This study focuses on the behavior of chitosan(CHI)and its polyelectrolyte complexes with carboxymethyl starch(CMS)used as monolithic matrices with acetaminophen as drug tracer.Two different chitosan grades were teste...This study focuses on the behavior of chitosan(CHI)and its polyelectrolyte complexes with carboxymethyl starch(CMS)used as monolithic matrices with acetaminophen as drug tracer.Two different chitosan grades were tested alone or associated in various ratios with CMS as excipients for tablets obtained by direct compression.The degree of deacetylation(DDA)of CHI,estimated from 1H NMR and FTIR data,was correlated with X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy(SEM)to evaluate structural organization of the monolithic matrices.In vitro drug dissolution assays showed major differences in CHI kinetic profiles between tablets exposed to acidic medium for 2h(to mimick gastric passage)prior to dissolution in simulated intestinal fluid(SIF),and those administered directly to SIF.Prior exposure to acidic SGF conducted to longer dissolution profiles(release completed after 16 h)and preservation of tablet shape,whereas tablets directly incubated in SIF were rapidly disintegrated.The improved properties of chitosan matrices exposed to SGF may be related to an outer compact coating layer(visible in SEM).The effect of self-stabilization of chitosan in acidic medium was compared to that due to formation of polyelectrolyte complexes(PEC)in co-processed polymeric systems(CHI:CMS).The self-formed membrane following exposure to gastric acidity appears to help maintaining tablet integrity and allows higher drug loading,recommending CHI and its complexes with CMS as excipients for drug delivery.展开更多
目的探讨参苓白术散联合羧甲淀粉钠溶液治疗小儿反复呼吸道感染的临床疗效。方法选取2016年2月—2017年2月在中国人民解放军第一五三中心医院治疗的反复呼吸道感染患儿100例,根据用药的差别分为对照组(50例)和治疗组(50例)。对照组口服...目的探讨参苓白术散联合羧甲淀粉钠溶液治疗小儿反复呼吸道感染的临床疗效。方法选取2016年2月—2017年2月在中国人民解放军第一五三中心医院治疗的反复呼吸道感染患儿100例,根据用药的差别分为对照组(50例)和治疗组(50例)。对照组口服羧甲淀粉钠溶液,2~5岁患儿7 m L/次,6~8岁10 m L/次,9~14岁15 m L/次,3次/d。治疗组在对照组基础上口服参苓白术散,2~6岁患儿3 g/次,7~14岁6 g/次,2次/d。两组患儿均规律治疗3个月。观察两组患者临床疗效,比较治疗前后两组患儿临床症状改善时间、免疫指标和血清炎性指标变化。结果治疗后,对照组临床总有效率为80.00%,显著低于治疗组的94.00%,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组患儿咳嗽、发热和肺部啰音消失时间均明显短于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组患儿血清Ig A、Ig G均显著升高,Ig E水平显著降低,同组比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);且治疗组上述免疫指标比对照组改善更明显(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组患儿血清半胱氨酰白三烯(Cysl Ts)、降钙素(PCT)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平均明显降低,IL-2和IL-10水平均明显升高,同组比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);且治疗组上述血清炎性指标明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论参苓白术散联合羧甲淀粉钠溶液治疗小儿反复呼吸道感染可有效改善患儿临床症状,提高机体免疫功能,降低机体炎症反应。展开更多
文摘This study focuses on the behavior of chitosan(CHI)and its polyelectrolyte complexes with carboxymethyl starch(CMS)used as monolithic matrices with acetaminophen as drug tracer.Two different chitosan grades were tested alone or associated in various ratios with CMS as excipients for tablets obtained by direct compression.The degree of deacetylation(DDA)of CHI,estimated from 1H NMR and FTIR data,was correlated with X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy(SEM)to evaluate structural organization of the monolithic matrices.In vitro drug dissolution assays showed major differences in CHI kinetic profiles between tablets exposed to acidic medium for 2h(to mimick gastric passage)prior to dissolution in simulated intestinal fluid(SIF),and those administered directly to SIF.Prior exposure to acidic SGF conducted to longer dissolution profiles(release completed after 16 h)and preservation of tablet shape,whereas tablets directly incubated in SIF were rapidly disintegrated.The improved properties of chitosan matrices exposed to SGF may be related to an outer compact coating layer(visible in SEM).The effect of self-stabilization of chitosan in acidic medium was compared to that due to formation of polyelectrolyte complexes(PEC)in co-processed polymeric systems(CHI:CMS).The self-formed membrane following exposure to gastric acidity appears to help maintaining tablet integrity and allows higher drug loading,recommending CHI and its complexes with CMS as excipients for drug delivery.
文摘目的探讨参苓白术散联合羧甲淀粉钠溶液治疗小儿反复呼吸道感染的临床疗效。方法选取2016年2月—2017年2月在中国人民解放军第一五三中心医院治疗的反复呼吸道感染患儿100例,根据用药的差别分为对照组(50例)和治疗组(50例)。对照组口服羧甲淀粉钠溶液,2~5岁患儿7 m L/次,6~8岁10 m L/次,9~14岁15 m L/次,3次/d。治疗组在对照组基础上口服参苓白术散,2~6岁患儿3 g/次,7~14岁6 g/次,2次/d。两组患儿均规律治疗3个月。观察两组患者临床疗效,比较治疗前后两组患儿临床症状改善时间、免疫指标和血清炎性指标变化。结果治疗后,对照组临床总有效率为80.00%,显著低于治疗组的94.00%,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组患儿咳嗽、发热和肺部啰音消失时间均明显短于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组患儿血清Ig A、Ig G均显著升高,Ig E水平显著降低,同组比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);且治疗组上述免疫指标比对照组改善更明显(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组患儿血清半胱氨酰白三烯(Cysl Ts)、降钙素(PCT)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平均明显降低,IL-2和IL-10水平均明显升高,同组比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);且治疗组上述血清炎性指标明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论参苓白术散联合羧甲淀粉钠溶液治疗小儿反复呼吸道感染可有效改善患儿临床症状,提高机体免疫功能,降低机体炎症反应。
