The relationship between the data to be transmitted and the signal phase in the 16-level quadrature amplitude modulation （16-QAM） constellation is derived. Then a new carder recovery method based on this relationshi...The relationship between the data to be transmitted and the signal phase in the 16-level quadrature amplitude modulation （16-QAM） constellation is derived. Then a new carder recovery method based on this relationship is proposed, where both-the diagonal and non-diagonal signal points are used for carder recovery. The analysis and simulation results show that, the proposed method for 16-QAM has a higher acquisition speed than the times-four carrier recovery method, and has a wider acquisition bandwidth and smaller phase errors than the diagonal constellation based carrier recovery method.展开更多
Enlarging the fleet of gas carriers would make it possible to respond to the growing demand for hydrocarbon gases,but it will increase carbon dioxide emissions.The International Maritime Organization(IMO)has developed...Enlarging the fleet of gas carriers would make it possible to respond to the growing demand for hydrocarbon gases,but it will increase carbon dioxide emissions.The International Maritime Organization(IMO)has developed the energy efficiency design index(EEDI)with the objective of carbon emission reduction for new ships.In this paper,thirty gas carriers transporting liquefied natural gas(LNG)and liquefied petroleum gas(LPG)and equipped with various types of main engines are considered.As shown by the calculation of the attained EEDI,2 of the 13 LPG carriers and 6 of the 17 LNG carriers under study do not comply with the EEDI requirements.To meet the stringent EEDI requirements,applying thermochemical regenerators(TCRs)fed by main engine exhaust gases is suggested.Mathematical modeling is applied to analyze the characteristics of the combined gas-turbine-electric and diesel-electric power plant with thermochemical recuperation of the exhaust gas heat.Utilizing TCR on gas carriers with engines fueled by syngas produced from boil-off gas(BOG)reduces the carbon content by 35%and provides the energy efficiency required by IMO without the use of other technologies.展开更多
In this paper, we have studied hot carrier injection （HCI） different degradations are obtained from the experiment results. under alternant stress. Under different stress modes, The different alternate stresses can ...In this paper, we have studied hot carrier injection （HCI） different degradations are obtained from the experiment results. under alternant stress. Under different stress modes, The different alternate stresses can reduce or enhance the HC effect, which mainly depends on the latter condition of the stress cycle. In the stress mode A （DC stress with electron injection）, the degradation keeps increasing. In the stress modes B （DC stress and then stress with the smMlest gate injection） and C （DC stress and then stress with hole injection under Vg = 0 V and Vd = 1.8 V）, recovery appears in the second stress period. And in the stress mode D （DC stress and then stress with hole injection under Vg = -1.8 V and Vd = 1.8 V）, as the traps filled in by holes can be smaller or greater than the generated interface states, the continued degradation or recovery in different stress periods can be obtained.展开更多
基金The National Natural Foundation of China(No60472089)
文摘The relationship between the data to be transmitted and the signal phase in the 16-level quadrature amplitude modulation （16-QAM） constellation is derived. Then a new carder recovery method based on this relationship is proposed, where both-the diagonal and non-diagonal signal points are used for carder recovery. The analysis and simulation results show that, the proposed method for 16-QAM has a higher acquisition speed than the times-four carrier recovery method, and has a wider acquisition bandwidth and smaller phase errors than the diagonal constellation based carrier recovery method.
文摘Enlarging the fleet of gas carriers would make it possible to respond to the growing demand for hydrocarbon gases,but it will increase carbon dioxide emissions.The International Maritime Organization(IMO)has developed the energy efficiency design index(EEDI)with the objective of carbon emission reduction for new ships.In this paper,thirty gas carriers transporting liquefied natural gas(LNG)and liquefied petroleum gas(LPG)and equipped with various types of main engines are considered.As shown by the calculation of the attained EEDI,2 of the 13 LPG carriers and 6 of the 17 LNG carriers under study do not comply with the EEDI requirements.To meet the stringent EEDI requirements,applying thermochemical regenerators(TCRs)fed by main engine exhaust gases is suggested.Mathematical modeling is applied to analyze the characteristics of the combined gas-turbine-electric and diesel-electric power plant with thermochemical recuperation of the exhaust gas heat.Utilizing TCR on gas carriers with engines fueled by syngas produced from boil-off gas(BOG)reduces the carbon content by 35%and provides the energy efficiency required by IMO without the use of other technologies.
基金supported by the National Key Science and Technology Special Project,China (Grant No. 2008ZX01002-002)the grant from the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China (973 Program,No. 2011CB309606)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No. JY10000904009)
文摘In this paper, we have studied hot carrier injection （HCI） different degradations are obtained from the experiment results. under alternant stress. Under different stress modes, The different alternate stresses can reduce or enhance the HC effect, which mainly depends on the latter condition of the stress cycle. In the stress mode A （DC stress with electron injection）, the degradation keeps increasing. In the stress modes B （DC stress and then stress with the smMlest gate injection） and C （DC stress and then stress with hole injection under Vg = 0 V and Vd = 1.8 V）, recovery appears in the second stress period. And in the stress mode D （DC stress and then stress with hole injection under Vg = -1.8 V and Vd = 1.8 V）, as the traps filled in by holes can be smaller or greater than the generated interface states, the continued degradation or recovery in different stress periods can be obtained.
