This article, by using mathematical expressions, offers a scientific framework for understanding how the grading system of Qing′s structural carpentry determines the design and construction in the grand style timber...This article, by using mathematical expressions, offers a scientific framework for understanding how the grading system of Qing′s structural carpentry determines the design and construction in the grand style timber architecture.The Qing′s grand style timber structure, which is ready for prefabrication and assembly, is extremely hierarchical oriented and significantly standardized. The general procedure in designing a grand style timber structure is to start with the grade that defines the basic module (dou kou); next comes with the number of bracket set (cuan), the number of longitudinal bays and the number of purlins which affect its plan and cross section; thirdly choose a roof type that determines its longitudinal section and the facade as well. A series of formulae are conducted to help depict the layout, cross sectional roof curvature and special longitudinal treatments in 4 sloped and 9 spined roofs respectively.展开更多
This research focuses on the latest restoration of the Oratory of the Partal Palace(2013–2017),a 14th-century palatine mosque in the Alhambra,one of the most important UNESCO-listed World Heritage Sites of Spain.This...This research focuses on the latest restoration of the Oratory of the Partal Palace(2013–2017),a 14th-century palatine mosque in the Alhambra,one of the most important UNESCO-listed World Heritage Sites of Spain.This restoration was awarded the Europa Nostra Grand Prix 2019,the most prestigious European heritage award,promoted by the European Commission.The restoration revealed original inscriptions,decorative elements and constructive solutions from the Nasrid period that had been unknown to date.The interpretation of these discoveries enabled a deeper understanding of Nasrid carpentry techniques as distinctive from their Christian-mudéjar counterparts.The dendrochronology tests of the original decorated timber framework covering the prayer space consistently dated its timber elements as having been cut during the autumn/winter of 1332–1333.This would prove that the Oratory had been conceived of and its construction initiated on a date earlier than its widely accepted attribution to Yusuf I(1333–1355),most likely during the rule of the earlier sultan Ismai’l I(1314–1325),who had already made several interventions in the Partal Palace.The improved legibility of the last two 1846 and 1930 historical restorations has enabled the interpretation of the Oratory of the Partal Palace as a compendium of Spanish heritage preservation approaches over the last 180 years.展开更多
文摘This article, by using mathematical expressions, offers a scientific framework for understanding how the grading system of Qing′s structural carpentry determines the design and construction in the grand style timber architecture.The Qing′s grand style timber structure, which is ready for prefabrication and assembly, is extremely hierarchical oriented and significantly standardized. The general procedure in designing a grand style timber structure is to start with the grade that defines the basic module (dou kou); next comes with the number of bracket set (cuan), the number of longitudinal bays and the number of purlins which affect its plan and cross section; thirdly choose a roof type that determines its longitudinal section and the facade as well. A series of formulae are conducted to help depict the layout, cross sectional roof curvature and special longitudinal treatments in 4 sloped and 9 spined roofs respectively.
文摘This research focuses on the latest restoration of the Oratory of the Partal Palace(2013–2017),a 14th-century palatine mosque in the Alhambra,one of the most important UNESCO-listed World Heritage Sites of Spain.This restoration was awarded the Europa Nostra Grand Prix 2019,the most prestigious European heritage award,promoted by the European Commission.The restoration revealed original inscriptions,decorative elements and constructive solutions from the Nasrid period that had been unknown to date.The interpretation of these discoveries enabled a deeper understanding of Nasrid carpentry techniques as distinctive from their Christian-mudéjar counterparts.The dendrochronology tests of the original decorated timber framework covering the prayer space consistently dated its timber elements as having been cut during the autumn/winter of 1332–1333.This would prove that the Oratory had been conceived of and its construction initiated on a date earlier than its widely accepted attribution to Yusuf I(1333–1355),most likely during the rule of the earlier sultan Ismai’l I(1314–1325),who had already made several interventions in the Partal Palace.The improved legibility of the last two 1846 and 1930 historical restorations has enabled the interpretation of the Oratory of the Partal Palace as a compendium of Spanish heritage preservation approaches over the last 180 years.
