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Prostate Cancer, Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (CRPC), Radium-223 Dichloride Injection for Bone Metastasized Prostate Cancer
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作者 Chamini Kumari Hemathilaka Wijelath Achchillage Chuanchuan Ren 《Journal of Cancer Therapy》 2023年第11期429-442,共14页
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to discuss the most important facts about prostate cancer, its treatments and efficacy, the type of prostate cancer that does not improve with hormonal therapy (Castration-Resista... Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to discuss the most important facts about prostate cancer, its treatments and efficacy, the type of prostate cancer that does not improve with hormonal therapy (Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer-CRPC), and the recently approved Radium-223 dichloride targeted therapy for CRPC that has metastasized to bones. Prostate cancer is the third most common malignancy diagnosed worldwide and the most common malignant disease in men. Also, the incidence of prostate cancer varies between regions. So it’s important to have a proper understanding of all above points to prevent the further development and spread of cancer and improve the cure rate. Design: The paper begins by discussing what prostate cancer is, the risk factors, clinical manifestations, and the treatments for prostate cancer. It covers the clinical manifestations, pathology, screening (cancer biomarker Prostate Specific Antigen, Digital Rectal Examination—DRE, prostate biopsy, and imaging) and treatments for prostate cancer. The paper then delves into the main treatment methods for prostate cancer, including how Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (CRPC) differs from normal prostate cancer after hormone suppression therapy. Additionally, it discusses the effectiveness of the recently introduced Radium-223 dichloride injection as a radiation-targeted therapy for treating CRPC that has metastasized to bones. This section covers the properties of radium-223 dichloride injection, its pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, absorption and volume of distribution, half-life, metabolism, route of elimination, clearance, toxicity, adverse effects, and mechanism of action at the tumor site. It also discusses preclinical studies related to radium-223 dichloride injection and its effectiveness in treating CRPC patients with bone metastasis. Conclusion: Prostate cancer is a common cancer that can be treated with surgery or hormonal therapy. However, if the cancer progresses despite hormonal therapy, Radium-223 dichloride injection can be used as a radiation target therapy to treat patients with CRPC and symptomatic bone metastases. This treatment kills tumor cells in bones and reduces associated pain with minimal damage to surrounding normal tissue. However, the metastatic disease cannot be cured and can only offer palliation for the patient. Suggestions: Based on the facts, Radium-223 target therapy is effective in treating and providing palliation for cancers. It is suggested to further develop the usage of radiation target therapy and to test the safety and efficacy of more than 6 injections of Radium-223 dichloride and its combination with currently used chemotherapy drugs for bone metastasized CRPC. This paper aims to contribute to future research designs related to cancer therapies using radiation and to design new studies and practical implementations, especially regarding the usage of radium-223 dichloride. 展开更多
关键词 Prostate Cancer castration-resistant Prostate Cancer Radium-223 Dichloride
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Comprehensive treatment for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer with neuroendocrine differentiation:a case report
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作者 Zeng-Feng Han Bin-Xu Sun +5 位作者 Tian-Qi Chen Jin-Ming Liu Jun-Qi Sun Ya-Di Shi Rui-Yu Mou Shan-Qi Guo 《Cancer Advances》 2023年第23期1-5,共5页
Retrospective analysis of the progression of a case of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer with neuroendocrine differentiation:the patient was a 65 year old man with prostate adenocarcinoma on prostate bio... Retrospective analysis of the progression of a case of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer with neuroendocrine differentiation:the patient was a 65 year old man with prostate adenocarcinoma on prostate biopsy,Gleason 4+4 score=8,70%,ISUP4 group,localized invasion of nerves.Progressed to metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer after 8 months of novel endocrine therapy,persistent elevated PSA after endocrine therapy,chemotherapy,and radiation,abdominal metastasis,brain metastasis,gastric metastasis,and staging as neuroendocrine differentiation after second prostate biopsy,which is a highly malignant subtype and has been concerned as a mechanism of resistance to targeted therapies.We discuss how to choose a more optimal treatment plan and outline the patient's diagnostic and therapeutic course.We provide a reflection for the clinical study of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer with neuroendocrine type. 展开更多
关键词 metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer neuroendocrine differentiation neoplasm drug resistance distant metastasis secondary puncture
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Prognostic factors in Chinese patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer treated with docetaxel-based chemotherapy 被引量:8
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作者 Yuan-Yuan 《Asian Journal of Andrology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2013年第1期110-115,共6页
This study aims to evaluate the potential value of patient characteristics in predicting overall survival (OS) in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) treated with docetaxel-based ... This study aims to evaluate the potential value of patient characteristics in predicting overall survival (OS) in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) treated with docetaxel-based thermotherapy. A total of 115 patients with mCRPC undergoing a docetaxel q3w regimen were enrolled in this study. A survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate the prognostic value of all covariates for OS. OS was also analysed after stratifying patients according to the results of multivariate analysis. The median OS for the entire cohort was 17.0 months. The multivariate analysis showed that the prostate-specific antigen doubling time (PSADT), baseline haemoglobin (Hb) concentration, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) concentration, cycles of chemotherapy and time to castration resistance were independent prognostic factors of OS. According to the presence of PSADT 〈46.3 days and baseline ALP/〉 110 IU 1-1, all patients were divided into three risk groups: low-risk group (no risk factors), intermediate-risk group (one risk factor) and high-risk group (two risk factors). Median OSs for patients in low-, intermediate- and high-risk groups were 28.0 months (95% Ch 23.8-32.2), 21.0 months (95% Ch 18.9-23.1) and 11.0 months (95% Ch 7.6-14.4), respectively (P〈O.O01). In conclusion, PSADT, baseline Hb concentration, ALP concentration, cycles of chemotherapy and time to castration resistance were independent prognostic factors of OS in Chinese patients with mCRPC treated with docetaxel. PSADT combined with the baseline ALP concentration could be a useful risk stratification parameter for evaluating survival outcomes. 展开更多
关键词 castration-resistANT DOCETAXEL METASTATIC overall survival prognostic factor prostate cancer
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Androgen synthesis inhibitors in the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer 被引量:3
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作者 Mark N Stein 《Asian Journal of Andrology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2014年第3期387-400,共14页
Suppression of gonadal testosterone synthesis represents the standard first line therapy for treatment of metastatic prostate cancer. However, in the majority of patients who develop castration-resistant prostate canc... Suppression of gonadal testosterone synthesis represents the standard first line therapy for treatment of metastatic prostate cancer. However, in the majority of patients who develop castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), it is possible to detect persistent activation of the androgen receptor (AR) through androgens produced in the adrenal gland or within the tumor itself. Abiraterone acetate was developed as an irreversible inhibitor of the dual functional cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP17 with activity as a 17(^-hydroxylase and 17,20-1yase. CYP17 is necessary for production of nongonadal androgens from cholesterol. Regulatory approval of abiraterone in 2011, based on a phase III trial showing a significant improvement in overall survival (OS) with abiraterone and prednisone versus prednisone, represented proof of principle that targeting AR is essential for improving outcomes in men with CRPC. Inhibition of 17α-hydroxylase by abiraterone results in accumulation of upstream mineralocorticoids due to loss of cortisol-mediated suppression of pituitary adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), providing a rationale for development of CYP17 inhibitors with increased specificity for 17,20-1yase (orteronel, galeterone and VT-464) that can potentially be administered without exogenous corticosteroids. In this article, we review the development of abiraterone and other CYP17 inhibitors; recent studies with abiraterone that inform our understanding of clinical parameters such as drug effects on quality-of-life, potential early predictors of response, and optimal sequencing of abiraterone with respect to other agents; and results of translational studies providing insights into resistance mechanisms to CYP17 inhibitors leading to clinical trials with drug combinations designed to prolong abiraterone benefit or restore abiraterone activity. 展开更多
关键词 androgen synthesis castration-resistant prostate cancer TREATMENT
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Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy of serum predicts sensitivity to docetaxel-based chemotherapy in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer 被引量:1
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作者 Jianian Hu Xiaoguang Shao +6 位作者 Chenfei Chi Yinjie Zhu Zhixiang Xin Jianjun Sha Baijun Dong Jiahua Pan Wei Xue 《Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences》 SCIE EI CAS 2021年第4期82-93,共12页
Docetaxel-based chemotherapy,as the first-line treatment for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer(mCRPC),has succeeded in helping quite a number of patients to improve quality of life and prolong survival t... Docetaxel-based chemotherapy,as the first-line treatment for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer(mCRPC),has succeeded in helping quite a number of patients to improve quality of life and prolong survival time.However,almost half of mCRPC patients are not sensitive to docetaxel chemotherapy initially.This study aimed to establish models to predict sensitivity to docetaxel chemotherapy in patients with mCRPC by using serum surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS).A total of 32 mCPRC patients who underwent docetaxel chemo-therapy at our center from July 2016 to March 2018 were included in this study.Patients were dichotomized in prostate-specific antigen(PSA)response group(n=17)versus PSA failure group(n=15)according to the response to docetaxel.In total 64 matched spectra from 32 mCRPC patients were obtained by using SERS of serum at baseline(q0)and after 1 cycle of docetaxel chemotherapy(ql).Comparing Raman peaks of serum samples at baseline(q0)be-tween two groups,significant differences revealed at the peaks of 638,810,890(p<0.05)and 1136cm^(-1)(p<0.01).The prediction models of peak 1363 cm^(-1)and principal component anal-ysis and linear discriminant analysis(PCA-LDA)based on Raman data were established,re-spectively.The sensitivity and specificity of the prediction models were 71%,80%and 69%,78%through the way of leave-one-out cross-validation.According to the results of five-cross-valida-tion,the PCA-LDA model revealed an accuracy of 0.73 and AUC of 0.83. 展开更多
关键词 surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer DOCETAXEL sensitivity of chemotherapy
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Comparative analysis of the effectiveness of abiraterone before and after docetaxel in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer 被引量:3
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作者 Raji Shameem Muhammad Saad Hamid +1 位作者 Kevin Y Xu Shenhong Wu 《World Journal of Clinical Oncology》 2015年第4期64-72,共9页
AIM: To study the efficacy and safety of abiraterone in patients with and without prior chemotherapy.METHODS: The databases including Pub Med and abstracts presented at the American Society of Clinical Oncology meetin... AIM: To study the efficacy and safety of abiraterone in patients with and without prior chemotherapy.METHODS: The databases including Pub Med and abstracts presented at the American Society of Clinical Oncology meetings up to April 2014 were systematically searched. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials(RCTs) in which abiraterone plus prednisone was compared to placebo plus prednisone in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer(CRPC) patients. The summary incidence, relative risk, hazard ratio and 95%CI were calculated using random or fixed-effects models. Heterogeneity test was performed to test between-study differences in efficacy and toxicity.RESULTS: A total of two phase III RCTs were included in our analysis, with metastatic CPRC patients before(n = 1088) and after chemotherapy(n = 1195). Prior chemotherapy did not significantly alter the effect of abiraterone on overall survival(P = 0.92) and prostatespecific antigen(PSA) progression-free survival(P = 0.13), but reduced its effect on radiographic-prog-ression-free survival(P = 0.04), objective response rate(P < 0.001), and PSA response rate(P < 0.001). Prior chemotherapy significantly increased the specific risk of fluid retention and edema(P < 0.001) and hypokalemia(P < 0.001), but decreased the risk of all-grade hypertension(P < 0.001) attributable to abiraterone. There was no significant difference of cardiac disorders associated with abiraterone between the two settings(P = 0.58). CONCLUSION: Prior chemotherapy may reduce the effectiveness of abiraterone in patients with metastatic CRPC. 展开更多
关键词 ABIRATERONE DOCETAXEL Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer Chemotherapy-naïve Pre-chemotherapy Post-chemotherapy
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The effectiveness of the TAX 327 nomogram in predicting overall survival in Chinese patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer
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作者 Xiao-Jie Bian 《Asian Journal of Andrology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2013年第5期679-684,共6页
Based on the results of TAX 327, a nomogram was developed to predict the overall survival of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) after first-line chemotherapy. The nomogram, however, has not been... Based on the results of TAX 327, a nomogram was developed to predict the overall survival of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) after first-line chemotherapy. The nomogram, however, has not been validated in an independent dataset, especially in a series out of clinical trials. Thus, the objective of the current study was to validate the TAX 327 nomogram in a community setting in China. A total of 146 patients with mCRPC who received first-line chemotherapy (docetaxel or mitoxantrone) were identified. Because clinical trials are limited in China's Mainland, those patients did not receive investigational treatment after the failure of first-line chemotherapy. The predicted overall survival rate was calculated from the TAX 327 nomogram. The validity of the model was assessed with discrimination, calibration and decision curve analysis. The median survival of the cohort was 21 months (docetaxel) and 19 months (mitoxantrone) at last follow-up. The predictive c-index of the TAX 327 nomogram was 0.66 (95% CI: 0.54-0.70). The calibration plot demonstrated that the 2-year survival rate was underestimated by the nomogram. Decision curve analysis showed a net benefit of the nomogram at a threshold probability greater than 30%. In conclusion, the present validation study did not confirm the predictive value of the TAX 327 nomogram in a contemporary community series of men in China, and further studies with a large sample size to develop or validate nomograms for predicting survival and selecting therapies in advanced prostate cancer are necessary. 展开更多
关键词 castration-resistANT CHEMOTHERAPY NOMOGRAM prostate cancer validation studies
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The prognostic factors of effective ketoconazole treatment for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: who can benefit from ketoconazole therapy?
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作者 Guo-Wen Lin Xu-Dong Yao +6 位作者 Ding-Wei Ye Yao Zhu Shi-Lin Zhang Bo Dai Hai-Liang Zhang Yi-]un Shen Chun-Guang Ma 《Asian Journal of Andrology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2012年第5期732-737,共6页
We investigated the prognostic value of some variables of effective ketoconazole treatment for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). In total, 163 patients with mCRPC were eligible, receiving keto... We investigated the prognostic value of some variables of effective ketoconazole treatment for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). In total, 163 patients with mCRPC were eligible, receiving ketoconazole 200-400 mg three times daily with replacement doses of prednisone. Progression-free survival (PFS) was calculated from the beginning of the ketoconazole therapy to the onset of disease progression. The prognostic value of different variables for PFS was assessed by Cox regression analysis. The median PFS was 2.6 months (0.5-8.6 months) for these patients. The serum testosterone level changed during therapy, which decreased when the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) declined; the serum testosterone level increased as the levels of PSA relapsed. The median PFS values for patients associated with different factors were the following: 1.4 and 3.5 months for a nadir PSA of ≥ 0.2 and 〈0.2 ng ml- 1, respectively (hazard rate (HR)=4.767, P〈0.001); 3.1 and 1.6 months for a baseline testosterone of ≥0.1 and 〈0.1 ng m1-1, respectively (HR=2.865, P=0.012); 2.8 and 1.9 months for a baseline haemoglobin of ≥ 120 and 〈120 g 1-1, respectively (HR= 1.605, P〈0.001); and 3.0 and 1.9 months for a PSA doubling time (PSADT) of ≥ 2.0 and 〈2.0 months, respectively (HR= 1.454, P=-0.017). A risk model was constructed according to the four factors that divided patients into three subgroups of low risk (0-1 factors), moderate risk (2 factors) and high risk (3-4 factors) with PFS values of 3.6, 3.0 and 1.4 months, respectively (HR=1.619, P〈0.001). A nadir PSA of ≥0.2 ng m1-1, a baseline testosterone of 〈0.1 ng m1-1, a baseline haemoglobin of 〈 120 g I- 1 and a PSADT of 〈2 months were associated with a poor PFS. This risk model could provide evidence to predict the survival benefit of ketoconazole therapy. 展开更多
关键词 castration-resistant prostate cancer ketoconazole therapy PREDICTOR progression-free survival
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Practice patterns and outcomes of equivocal bone scans for patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer: Results from SEARCH
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作者 Brian T.Hanyok Mary M.Everist +7 位作者 Lauren E.Howard Amanda M.De Hoedt William J.Aronson Matthew R.Cooperberg Christopher J.Kane Christopher L.Amling Martha K.Terris Stephen J.Freedland 《Asian Journal of Urology》 CSCD 2019年第3期242-248,共7页
Objective:To review follow-up imaging after equivocal bone scans in men with castration resistant prostate cancer(CRPC)and examine the characteristics of equivocal bone scans that are associated with positive follow-u... Objective:To review follow-up imaging after equivocal bone scans in men with castration resistant prostate cancer(CRPC)and examine the characteristics of equivocal bone scans that are associated with positive follow-up imaging.Methods:We identified 639 men from five Veterans Affairs Hospitals with a technetium-99m bone scan after CRPC diagnosis,of whom 99(15%)had equivocal scans.Men with equivocal scans were segregated into“high-risk”and“low-risk”subcategories based upon wording in the bone scan report.All follow-up imaging(bone scans,computed tomography[CT],magnetic resonance imaging[MRI],and X-rays)in the 3 months after the equivocal scan were reviewed.Variables were compared between patients with a positive vs.negative follow-up imaging after an equivocal bone scan.Results:Of 99 men with an equivocal bone scan,43(43%)received at least one follow-up imaging test,including 32/82(39%)with low-risk scans and 11/17(65%)with high-risk scans(p=0.052).Of follow-up tests,67%were negative,14%were equivocal,and 19%were positive.Among those who underwent follow-up imaging,3/32(9%)low-risk men had metastases vs.5/11(45%)high-risk men(p=0.015).Conclusion:While 19%of all men who received follow-up imaging had positive follow-up imaging,only 9%of those with a low-risk equivocal bone scan had metastases versus 45%of those with high-risk.These preliminary findings,if confirmed in larger studies,suggest follow-up imaging tests for low-risk equivocal scans can be delayed while high-risk equivocal scans should receive follow-up imaging. 展开更多
关键词 castration-resistant prostate cancer Equivocal test result Bone scan Radiology report Follow-up imaging Neoplasm metastasis
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Nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: Novel agents to treat a lethal disease
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作者 Ivan Henriquez Daniel Spratt +2 位作者 Alfonso Gomez-Iturriaga Oscar Abuchaibe Felipe Counago 《World Journal of Clinical Oncology》 CAS 2021年第1期6-12,共7页
Nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer(nmCRPC)-defined as prostate-specific antigen(PSA)>2 ng/mL,testosterone castration levels<1.7 nm/L,and the absence of metastatic lesions on conventional imaging(... Nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer(nmCRPC)-defined as prostate-specific antigen(PSA)>2 ng/mL,testosterone castration levels<1.7 nm/L,and the absence of metastatic lesions on conventional imaging(computed tomography or bone scan)-has been defined as a lethal disease by the Prostate Cancer Work Group.One-third of patients with prostate cancer who receive androgen deprivation therapy for biochemical recurrence after local treatment will develop CRPC,with death occurring an average of 2.5 years after diagnosis of castration resistance.Most patients diagnosed with nmCRPC are asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic at diagnosis due to local treatment.In patients with short PSA doubling times(<10 mo)and high baseline PSA levels,there is a high risk of bone metastases followed by prostate cancer-related mortality.These patients also present significant morbidity that negatively impacts quality of life(QoL).Recently,the results of three randomized trials(PROSPER,SPARTAN,and ARAMIS)were published.Those trials evaluated the efficacy of three different androgen receptor inhibitors-enzalutamide,apalutamide,and darolutamide-in patients with nmCRPC.In all three trials,the study drugs improved both metastasis-free survival and overall survival compared to placebo,plus on-going androgen deprivation therapy without a negative impact on QoL.In patients with nmCRPC,the most important clinical objective is early detection and treatment to maintain a low tumor burden and to prolong the symptom-free interval.For patients with nmCRPC,these novel drugs offer new hope for better QoL and survival outcomes. 展开更多
关键词 Nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer Prostate cancer Apalutamide Enzalutamide Darolutamide TOXICITY
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Androgen receptor mediated resistance in the progression of castration-resistant prostate cancer
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作者 Rui-Yu Mou Xiao-Jiang Li +7 位作者 Shan-Qi Guo Wen-Jie Li Ming-Xin Wu Xiao-Di Liu Zhang Chang Song Bo Chang Zhang Ying-Jie Jia 《TMR Integrative Medicine》 2019年第23期1-11,共11页
The incidence of prostate cancer has increased year by year in the world.Despite improvements in diagnosis,surgical techniques,and drugs,survival rates of prostate cancer have improved little,and most prostate cancer-... The incidence of prostate cancer has increased year by year in the world.Despite improvements in diagnosis,surgical techniques,and drugs,survival rates of prostate cancer have improved little,and most prostate cancer-related deaths are as a result of castration resistant prostate cancer(CRPC),which progresses and metastasizes after surgical or medical castration.The pathogenesis of CRPC is still unclear.It has been found that the majority of CRPC patients have overexpression of androgen receptors(ARs),and there are many forms of changes in the signaling pathways that intersect with them during he process to CRPC.Micro ribonucleic acid(miRNA)plays an important role in regulating the expression and translation of prostate cancer target genes,and in the life cycle of cell cycle distribution and apoptosis.Relatedly,active changes in miRNA expression are also closely related to androgen.Therefore,the study of AR-related signaling pathways and AR and miRNA-related signaling pathways is of great significance in the treatment of CRPC. 展开更多
关键词 castration-resistANT PROSTATE CANCER ANDROGEN RECEPTOR MiRNA Mechanism study
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End points of clinical trials in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer:A systematic review
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作者 Giuseppe Colloca Antonella Venturino Ilaria Governato 《World Journal of Methodology》 2014年第2期123-132,共10页
AIM:To review the definition and performance of the commonly used end points in trials of systemic therapies in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer patients. METHODS: A literature search was undertaken on ... AIM:To review the definition and performance of the commonly used end points in trials of systemic therapies in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer patients. METHODS: A literature search was undertaken on Pub Med database to identify studies meeting established criteria, with the aim of selecting randomized clinical trials and study definition and performance of their end points. The end points were grouped into three categories: overall survival(OS), time-to-event end points, and response end points. A special analysis was performed for secondary end points of the studies which documented a benefit in OS in the experimental arm. Finally, publishes analyses for surrogacy of the included end points were also reported.RESULTS: OS, time-to-event and response end points in 31 selected trials were analyzed. OS was the primary end point in 14 trials, and the secondary end point in 17. A time-to-event end point was the primaryend point in 8 studies, and the secondary end point in 22; the most reported time-to-event end points were composite end points, and the events changed among trials. A response end point was the primary end point in 9 studies, in 3 it was prostate-specific antigen(PSA)-related, in 3 pain-related and in 3 mixed. A response end point was the secondary end point in 19 studies: PSA response and radiologic response were the most frequently used secondary end points in 19 and 11 trials, respectively, while pain response was used in 5 studies. 展开更多
关键词 METASTATIC castration-resistANT PROSTATE cancer End points Progression-free survival Prostate-specifc ANTIGEN Chemotherapy PALLIATIVE response
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Radiotherapy of Oligoprogressive Lesions in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: Impact on Second-Generation Hormone Therapy
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作者 Kanta Ka Papa Macoumba Gaye +6 位作者 Awa Sadikh Badiane Ibrahima Thiam Mouhamadou Bachir Ba Papa Massamba Diene Maimouna Mané Lamine Niang Fatou Samba Ndiaye 《Journal of Cancer Therapy》 2021年第5期302-310,共9页
<strong>Background:</strong><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> The therapeutic standard for oligoprogressive prostate cancer resistant to c... <strong>Background:</strong><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> The therapeutic standard for oligoprogressive prostate cancer resistant to castration is second-generation hormone therapy. This systemic treatment is expensive. There are oligoprogressive lesions accessible to radiotherapy. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Objectives:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> To study the impact of radiotherapy of oligoprogressive </span><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">lesions on the implementation of second generation hormone therapy. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Pa</span></b></span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">t</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ients and Methods:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> A retrospective study from 2012 to 2020 was carried</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> out. All patients with oligoprogressive prostate cancer who had received radiotherapy on one or more lesions in progression were collated. Survival was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 8 patients were treated with stereotactic and conformational radiotherapy between August 2012 and August 2020 in the context of oligoprogressive prostate cancer resistant to castration. The median age at diagnosis of oligoprogression was 73 years with a median PSA level of 3.11 ng/ml. Nine lesions were diagnosed with PET scan PSMA. All the lesions were treated by radiotherapy with different regimens. After a median follow-up of 12.5 months, 7 patients showed a biochemical response to treatment with a median decrease in PSA of 67%. The median survival without clinical or biochemical progression was 7 months. The median survival without the need for further systemic treatment was 9 months. During the follow-up period, six patients received second-generation hormone therapy to treat their relapse, and the other two showed no clinical or biochemical relapse. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Radiotherapy may be an alternative to delay the introduction of difficult-to-access second-generation hormone therapy in developing countries. A prospective study could validate this therapeutic approach.</span></span> 展开更多
关键词 Ablative Radiotherapy Hormone Therapy Oligometastasis PROSTATE castration-resistant Cancer
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IL-6/IL-6R as a potential key signaling pathway in prostate cancer development 被引量:12
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作者 Andreia Azevedo Virginia Cunha +1 位作者 Ana Luisa Teixeira Rui Medeiros 《World Journal of Clinical Oncology》 CAS 2011年第12期384-396,共13页
Interleukin-6(IL-6)is a pleiotropic cytokine involved in prostate regulation and in prostate cancer(PC)development/progression.IL-6 acts as a paracrine and autocrine growth stimulator in benign and tumor prostate cell... Interleukin-6(IL-6)is a pleiotropic cytokine involved in prostate regulation and in prostate cancer(PC)development/progression.IL-6 acts as a paracrine and autocrine growth stimulator in benign and tumor prostate cells.The levels of IL-6 and respective receptors are increased during prostate carcinogenesis and tumor progression.Several studies reported that increased serum and plasma IL-6 and soluble interleukin-6 receptor levels are associated with aggressiveness of the disease and are associated with a poor prognosis in PC patients.In PC treatment,patients diagnosed with advanced stages are frequently submitted to hormonal castration,although most patients will eventually fail this therapy and die from recurrent castration-resistant prostate cancer(CRPC).Therefore,it is important to understand the mechanisms involved in CRPC.Several pathways have been proposed to be involved in CRPC development,and their understanding will improve the way to more effective therapies.In fact,the prostate is known to be dependent,not exclusively,on androgens,but also on growth factors and cytokines.The signaling pathway mediated by IL-6 may be an alternative pathway in the CRPC phenotype acquisition and cancer progression,under androgen deprivation conditions.The principal goal of this review is to evaluate the role of IL-6 pathway signaling in human PC development and progression and discuss the interaction of this pathway with the androgen recepto pathway.Furthermore,we intend to evaluate the inclusion of IL-6 and its receptor levels as a putative new class of tumor biomarkers.The IL-6/IL-6R signaling pathway may be included as a putative molecular marker for aggressiveness in PC and it may be able to maintain tumor growth through the AR pathway under androgen-deprivation conditions.The importance of the IL-6/IL-6R pathway in regulation of PC cells makes it a good candidate for targeted therapy. 展开更多
关键词 Androgen RECEPTOR castration-resistANT PROSTATE CANCER HORMONAL CASTRATION Inteuleukin-6 Inteuleukin-6 RECEPTOR PROSTATE CANCER Tumor biomarker
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A rare case of isolated castrate resistant bilateral testicular metastases in advanced prostate cancer 被引量:2
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作者 Jiarui Su Edwin Jonathan Aslim +2 位作者 Hakan Aydin Puay Hoon Tan Henry Sun Sien Ho 《Asian Journal of Urology》 2018年第2期127-130,共4页
Testicular metastasis is rare with the prostate being the most common site of primary cancer.We report a case of a 72-year-old man with castration-resistant prostate cancer(CRPC)and known metastases to bone and lymph ... Testicular metastasis is rare with the prostate being the most common site of primary cancer.We report a case of a 72-year-old man with castration-resistant prostate cancer(CRPC)and known metastases to bone and lymph nodes,who developed bilateral painful swollen testes 3 years after the initial diagnosis of prostate cancer.He had first presented with lower urinary tract symptoms(LUTS)with suspicious findings on digital rectal examination of the prostate,and an elevated serum prostate specific antigen(PSA)level of 129 ng/mL.Transrectal prostate biopsy revealed Gleason 4þ5 adenocarcinoma.Radiological staging showed locally advanced prostate cancer with extensive metastases to bone and pelvic and retroperitoneal lymph nodes.He was given hormonal therapy for over 2 years until progression to CRPC.Six months later he developed painful bilateral testicular swellings,and serum markers for testicular germ cell cancer were normal.Bilateral orchiectomy was performed,showing metastatic prostate cancer(Gleason 4þ5)on histology.One month postoperatively his PSA level dropped to 0.1 ng/mL from a presurgery level of 6.24 ng/mL. 展开更多
关键词 castration-resistant prostate cancer METASTASES Testicular tumor ORCHIECTOMY
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Novel anti-androgen receptor signaling agents:Understanding the mechanisms of resistance 被引量:2
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作者 Styliani Karanika Theodoros Karantanos +2 位作者 Jianhua Yin Likun Li Timothy C.Thompson 《Asian Journal of Urology》 2014年第1期30-39,共10页
Prostate cancer remains an intractable threat to the lives of men worldwide.Although deaths from prostate cancer(PCa)in the United States have declined in recent years,in other parts of the world Pca mortality is incr... Prostate cancer remains an intractable threat to the lives of men worldwide.Although deaths from prostate cancer(PCa)in the United States have declined in recent years,in other parts of the world Pca mortality is increasing.The introduction of 2nd generation antiandrogen receptor agents into the therapeutic armamentarium for metastatic castrationresistant prostate cancer(mCRPC)has resulted in modestly increased survival advantages as demonstrated by initial clinical trials.However,analysis of the molecular pathways affected by these agents may lead to new insight into mechanisms of resistance that drive mCRPC,including proliferation and survival signaling pathways that are derepressed by maximum repression of androgen signaling.Combination therapies that involve anti-AR signaling agents together with agents that target these pathways establish a paradigm for the development of more effective treatment of mCRPC.In this review,we briefly summarize the current clinical trial literature with regard to novel anti-AR signaling agents such as abiraterone acetate and enzalutamide.We discuss observational data that point to mechanisms of resistance that emerged from these studies.We further present and discuss recent experimental studies that address the mechanisms of resistance to these treatments.Finally,we discuss novel and rational therapeutic approaches,including combination therapy,for patients with mCRPC. 展开更多
关键词 Prostate cancer castration-resistant prostate cancer Anti-androgen receptor agents Combination therapies
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Radium-223 in metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer 被引量:1
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作者 Winston Vuong Oliver Sartor Sumanta K Pal 《Asian Journal of Andrology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2014年第3期348-353,共6页
In 2004, docetaxel was approved for the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). For the next several years, there was a lull in drug approvals. However, from 2010 onwards, 5 additional ... In 2004, docetaxel was approved for the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). For the next several years, there was a lull in drug approvals. However, from 2010 onwards, 5 additional therapies have been approved on the basis of showing a survival benefit in phase III studies. These agents include sipuleuceI-T, cabazitaxel, abiraterone, enzalutamide and (most recently) radium-223. Amongst radiopharmaceuticals currently used for advanced prostate cancer (e.g. samarium-153 and strontium-89), radium-223 possesses several unique properties. As an alpha-emitting compound, the agent produces a high-energy output over a short range, facilitating selective destruction of tissue within the bone in the region of osteoblastic lesions while sparing surrounding normal tissue. The current review will outline biological rationale for radium-223 and also provide an overview of preclinical and clinical development of the agent. Rational sequencing of radium-223 and combinations, in the increasingly complex landscape of mCRPC will be discussed, along with factors influencing clinical implementation. 展开更多
关键词 alpharadin bone metastases metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS radium-223 Xofigo
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Regulation of androgen receptor variants in prostate cancer 被引量:1
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作者 Yezi Zhu Jun Luo 《Asian Journal of Urology》 CSCD 2020年第3期251-257,共7页
Aberrant activation of androgen receptor(AR)signaling occurs in patients treated with AR-targeted therapies,contributing to the development of castration-resistant prostate cancer(CRPC)and therapeutic resistance.Over ... Aberrant activation of androgen receptor(AR)signaling occurs in patients treated with AR-targeted therapies,contributing to the development of castration-resistant prostate cancer(CRPC)and therapeutic resistance.Over the past decade,many AR variants(AR-Vs)have been identified in prostate cancer cell lines and clinical CRPC specimens.These AR-Vs lack the COOH-terminal ligand-binding domain(LBD),and may mediate constitutively active AR signaling acquired following AR-targeting therapies.AR splice variant-7(AR-V7),one of the most well characterized AR-Vs,can be reliably measured in tissue and liquid biopsy specimens,and blood-based detection of AR-V7 is a reliable indicator of poor outcome to relatively novel hormonal therapies(NHT)such as abiraterone and enzalutamide in men with metastatic CRPC(mCRPC).Given the important clinical implication of AR-Vs,this short review will focus on studies addressing how AR-Vs are regulated in prostate cancer.With regard to the molecular origin of AR-Vs,it is established that expression of AR-Vs is highly correlated with androgen deprivation and suppression of AR signaling.Therapeutic targeting of the AR axis may result in active transcription of the AR gene,elevated activities of certain components of the mRNA splicing machinery,as well as AR genomic alterations,all of which may explain the molecular origin of AR-Vs.Although a unified hypothesis is currently lacking,existing data suggest that elevated expression of AR-Vs,which in general occurs quite specifically in a cellular environment where the canonical AR signaling is suppressed,is driven by both genomic and epigenomic features acquired in the development of CRPC. 展开更多
关键词 Androgen receptor Androgen receptor splice variant-7 castration-resistant prostate cancer
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Microwave triggered multifunctional nanoplatform for targeted photothermal-chemotherapy in castration-resistant prostate cancer 被引量:2
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作者 Pengyuan Liu Yajun Wu +11 位作者 Xiaogang Xu Xudong Fan Chuan Sun Xiaojie Chen Jindan Xia Shiting Bai Li Qu Huasong Lu Jing Wu Jun Chen Ji-Gang Piao Zhibing Wu 《Nano Research》 SCIE EI CSCD 2023年第7期9688-9700,共13页
Lacking a precise targeting strategy,castration-resistant prostate cancer(CRPC)is still hard to be treat effectively.Exploring treatment options that can accurately target CPRC is an important issue with urgent need.I... Lacking a precise targeting strategy,castration-resistant prostate cancer(CRPC)is still hard to be treat effectively.Exploring treatment options that can accurately target CPRC is an important issue with urgent need.In this study,a novel nanotechnologybased strategy had been developed for the precise target treatment of CRPC.By combining microwaves and photothermal therapy(PTT),this nanoplatform,cmHSP70-PL-AuNC-DOX,targets tumor tissues with outstanding precision and achieves better anti-tumor activity by simultaneously eliciting photothermal and chemotherapeutic effects.From nanotechnology,cmHSP70-modified and thermo-sensitive liposome-coated AuNC-DOX were prepared and used for CRPC-targeted photothermal ablation and chemotherapy.Doxorubicin(DOX)was selected as the chemotherapeutic agent for cytotoxicity.In terms of the curative scheme,prostate tissues were firstly pre-treated with microwaves to induce the expression of heat shock protein 70(HSP70)and its migration to the cell membrane,which was then targeted by HSP70 antibody(cmHSP70)coated on the nanoparticles to achieve accurate drug delivery.The nanoplatform then achieved precise ablation and controlled release of DOX under external near-infrared(NIR)irradiation.Through the implementation,the targeting,cell killing,and safety of this therapeutical strategy had been verified in vivo and in vitro.This work establishes an accurate,controllable,efficient,non-invasive,and safe treatment platform for targeting CRPC,provides a rational design for CRPC’s PTT,and offers new prospects for nanomedicines with great precision. 展开更多
关键词 castration-resistant prostate cancer gold nanocage heat shock protein 70 targeted drug delivery photothermalchemotherapy
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Early prostate specific antigen decline and its velocity are independent predictive factors for outcomes of mCRPC patients treated with abiraterone acetate
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作者 Jiang-Yi Wang Guo-Peng Yu +2 位作者 Long Li Guo-Wen Lin Ding-Wei Ye 《Military Medical Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2022年第6期754-756,共3页
Dear Editor,Although the incidence of prostate cancer(PCa) has decreased in recent decades in Western countries, it has gradually increased in China due to the increasingly longer life expectancy and more popular west... Dear Editor,Although the incidence of prostate cancer(PCa) has decreased in recent decades in Western countries, it has gradually increased in China due to the increasingly longer life expectancy and more popular westernized diet[1]. 展开更多
关键词 Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer PSA decline PSA velocity Overall survival Time to PSA progression
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