One porous framework [Zn4（μ4-O）（μ4-4-pca）3]·2（DEF）·2（H2O）（1, 4-H2Pca = 4-pyrazolecarboxylic acid, DEF = N,N-diethylformamide） with MOF-5 type topology has been synthesized solvothermally. Signifi...One porous framework [Zn4（μ4-O）（μ4-4-pca）3]·2（DEF）·2（H2O）（1, 4-H2Pca = 4-pyrazolecarboxylic acid, DEF = N,N-diethylformamide） with MOF-5 type topology has been synthesized solvothermally. Significantly, this compound exhibits high capacity of C2 hydrocarbons. C2H2 capacity could compare with the highest value of the reported MOFs, far exceeding that of MOF-5, as well as the high selectivity adsorption of C2s over C1.展开更多
Ferrierite(FER) zeolites were synthesized by solid transformation at different alkalinities(OH-/Al2O3 molar ratios). The in situ delamination of FER zeolites were achieved and their catalytic performances in the catal...Ferrierite(FER) zeolites were synthesized by solid transformation at different alkalinities(OH-/Al2O3 molar ratios). The in situ delamination of FER zeolites were achieved and their catalytic performances in the catalytic cracking of C4 hydrocarbons were examined. The relationships among the OH-/Al2O3 molar ratio, FER structure,composition, surface acidity and catalytic performance in C4 hydrocarbon cracking were investigated. The results of X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy, N2 adsorption, NH3temperature-programmed desorption and catalytic cracking showed that with increasing OH-/Al2O3 molar ratio in the synthesis gel, the Si O2/Al2O3 molar ratio of the as-synthesized FER zeolite decreased, the amount of acid sites in the corresponding H-FER increased, and the acid strength weakened. Additionally, the FER zeolite was delaminated at the mesoscale. H-FER5 synthesized at the highest alkalinity had the largest number of acid sites and exhibited the highest catalytic activity in C4 hydrocarbon catalytic cracking among three of the prepared catalysts. H-FER3 synthesized at the secondhighest alkalinity showed that the highest yield of benzene and toluene because of the secondary pores resulted from the gaps between the layers, which were beneficial to the diffusion and formation of large molecules.展开更多
在莱州湾凹陷垦利10-4油田开展油气成藏条件及成藏模式研究。以地球化学测试、生物标志化合物、镜下薄片观察及钻井、录井等资料分析为基础,研究垦利10-4油田油气来源、储集性能、储盖组合、圈闭特征、输导运聚等成藏条件,结合烃类包裹...在莱州湾凹陷垦利10-4油田开展油气成藏条件及成藏模式研究。以地球化学测试、生物标志化合物、镜下薄片观察及钻井、录井等资料分析为基础,研究垦利10-4油田油气来源、储集性能、储盖组合、圈闭特征、输导运聚等成藏条件,结合烃类包裹体测定和盆地模拟方法厘定油气成藏期并建立油气成藏模式。垦利10-4油田主力产层沙三段由邻近北洼的沙三段和沙四段烃源岩共同供烃,具有近源捕集成藏的条件;储层主要为高孔高渗型辫状河三角洲前缘沉积砂体,沙三段砂岩与上覆沙一、沙二段泥岩沉积段构成了多套有利的储盖组合,且与圈闭形成期及断层活动时间匹配良好。垦利10-4油田为晚期成藏,主成藏期约2.6 Ma B.P.至今,辫状河三角洲前缘砂体与断裂、不整合面在空间上的叠置为油气输导及聚集提供了条件。成藏模式具有“近源捕集,短距离运移,晚期快速充注,深层原位成藏”的特点。展开更多
This article refers to the results of small-scale and commercial tests on high-temperature cracking of C4 fraction in FCC unit to increase the propylene yield. The bench tests revealed that the conversion rate of C4 f...This article refers to the results of small-scale and commercial tests on high-temperature cracking of C4 fraction in FCC unit to increase the propylene yield. The bench tests revealed that the conversion rate of C4 fraction during high-temperature cracking reached 37.38 % and propylene yield was equal to 15.60 % with the conversion rate of C4 olefins equating around 50%. The results of commercial application showed that adoption of the technology for high-temperature cracking of C4 fraction in FCC unit had led to an increase of propylene yield by 2.16 % with no remarkable changes in the yields and properties of other products.展开更多
1,4-dioxane pollution is characterized by its early identification, widespread sources and extensive distribution. The pollutant is highly mobile and persistent in the water environment and is classified as a B2(proba...1,4-dioxane pollution is characterized by its early identification, widespread sources and extensive distribution. The pollutant is highly mobile and persistent in the water environment and is classified as a B2(probable) human carcinogen. After reviewing recent researches on the pollution status,transport and transformation characteristics of 1,4-dioxane in the water environment, as well as the environmental pollution remediation and treatment technologies, and the status of environmental regulation,this paper addresses that the distribution of 1,4-dioxane in water bodies is significantly correlated with chlorinated hydrocarbon pollutants such as 1,1,1-trichloroethane(1,1,1-TCA) and trichloroethylene(TCE).It is noteworthy that 1,4-dioxane often occurs in symbiosis with 1,1,1-TCA and has a similarity contamination plume distribution to 1,1,1-TCA. The natural attenuation of 1,4-dioxane in groundwater environment is weak, but there is a certain degree of biological oxidation attenuation. Current methods for treating 1,4-dioxane pollution mainly include extraction-treatment technology, advanced oxidation treatment technology, modified biological treatment technology and phytoremediation technology, all of which have their limitations in practical application. Currently, there is no environmental regulation available for the 1,4-dioxane pollution worldwide, and no enforceable standard established for defining the health trigger levels of 1,4-dioxane in drinking water. Research on this contaminant in China is generally limited to the site or laboratory scale, and there are no studies on the environmental risk and quality standards for 1,4-dioxane in the water environment.展开更多
基金supported financially by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21601080)the Key Scientific Research Projects of Higher Education of He'nan Province(16A150016)
文摘One porous framework [Zn4（μ4-O）（μ4-4-pca）3]·2（DEF）·2（H2O）（1, 4-H2Pca = 4-pyrazolecarboxylic acid, DEF = N,N-diethylformamide） with MOF-5 type topology has been synthesized solvothermally. Significantly, this compound exhibits high capacity of C2 hydrocarbons. C2H2 capacity could compare with the highest value of the reported MOFs, far exceeding that of MOF-5, as well as the high selectivity adsorption of C2s over C1.
基金Supported by the NSFC of China(20973123)the National Basic Research Program of China(2012CB215002)+1 种基金the International Science and Technology Cooperative Program of China(2010DFB40440)Shanxi Basic Research Projects(2012011005-7,2012011008-3)
文摘Ferrierite(FER) zeolites were synthesized by solid transformation at different alkalinities(OH-/Al2O3 molar ratios). The in situ delamination of FER zeolites were achieved and their catalytic performances in the catalytic cracking of C4 hydrocarbons were examined. The relationships among the OH-/Al2O3 molar ratio, FER structure,composition, surface acidity and catalytic performance in C4 hydrocarbon cracking were investigated. The results of X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy, N2 adsorption, NH3temperature-programmed desorption and catalytic cracking showed that with increasing OH-/Al2O3 molar ratio in the synthesis gel, the Si O2/Al2O3 molar ratio of the as-synthesized FER zeolite decreased, the amount of acid sites in the corresponding H-FER increased, and the acid strength weakened. Additionally, the FER zeolite was delaminated at the mesoscale. H-FER5 synthesized at the highest alkalinity had the largest number of acid sites and exhibited the highest catalytic activity in C4 hydrocarbon catalytic cracking among three of the prepared catalysts. H-FER3 synthesized at the secondhighest alkalinity showed that the highest yield of benzene and toluene because of the secondary pores resulted from the gaps between the layers, which were beneficial to the diffusion and formation of large molecules.
文摘在莱州湾凹陷垦利10-4油田开展油气成藏条件及成藏模式研究。以地球化学测试、生物标志化合物、镜下薄片观察及钻井、录井等资料分析为基础,研究垦利10-4油田油气来源、储集性能、储盖组合、圈闭特征、输导运聚等成藏条件,结合烃类包裹体测定和盆地模拟方法厘定油气成藏期并建立油气成藏模式。垦利10-4油田主力产层沙三段由邻近北洼的沙三段和沙四段烃源岩共同供烃,具有近源捕集成藏的条件;储层主要为高孔高渗型辫状河三角洲前缘沉积砂体,沙三段砂岩与上覆沙一、沙二段泥岩沉积段构成了多套有利的储盖组合,且与圈闭形成期及断层活动时间匹配良好。垦利10-4油田为晚期成藏,主成藏期约2.6 Ma B.P.至今,辫状河三角洲前缘砂体与断裂、不整合面在空间上的叠置为油气输导及聚集提供了条件。成藏模式具有“近源捕集,短距离运移,晚期快速充注,深层原位成藏”的特点。
文摘This article refers to the results of small-scale and commercial tests on high-temperature cracking of C4 fraction in FCC unit to increase the propylene yield. The bench tests revealed that the conversion rate of C4 fraction during high-temperature cracking reached 37.38 % and propylene yield was equal to 15.60 % with the conversion rate of C4 olefins equating around 50%. The results of commercial application showed that adoption of the technology for high-temperature cracking of C4 fraction in FCC unit had led to an increase of propylene yield by 2.16 % with no remarkable changes in the yields and properties of other products.
文摘1,4-dioxane pollution is characterized by its early identification, widespread sources and extensive distribution. The pollutant is highly mobile and persistent in the water environment and is classified as a B2(probable) human carcinogen. After reviewing recent researches on the pollution status,transport and transformation characteristics of 1,4-dioxane in the water environment, as well as the environmental pollution remediation and treatment technologies, and the status of environmental regulation,this paper addresses that the distribution of 1,4-dioxane in water bodies is significantly correlated with chlorinated hydrocarbon pollutants such as 1,1,1-trichloroethane(1,1,1-TCA) and trichloroethylene(TCE).It is noteworthy that 1,4-dioxane often occurs in symbiosis with 1,1,1-TCA and has a similarity contamination plume distribution to 1,1,1-TCA. The natural attenuation of 1,4-dioxane in groundwater environment is weak, but there is a certain degree of biological oxidation attenuation. Current methods for treating 1,4-dioxane pollution mainly include extraction-treatment technology, advanced oxidation treatment technology, modified biological treatment technology and phytoremediation technology, all of which have their limitations in practical application. Currently, there is no environmental regulation available for the 1,4-dioxane pollution worldwide, and no enforceable standard established for defining the health trigger levels of 1,4-dioxane in drinking water. Research on this contaminant in China is generally limited to the site or laboratory scale, and there are no studies on the environmental risk and quality standards for 1,4-dioxane in the water environment.
