A study was carried out on the volatilization kinetics of Zn in the pellets made of Zn-bearing dusts mixed with coal powder in a nitrogen atmosphere and within the temperature range between 1 100℃and 1 300℃. The stu...A study was carried out on the volatilization kinetics of Zn in the pellets made of Zn-bearing dusts mixed with coal powder in a nitrogen atmosphere and within the temperature range between 1 100℃and 1 300℃. The study shows that the reduction temperature has a significant effect on the volatilization rate of zinc and that either the coal particle size or the excess carbon content has no effect on the volatilization rate. The obtained activation energy for the volatilization of zinc is 79.42 kJ/mol. The volatilization rate of zinc is controlled by the reaction between the zinc oxides and CO.展开更多
As the raw material for hot metal containing chromium from 20% to 40%, carbon-beared chromite pellets made from three kinds of typical chromite were reduced at 1 300 ℃ for 30 min and then kept at 1 550-1 600 ℃ for 1...As the raw material for hot metal containing chromium from 20% to 40%, carbon-beared chromite pellets made from three kinds of typical chromite were reduced at 1 300 ℃ for 30 min and then kept at 1 550-1 600 ℃ for 10 min. The effect of Cr 2O 3/FeO mass ratio in pellets on chromium content in hot metal and the yield of chromium were investigated. The results indicated that the highest chromium content is in hot metal produced from South African UG2 ore, but slag volume produced with Indian chromite is the smallest. The yield of chromium is only 60% to 75%, due to short melting time, high melting point and large surface tension of the slag with high Al 2O 3 and MgO content, which influences the separation between metal and slag.展开更多
To avoid the nonuniform phenomena of heat and mass transfer of metallurgical powdery materials caused by conventional heating method,the temperature rise characteristics of carbon-containing chromite ore fines in the ...To avoid the nonuniform phenomena of heat and mass transfer of metallurgical powdery materials caused by conventional heating method,the temperature rise characteristics of carbon-containing chromite ore fines in the microwave field were investigated using microwave heating in a microwave metallurgical furnace.The experimental results show that the carbon-containing chromite ore fines have better temperature rise characteristics in the microwave field at a frequency of 2.45 GHz.After heated in the microwave field of 10 kW,the temperature of 1 kg carbon-containing chromite ore fines rose up to 1 100 ℃ in 7 min,at a temperature rise rate of 157.1(℃·min-1·kg-1),whereas the temperature of 1 kg carbon-containing magnetite ore fines rose only up to 1 000 ℃ in 10 min,at a temperature rise rate of 100(℃·min-1·kg-1).With increasing carbon-fitting ratios and by adding calcic lime,their heating effects changed regularly.展开更多
The influence of reduction temperature, size of coal powder and the carbon content on the evaporation rates of Zn and Pb in pellets made of ZnO-PbO-FeO bearing dust has been investigated between 1100-1300℃. The evapo...The influence of reduction temperature, size of coal powder and the carbon content on the evaporation rates of Zn and Pb in pellets made of ZnO-PbO-FeO bearing dust has been investigated between 1100-1300℃. The evaporation rate of Zn and Pb obtained from the experiments has been analyzed with kinetic models. The results show that the control step for evaporation of Zn is reduction reaction of ZnO by CO at the interface,and that the evaporation rate of Pb is controlled by the volatilization of reduction products, i.e. liquid lead. The overall apparent activation energies of Zn and Pb evaporation from the pellet are 79.42kJ/mol and 88.74kJ/mol respectively.展开更多
This study investigated the volatilization kinetics of lead in pellets made of Zn-Pb-bearing dusts mixed with coal powder,in a nitrogen atmosphere and in the temperature range between 1 100 ℃ - 1 300℃ ,and showed th...This study investigated the volatilization kinetics of lead in pellets made of Zn-Pb-bearing dusts mixed with coal powder,in a nitrogen atmosphere and in the temperature range between 1 100 ℃ - 1 300℃ ,and showed that the reduction temperature has a significant effect on the volatilization rate of lead and that neither the particle size of the coal powder nor the extra carbon content has any effect on the volatilization rate. The obtained activation energy for the volatilization of lead is 88.74 kJ/mol. The volatilization rate of lead is controlled by both the lead evaporation reaction and the diffusion of gaseous lead through the gas boundary layer covering the surface of the reduced liquid lead.展开更多
文摘A study was carried out on the volatilization kinetics of Zn in the pellets made of Zn-bearing dusts mixed with coal powder in a nitrogen atmosphere and within the temperature range between 1 100℃and 1 300℃. The study shows that the reduction temperature has a significant effect on the volatilization rate of zinc and that either the coal particle size or the excess carbon content has no effect on the volatilization rate. The obtained activation energy for the volatilization of zinc is 79.42 kJ/mol. The volatilization rate of zinc is controlled by the reaction between the zinc oxides and CO.
文摘As the raw material for hot metal containing chromium from 20% to 40%, carbon-beared chromite pellets made from three kinds of typical chromite were reduced at 1 300 ℃ for 30 min and then kept at 1 550-1 600 ℃ for 10 min. The effect of Cr 2O 3/FeO mass ratio in pellets on chromium content in hot metal and the yield of chromium were investigated. The results indicated that the highest chromium content is in hot metal produced from South African UG2 ore, but slag volume produced with Indian chromite is the smallest. The yield of chromium is only 60% to 75%, due to short melting time, high melting point and large surface tension of the slag with high Al 2O 3 and MgO content, which influences the separation between metal and slag.
基金Item Sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China and Baoshan Iron and Steel Group Co(50474083)
文摘To avoid the nonuniform phenomena of heat and mass transfer of metallurgical powdery materials caused by conventional heating method,the temperature rise characteristics of carbon-containing chromite ore fines in the microwave field were investigated using microwave heating in a microwave metallurgical furnace.The experimental results show that the carbon-containing chromite ore fines have better temperature rise characteristics in the microwave field at a frequency of 2.45 GHz.After heated in the microwave field of 10 kW,the temperature of 1 kg carbon-containing chromite ore fines rose up to 1 100 ℃ in 7 min,at a temperature rise rate of 157.1(℃·min-1·kg-1),whereas the temperature of 1 kg carbon-containing magnetite ore fines rose only up to 1 000 ℃ in 10 min,at a temperature rise rate of 100(℃·min-1·kg-1).With increasing carbon-fitting ratios and by adding calcic lime,their heating effects changed regularly.
文摘The influence of reduction temperature, size of coal powder and the carbon content on the evaporation rates of Zn and Pb in pellets made of ZnO-PbO-FeO bearing dust has been investigated between 1100-1300℃. The evaporation rate of Zn and Pb obtained from the experiments has been analyzed with kinetic models. The results show that the control step for evaporation of Zn is reduction reaction of ZnO by CO at the interface,and that the evaporation rate of Pb is controlled by the volatilization of reduction products, i.e. liquid lead. The overall apparent activation energies of Zn and Pb evaporation from the pellet are 79.42kJ/mol and 88.74kJ/mol respectively.
基金financially supported by the "Joint Fund(project number U1260202)for Iron and Steel Research"built by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and Baosteel Group Corporation
文摘This study investigated the volatilization kinetics of lead in pellets made of Zn-Pb-bearing dusts mixed with coal powder,in a nitrogen atmosphere and in the temperature range between 1 100 ℃ - 1 300℃ ,and showed that the reduction temperature has a significant effect on the volatilization rate of lead and that neither the particle size of the coal powder nor the extra carbon content has any effect on the volatilization rate. The obtained activation energy for the volatilization of lead is 88.74 kJ/mol. The volatilization rate of lead is controlled by both the lead evaporation reaction and the diffusion of gaseous lead through the gas boundary layer covering the surface of the reduced liquid lead.