The concentrations of protein, calcium, phosphorus and glucose of the synovial fluid in the carpus and tarsus were studied in 6 health Holstein cows by the conventional techniques. and the results were compared with t...The concentrations of protein, calcium, phosphorus and glucose of the synovial fluid in the carpus and tarsus were studied in 6 health Holstein cows by the conventional techniques. and the results were compared with the contents in the serum. The results were as follows:1).There was no significant difference between left and right joints. 2).The contents of total protein, albumin, globulin in carpus were lower than that in tarsus but no significant difference. 3).The contents of protein, phosphorus and glucose in the serum were significant higher than that in synovia. However, the content of calcium in the serum was significant lower than that in synovia.展开更多
The cellular constituents of the carpus and tarsus were investigated in 6 healthy Holstein cows.The cell counts method in synovial fluid was founded.The differential leukocyte contes were made from smears stained with...The cellular constituents of the carpus and tarsus were investigated in 6 healthy Holstein cows.The cell counts method in synovial fluid was founded.The differential leukocyte contes were made from smears stained with Wright's and Giemsa's compound stain.There were four types of cells in the synovial fluid,i.e,lymphocytes,neutrophils,macrophages and degenerated cells.The percentages of neutrophils in the synovial fluid was significantly lower than that in the bolld.The eosinophils and basophils were never observed in the smear.展开更多
The purpose of this study was to report the use and assess the effects of extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) for the treatment of carpal joint valgus deformities (CJVDs) in young foals. Only foals with CJVDs grea...The purpose of this study was to report the use and assess the effects of extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) for the treatment of carpal joint valgus deformities (CJVDs) in young foals. Only foals with CJVDs greater than 5° were included in the study. Foals were assigned to 3 treatment groups based on their degree of CJVD measured during the initial evaluation: valgus deformity (VD) of 5° to 8.9° (Group 1), VD of 9° to 11.9° (Group 2) and VD greater than or equal to 12° (Group 3). ESWT was applied on the convex side of the angular deformity immediately following the initial radiographic evaluation. Foals were subsequently evaluated clinically and radiologically followed by treatment every 10 days until resolution of the VD, with resolution defined as a deviation less than 5 degrees. Each treatment group received specific exercise, hoof trimming and hoof/shoe extension recommendations. Sixty-four (64) foals were included in the study;ages ranged from 8 to 60 days old at inclusion in the study with a mean age of 26.7 days. Of the 28 foals included in Group 1, 10 had bilateral CJVD. There were 21 in Group 2, and 15 in Group 3. Treatment success was defined as a VD angle less than 5°, and was reached in all foals in Groups 1 and 2. Five (5) foals in Group 3 completed the study with a VD angle of 5° to 6.7° at the last radiographic assessment. No major complications were observed during the study. In conclusion, ESWT in conjunction with controlled exercise, hoof trimming and hoof/shoe extensions corrected severe CJVDs in young foals. The use of ESWT eliminates possible negative side effects of general anesthesia and surgical techniques to treat VDs. Future studies should include a control population, more severe cases, other types of angular limb deformities, and older foals.展开更多
文摘The concentrations of protein, calcium, phosphorus and glucose of the synovial fluid in the carpus and tarsus were studied in 6 health Holstein cows by the conventional techniques. and the results were compared with the contents in the serum. The results were as follows:1).There was no significant difference between left and right joints. 2).The contents of total protein, albumin, globulin in carpus were lower than that in tarsus but no significant difference. 3).The contents of protein, phosphorus and glucose in the serum were significant higher than that in synovia. However, the content of calcium in the serum was significant lower than that in synovia.
文摘The cellular constituents of the carpus and tarsus were investigated in 6 healthy Holstein cows.The cell counts method in synovial fluid was founded.The differential leukocyte contes were made from smears stained with Wright's and Giemsa's compound stain.There were four types of cells in the synovial fluid,i.e,lymphocytes,neutrophils,macrophages and degenerated cells.The percentages of neutrophils in the synovial fluid was significantly lower than that in the bolld.The eosinophils and basophils were never observed in the smear.
文摘The purpose of this study was to report the use and assess the effects of extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) for the treatment of carpal joint valgus deformities (CJVDs) in young foals. Only foals with CJVDs greater than 5° were included in the study. Foals were assigned to 3 treatment groups based on their degree of CJVD measured during the initial evaluation: valgus deformity (VD) of 5° to 8.9° (Group 1), VD of 9° to 11.9° (Group 2) and VD greater than or equal to 12° (Group 3). ESWT was applied on the convex side of the angular deformity immediately following the initial radiographic evaluation. Foals were subsequently evaluated clinically and radiologically followed by treatment every 10 days until resolution of the VD, with resolution defined as a deviation less than 5 degrees. Each treatment group received specific exercise, hoof trimming and hoof/shoe extension recommendations. Sixty-four (64) foals were included in the study;ages ranged from 8 to 60 days old at inclusion in the study with a mean age of 26.7 days. Of the 28 foals included in Group 1, 10 had bilateral CJVD. There were 21 in Group 2, and 15 in Group 3. Treatment success was defined as a VD angle less than 5°, and was reached in all foals in Groups 1 and 2. Five (5) foals in Group 3 completed the study with a VD angle of 5° to 6.7° at the last radiographic assessment. No major complications were observed during the study. In conclusion, ESWT in conjunction with controlled exercise, hoof trimming and hoof/shoe extensions corrected severe CJVDs in young foals. The use of ESWT eliminates possible negative side effects of general anesthesia and surgical techniques to treat VDs. Future studies should include a control population, more severe cases, other types of angular limb deformities, and older foals.
