采用石蜡制片法,对产于中国的伞形科(Apiaceae)阿米芹族(Ammineae)葛缕子亚族(Carinae)7属26种4变种1变型以及作为外类群的西风芹亚族(Seselinae)2属6种的果实横切面解剖结构进行了观察,并选择18个结构特征作为数量分类性状,进行了系统...采用石蜡制片法,对产于中国的伞形科(Apiaceae)阿米芹族(Ammineae)葛缕子亚族(Carinae)7属26种4变种1变型以及作为外类群的西风芹亚族(Seselinae)2属6种的果实横切面解剖结构进行了观察,并选择18个结构特征作为数量分类性状,进行了系统聚类分析和主成分分析;根据数量分类结果提出了部分类群的分类处理建议。观察结果显示:供试种类的果实横切面在果体形状和大小、背棱和侧棱的形状和大小、果棱发达程度、外果皮和中果皮的结晶和色素块的形态等特征上呈现出多样化的特点,少数种类的某些果实解剖特征呈现出特殊性,其中,仅柴胡属(Bupleurum Linn.)种类和山茴香(Carlesia sinensis Dunn)的果实几不压扁,仅鸭儿芹(Cryptotaenia japonica Hassk.)的果体腹面有隐棱,仅山茴香的油管沿果体连续分布。聚类分析结果显示:供试种类可分为5类,其中,山茴香、藁本属(Ligusticum Linn.)种类、鸭儿芹、西风芹属(Seseli Linn.)种类各自聚为一类;柴胡属、茴芹属(Pimpinella Linn.)、丝瓣芹属(Acronema Falconer ex Edgew.)、阿米芹属(Ammi Linn.)和小芹属(Sinocarum H.Wolff ex R.H.Shan et F.T.Pu)5属的种类聚为一类(含5组),其中,尖瓣芹(Acronema chinense Wolff)、阿米芹〔Ammi visnaga(Linn.)Lam.〕和钝瓣小芹〔Sinocarum inocarum cruciatum(Franch.)Wolff ex R.H.Shan et F.T.Pu〕各自聚为组A、组B和组C,组D包含茴芹属和丝瓣芹属的种类,组E包含柴胡属的种类及紫茎小芹〔S.coloratum(Diels)Wolff ex R.H.Shan et F.T.Pu〕。主成分分析结果显示:前6个主成分的累计贡献率达到86.217%,其中第1主成分的贡献率达到36.561%,以背部果棱形状、侧棱形状、每果棱中维管束的数量、腹面是否有隐棱4个性状的绝对权重值均较高;总体上看,果棱、果体形状和分泌结构3大类9个解剖性状对阿米芹族的数量分类具有重要意义。依据数量分类结果,认为葛缕子亚族乃至阿米芹族的分类具有不自然性,其中,鸭儿芹和山茴香属(Carlesia Dunn)的分类地位应予提升,丝瓣芹属与茴芹属的关系以及小芹属下的分类有待进一步明晰;此外,西风芹亚族中西风芹属的界限和分类地位需要重新考虑。展开更多
BACKGROUND Coronary intervention for bifurcation lesions is still challenging for interventional cardiologists.Left main(LM)bifurcation lesions have a higher risk due to the vast blood supply in this area and treatmen...BACKGROUND Coronary intervention for bifurcation lesions is still challenging for interventional cardiologists.Left main(LM)bifurcation lesions have a higher risk due to the vast blood supply in this area and treatment choice is difficult.Ostial compromise of the side branch decreases patient prognosis,and its management is still an issue despite the different strategies and devices available.CASE SUMMARY A 42-year-old male patient was admitted to hospital due to chest pain and syncope.Coronary angiography showed acute LM occlusion.Following thrombus aspiration,a LM bifurcation lesion remained.Coronary angiography was repeated one week later,and at the same time,3D optical coherence tomography(OCT)was carried out to better show the geometry of the bifurcation,which confirmed that the stenosis in the ostial left circumflex artery was caused by a long carina.After assessment of the plaque characteristics and the minimum lumen area,the cross-over strategy,kissing balloon inflation and proximal optimization technique were chosen to treat the bifurcation lesion.A“moving”carina was found twice during the intervention.Good stent apposition and expansion were confirmed by OCT after proximal optimization technique.The three-month follow-up showed good recovery and normal cardiac function.CONCLUSION 3D-OCT can facilitate decision-making for coronary interventions in patients with critical bifurcation lesions.展开更多
AFTER the publication of the fossil bird Confuciusorins, additional skeletons of fossil birds have been found by Hou Lianhai, Hu Yaoming, Wang Ping, Gu Yucai and Sun Yutie in the Yixian Formation of Beipiao, Liaoning ...AFTER the publication of the fossil bird Confuciusorins, additional skeletons of fossil birds have been found by Hou Lianhai, Hu Yaoming, Wang Ping, Gu Yucai and Sun Yutie in the Yixian Formation of Beipiao, Liaoning Province. The new locality is about 3 km southwest of that of Confuciusorins. Among those specimens were two of Confuciusorins and two new birds. A well-developed carina was found on the smallest specimen, a feature not found in the Jurassic birds, such as Archaeopteryx and Confuciusorins. The new Jurassic fossil bird is described in the present note.展开更多
目的:比较高度公式引导法与胸骨角引导法预测小儿中心静脉导管(CVC)置管深度方法的效果差异。方法:回顾性分析2014年1月至2021年1月接受右颈内静脉导管术205例的儿童资料,使用胸骨角引导(S组)101例,使用高度公式引导(H组)104例。比较两...目的:比较高度公式引导法与胸骨角引导法预测小儿中心静脉导管(CVC)置管深度方法的效果差异。方法:回顾性分析2014年1月至2021年1月接受右颈内静脉导管术205例的儿童资料,使用胸骨角引导(S组)101例,使用高度公式引导(H组)104例。比较两组人口统计学特征、导管尖端到心尖的距离、CVC尖端和心尖的相对位置、术后相关并发症及尖端位置的术后调整。结果:与H组相比,S组的CVC头端到心窝的垂直长度明显浅(-8.93±6.41 mm vs.3.76±13.35 mm,P<0.001),且CVC头端高于心窝的数量更多(98.0%vs.47.1%,P<0.001)。在S组中无患儿需要在术后调整CVC位置,也无并发症发生。H组术后需要调整CVC位置4例,其中与CVC相关的心律失常3例,导管功能障碍1例。结论:胸骨角引导法可能是比高度公式引导法预测小儿中心静脉置管深度更安全的方法。展开更多
目的：初步探讨 Y 型硅酮气道支架置入治疗气管下段、气管隆突、双主支气和气管食管瘘等复合病变的可行性和疗效。方法根据气道复合病变的特殊解剖结构，设计并裁剪气道 Y 型硅酮支架，在全麻硬质支气管镜引导下，对7例气道复合病变患...目的：初步探讨 Y 型硅酮气道支架置入治疗气管下段、气管隆突、双主支气和气管食管瘘等复合病变的可行性和疗效。方法根据气道复合病变的特殊解剖结构，设计并裁剪气道 Y 型硅酮支架，在全麻硬质支气管镜引导下，对7例气道复合病变患者置入 Y 型硅酮支架7枚。结果 Y 型硅酮支架均一次性置入成功，7例患者置入内支架后症状均缓解，呼吸困难分级由Ⅲ～Ⅳ级改善为0～Ⅱ级，脉搏血氧饱和度（SpO2）高流量吸氧时的77.0%～90.0%[平均为（84.1±4.5）%]提高至自然呼吸时的90.0%～99.0%[平均为（94.1±2.9）%]，与术前比较差异有统计学意义（P =0.000），主要并发症为咳嗽、异物感、胸痛、肉芽形成和痰液潴留。结论气道 Y 型硅酮支架置入能有效解除气道复合病变，技术可行，操作相对简单、安全，近期疗效可靠，值得进一步推广应用。展开更多
文摘采用石蜡制片法,对产于中国的伞形科(Apiaceae)阿米芹族(Ammineae)葛缕子亚族(Carinae)7属26种4变种1变型以及作为外类群的西风芹亚族(Seselinae)2属6种的果实横切面解剖结构进行了观察,并选择18个结构特征作为数量分类性状,进行了系统聚类分析和主成分分析;根据数量分类结果提出了部分类群的分类处理建议。观察结果显示:供试种类的果实横切面在果体形状和大小、背棱和侧棱的形状和大小、果棱发达程度、外果皮和中果皮的结晶和色素块的形态等特征上呈现出多样化的特点,少数种类的某些果实解剖特征呈现出特殊性,其中,仅柴胡属(Bupleurum Linn.)种类和山茴香(Carlesia sinensis Dunn)的果实几不压扁,仅鸭儿芹(Cryptotaenia japonica Hassk.)的果体腹面有隐棱,仅山茴香的油管沿果体连续分布。聚类分析结果显示:供试种类可分为5类,其中,山茴香、藁本属(Ligusticum Linn.)种类、鸭儿芹、西风芹属(Seseli Linn.)种类各自聚为一类;柴胡属、茴芹属(Pimpinella Linn.)、丝瓣芹属(Acronema Falconer ex Edgew.)、阿米芹属(Ammi Linn.)和小芹属(Sinocarum H.Wolff ex R.H.Shan et F.T.Pu)5属的种类聚为一类(含5组),其中,尖瓣芹(Acronema chinense Wolff)、阿米芹〔Ammi visnaga(Linn.)Lam.〕和钝瓣小芹〔Sinocarum inocarum cruciatum(Franch.)Wolff ex R.H.Shan et F.T.Pu〕各自聚为组A、组B和组C,组D包含茴芹属和丝瓣芹属的种类,组E包含柴胡属的种类及紫茎小芹〔S.coloratum(Diels)Wolff ex R.H.Shan et F.T.Pu〕。主成分分析结果显示:前6个主成分的累计贡献率达到86.217%,其中第1主成分的贡献率达到36.561%,以背部果棱形状、侧棱形状、每果棱中维管束的数量、腹面是否有隐棱4个性状的绝对权重值均较高;总体上看,果棱、果体形状和分泌结构3大类9个解剖性状对阿米芹族的数量分类具有重要意义。依据数量分类结果,认为葛缕子亚族乃至阿米芹族的分类具有不自然性,其中,鸭儿芹和山茴香属(Carlesia Dunn)的分类地位应予提升,丝瓣芹属与茴芹属的关系以及小芹属下的分类有待进一步明晰;此外,西风芹亚族中西风芹属的界限和分类地位需要重新考虑。
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81570360Beijing Lisheng Cardiovascular Grant,No.LHJJ201612425
文摘BACKGROUND Coronary intervention for bifurcation lesions is still challenging for interventional cardiologists.Left main(LM)bifurcation lesions have a higher risk due to the vast blood supply in this area and treatment choice is difficult.Ostial compromise of the side branch decreases patient prognosis,and its management is still an issue despite the different strategies and devices available.CASE SUMMARY A 42-year-old male patient was admitted to hospital due to chest pain and syncope.Coronary angiography showed acute LM occlusion.Following thrombus aspiration,a LM bifurcation lesion remained.Coronary angiography was repeated one week later,and at the same time,3D optical coherence tomography(OCT)was carried out to better show the geometry of the bifurcation,which confirmed that the stenosis in the ostial left circumflex artery was caused by a long carina.After assessment of the plaque characteristics and the minimum lumen area,the cross-over strategy,kissing balloon inflation and proximal optimization technique were chosen to treat the bifurcation lesion.A“moving”carina was found twice during the intervention.Good stent apposition and expansion were confirmed by OCT after proximal optimization technique.The three-month follow-up showed good recovery and normal cardiac function.CONCLUSION 3D-OCT can facilitate decision-making for coronary interventions in patients with critical bifurcation lesions.
文摘AFTER the publication of the fossil bird Confuciusorins, additional skeletons of fossil birds have been found by Hou Lianhai, Hu Yaoming, Wang Ping, Gu Yucai and Sun Yutie in the Yixian Formation of Beipiao, Liaoning Province. The new locality is about 3 km southwest of that of Confuciusorins. Among those specimens were two of Confuciusorins and two new birds. A well-developed carina was found on the smallest specimen, a feature not found in the Jurassic birds, such as Archaeopteryx and Confuciusorins. The new Jurassic fossil bird is described in the present note.
文摘目的:比较高度公式引导法与胸骨角引导法预测小儿中心静脉导管(CVC)置管深度方法的效果差异。方法:回顾性分析2014年1月至2021年1月接受右颈内静脉导管术205例的儿童资料,使用胸骨角引导(S组)101例,使用高度公式引导(H组)104例。比较两组人口统计学特征、导管尖端到心尖的距离、CVC尖端和心尖的相对位置、术后相关并发症及尖端位置的术后调整。结果:与H组相比,S组的CVC头端到心窝的垂直长度明显浅(-8.93±6.41 mm vs.3.76±13.35 mm,P<0.001),且CVC头端高于心窝的数量更多(98.0%vs.47.1%,P<0.001)。在S组中无患儿需要在术后调整CVC位置,也无并发症发生。H组术后需要调整CVC位置4例,其中与CVC相关的心律失常3例,导管功能障碍1例。结论:胸骨角引导法可能是比高度公式引导法预测小儿中心静脉置管深度更安全的方法。
文摘目的：初步探讨 Y 型硅酮气道支架置入治疗气管下段、气管隆突、双主支气和气管食管瘘等复合病变的可行性和疗效。方法根据气道复合病变的特殊解剖结构，设计并裁剪气道 Y 型硅酮支架，在全麻硬质支气管镜引导下，对7例气道复合病变患者置入 Y 型硅酮支架7枚。结果 Y 型硅酮支架均一次性置入成功，7例患者置入内支架后症状均缓解，呼吸困难分级由Ⅲ～Ⅳ级改善为0～Ⅱ级，脉搏血氧饱和度（SpO2）高流量吸氧时的77.0%～90.0%[平均为（84.1±4.5）%]提高至自然呼吸时的90.0%～99.0%[平均为（94.1±2.9）%]，与术前比较差异有统计学意义（P =0.000），主要并发症为咳嗽、异物感、胸痛、肉芽形成和痰液潴留。结论气道 Y 型硅酮支架置入能有效解除气道复合病变，技术可行，操作相对简单、安全，近期疗效可靠，值得进一步推广应用。
