Preparation, morphology and mechanical properties of acrylate-modified polyurethane/unsaturated polyester resin graft-IPNs

Acrylate modified polyurethane resin was first synthesized, and interpenetrated with unsaturated polyester resin to form IPNs and gradient IPNs which cured at room temperature. The polymerization process was traced by an IR spectroscopy technique and the simultaneous interpenetrating techniques were determined. The morphology of these IPNs were estimated by TMA and TEM methods. The results indicated that large amount of interpenetrating and entanglement make T g linked up effectively, and domains between two phases can be in nanometre ranges, which changed with composition ratios. The mechanical properties results showed that IPNs varied from elastomeric to plastic materials. It was noteworthy that, with the introduction of modified groups and the formation of graft construction in IPNs, the miscibility in the systems was improved a lot. These further led to the improved mechanical properties of IPNs with elastomer reinforced and plasticizer toughened as well. The reinforced miscibility between the networks can apparently change mechanical property especially for the gradient ones when the materials are elongated.

Morphologies and Mechanical Properties of Unsaturated Polyester Resin Modified with TDI

The morphology, mechanical properties of unsaturated polyester（UP） resin modified with TDI were studied via dynamic FT-1R spectra, SEM, DMA and mechanical property testing. Results show that companying with the cured cross-linking reaction of UP resin, TDI can firstly react with UP and produce polyurethane（PU）, and then UP and PU form the cross-linking nets together. The impact fracture section morphology of modified UP resin manifested the typical sea- islands structure. Testing of mechanical properties showes that for introducing of PU, the TDI has an obvious effect on the toughness and strength of UP resin. When the ratio of TDI/UP （w/w） was 7.5%, the modified UP resin exhibited the best mechanical properties with flexural strength of 125 MPa, impact strength of 18 kJ·m^-2 and tensile strength of 72 MPa.

Silicone Modified Polyesters Vulcanizable at Room Temperature for Anti-corrosion Coatings on Tinplate

Trimethoxysilyl Polyester(TMOS-PET)was prepared via hydrosilylation of trimethylsilane with acryl-terminated polyester.Copolymerization of TMOS-PET with trimethylmethoxysilane,tetramethoxysilane,and/or dimethyldimethoxysilane give silicone modified polyesters(Si-PET)containing=(SiO_(2))=,-(CH_(3)SiO_(3/2))=,and/or-((CH_(3))_(2)SiO)-units.Coatings from Si-PET were formed on tinplate surface via room temperature vulcanization with applicable curing time(the quickest tact free time and completely drying time are 2 h and 15 h,respectively).Mechanical properties,thermal stability,chemical resistance,and anti-corrosion of coatings were detected.Although the flexibility of the coatings were lowered by=(SiO_(2))=and-(CH_(3)SiO_(3/2))=units,adhesion and thermal stability of coatings were both improved.On the contrary,(CH_(3))_(2)SiOunits seem to improve the flexibility,while decrease the adhesive force for less crosslink points.Generally,the silicone modified polyesters act as an effective shielding for tinplate.According to electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS),the electric resistance of coatings(Rc)were improved about 25 times and open circuit potential(OCP)increased about 0.10 V compared to the control.The chemical resistance and anti-corrosion of the coatings were decreased slightly after=(SiO_(2))=and-(CH_(3)SiO_(3/2))=units were added,but they could be greatly improved by-(CH_(3)SiO_(3/2))=units.Specially,after adding-(CH_(3)SiO_(3/2))=units,coatings give doubled Rc,and its OCP is about 0.20 V higher than the control.

Healthy Functions and Mechanisms of Bamboo-Charcoal Modified Polyesters

In this paper, healthy functions and mechanisms of bamboo-charcoal modified polyesters are studied. The results show that there are five healthy functions incorporated effectively in bamboo-charcoal modified polyesters, such as good far-infrared radiation, good UV protection, certain negative ion emission, certain antibacteria and good absorption functions. The metal elements and carburets are mainly responsible for far-infrared, negative ion emission functions. UV prevent/on function results mainly from the carbon elements. The absorbability and bacteriostasis functions lie in the porous structures.

STUDY ON THE PROPERTIES OF ACID-MODIFIED MULTIFUNCTION COPOLYESTER FIBRE

Applying conventional analytical methods,the following results have been found:the satura-tion value of acid--modified multifunction copolyest fibre( acid-modified polyester fibre)is1.74,then this kind of fibre is good for being dyed medium and light colours with cationicdyes;its level of erystalization is lower than of PET fibre;the third monomer(SIPM)con-tent in the fibre will be reduced by about 8% by the "alkali treatment"in dyeing and finishingprocess:through measuring and analysing the dye-up-take curves of time and temperature ofdyeing the fibre with cationic dyes,we indicate the key factors in dyeing are the 100℃ dyeingtemperature and the time for heat preservation;moveover,adding sodium sulphate will help leveldyeing but lower the dye-uptake.

PROPERTIES AND MORPHOLOGY OF UNSATURATED POLYESTER/ACRYLATE-TERMINATED POLYURETHANE/ORGANO-MONTMORILLONITE NANOCOMPOSITES

Unsaturated polyester resin （UPR）/acrylate-terminated polyurethane （ATPU）/organo-modified montmorillonite （OMMT） nanocomposites were prepared by the in situ intercalative polymerization method. Samples were prepared by the sequential mixing, i.e. mixture of the ATPU and styrene （S） and OMMT were prepared in the first step; UPR was then added to the pre-intercalates of ATPU/S/OMMT. Results indicate that the mechanical properties and thermal properties of UPR/ATPU/OMMT nanocomposites greatly depend on the amount of ATPU and OMMT. Results show that the addition of ATPU could increase the impact strength of UPR/ATPU composites, but the tensile strength, flexural strength and heat resistance of the materials are obviously decreased. When the weight ratio between UPR, ATPU and OMMT were 82：15：3, the impact strength and heat distortion-temperature of nanocomposite were greatly improved, meanwhile there was little change for other properties of the nanocomposites. The synergistic enhancement effects of ATPU and OMMT on the composites were observed. The structures and morphology of the composites were investigated by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy.

Atmospheric-pressure Air Plasma Treatment of Polyester Fabrics for Inkjet Printing with Pigment Inks

Without any preprocessing,polyester fabric has lower ability to hold on water and inks due to the smooth morphology of polyester fibers. Therefore, patterns directly printed with pigment inks have poor color yields and bleed easily. Pretreatments of polyester fabric were carried out with atmospheric air plasma under different experimental conditions. After plasma treatment the samples were printed with magenta pigment ink. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses indicated that the enhanced color performance was mainly contributed by not only the etching effect but also oxygen-containing polar groups induced onto fiber surfaces through plasma treatment. Thereby the surface modification of polyester fabrics using atmospheric-pressure air plasma offers a potential way to fabric pretreatment for pigment inkjet printing with the advantages of environmental friendly and energy saving over traditional pretreatment methods.

Synthesis and Application of Easy Hydrolysis Degradable Polyester

An easy hydrolysis degradable polyester (EHDP) is synthesized; the fiber produced from which can be hydrolyzed by dilute basic solution easily. The properties of these kind polyesters are measured. The results show that this kind polymer is suitable to be spun into filament The EHDP can be spun into staple fiber and manufactured into non-woven fabric. This fabric is used as disposable clothes. In composite spinning, the PET (polyethylen glycol terephthalate) or PA (polyamide) is used as continuous phase, and EHDP used as dispersed phase. Then the fabric of this kind fiber is treated by basic solution; the ultra-fine fiber fabric is obtained.The fineness of the fiber is about 0.045 dtex. In blend spinning, EHDP is mixed with polypropylene (PP) to produce hollow fiber with micro-holes in radical direction. This fiber is a usable material in filter especially in medical use.

STUDIES ON THE PROPERTIES OF SILKLIKE BLEND POLYESTER FIBRES

The dyeability, the moisture absorption and the antielectrostatic properties of the mod-ified PET fibre, which is make from COPEET/PET blend are improved greatly.If additional agent is added, the physical-mechanical properties of the modified PETfiber are more similar to silk fibre and its sureface is made into microcrater.Therefore, it is a new type of silklike fibre.In this paper we made a systematic study on the miscibility, the crystallizability and thespimnability of CDPEET / PET blend, which provides a theoretical basis for determiningthe spinning parameters and raising the quality of fibre.

喷气涡流纺长片段竹节段彩纱的设计与生产

探讨有色超短纤维在喷气涡流纺花式纱开发中的应用及生产要点。采用有色粘胶超短纤维与本色竹浆纤维、椰炭改性涤纶纤维,在并条机上加装竹节装置,利用喷气涡流纺纱技术纺制成长片段竹节段彩纱。针对粘胶纤维长度相对较短的特点,工艺上尝试采用短流程、减小隔距、降低打击件速度等技术措施。结果表明:开发的喷气涡流纺段彩纱具有段彩片段长、生产效率高的特点,其在布面上色点朦胧,时而形成连续分布,时而散点分布,形成不同于传统段彩纱的独特风格。

基于改性逆向热致相分离法聚砜微孔膜的制备与性能

针对逆向热致相分离法(RTIPS)制备聚砜(PSF)微孔膜成膜体系稳定性较差的问题,首先对亲水性的端羟基型超支化聚酯(HBPE)进行封端,然后以PSF为膜材料,通过添加亲水剂封端HBPE构建四元低临界共溶温度(LCST)成膜体系PSF/HBPE/N,N-二甲基乙酰胺/聚乙二醇400,采用改性逆向热致相分离法(m-RTIPS)一步制备了亲水性PSF微孔膜。对封端HBPE进行了结构分析和分子量测试,分析了HBPE的封端率对四元成膜体系浊点和黏度的影响,研究了HBPE的封端率对PSF微孔膜的形貌、渗透性、亲水性、抗污染性和力学性能的影响。结果表明,成功对HBPE进行了封端,封端后HBPE的分子量增加;成膜体系的浊点和黏度随HBPE封端率的升高而增大,但黏度上升的幅度较小;3种添加不同封端率HBPE的PSF微孔膜的纯水通量、截留率、亲水性和力学性能都优于纯PSF微孔膜;随HBPE封端率的增加,膜的纯水通量下降,但截留率差别很小。当HBPE封端率为30%时,PSF膜纯水通量恢复率达88%,抗污染性最佳。添加不同封端率HBPE都可制得表面多孔的膜,当HBPE封端率为50%时,PSF膜具有全双连续结构的形貌,其拉伸强度、拉伸弹性模量和断裂伸长率分别为4.86,143.92 MPa和22.68%,综合力学性能优异。

Effects of different modifiers on the properties of wood-polymer composites

Wood-polymer composites (WPC) were prepared from wood fiber and four kinds of plastics such as PE, PS, ABS, and SAN. The effects of different modifiers on the mechanical properties of the composites were studied. The results showed modifiers could raise the bonding strength of wood fiber with polymer and improve the mechanical properties of the composites. Different modifiers had different effects on the properties of wood-polymer composites, and comparatively the modifier of isocyanate produced a better result. Wood-polymer composite takes not only the advantages of both wood fiber and polymer, but waterproof, dimensional stability and dynamic strength are also significantly improved. Key word Wood fiber - Thermoplastic polyester - Wood-polymer composites - Modifier - Mechanical properties CLC number TB332 Document code A Foundation item: This study was supported by the Harbin Technology Tackle Key Plan (Development Research of Wood-Polymer Composites with High Wood Matrix) and by Heilongjing Nature Science Fund (Composite Mechanism Study of the Wood Polymer).Biography: XU Min (1963-), Female, Associate professor in Material Science and Engineering College, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, P. R. China.Responsible editor: Chai Ruihai

改性聚酯纤维对机场水泥混凝土的增韧阻裂效果分析

为增强机场水泥混凝土的韧性,提升道面结构的抗开裂能力,制备了聚酯纤维(FC)、聚乙烯醇纤维(PVA)和聚丙烯粗纤维(PP)混凝土。以砂率、FC纤维掺量和减水剂掺量为影响因素,28 d抗折强度为响应值,采用响应面法确定了FC纤维混凝土的最佳配比。采用三点弯曲韧性试验和三点弯曲断裂试验,分析了纤维的增韧阻裂机理。结果表明:砂率、FC纤维掺量和减水剂掺量之间存在交互作用,三者对混凝土28 d抗折强度的影响程度排序为FC纤维掺量>减水剂掺量>砂率,最佳配比为砂率34%、FC纤维掺量1.4 kg/m^(3)、减水剂掺量2%。三种纤维P-δ曲线拐点处的荷载峰值和挠度显著提高,拐点尖锐程度下降。相较于素混凝土,FC、PVA和PP纤维混凝土的断裂韧性分别提高了125.8%、118.4%和87.1%,起裂韧度分别提升了38.7%、33.9%和25.2%,断裂韧度分别提升了87.1%、73.2%和55.6%。此外,FC、PVA和PP纤维混凝土开裂过程中所需的断裂能分别提升了216.2%、193.2%和162.9%。结合能量平衡理论,纤维通过能量传递的方式在混凝土中起到增韧阻裂作用,FC纤维的增韧阻裂效果相对显著。

阳离子改性涤纶/腈纶同色性能研究

迭代涤纶(ITER-C)/腈纶一浴染色容易出现色差。测定单组分纤维上染曲线,讨论两种纤维同浴染色的可行性。测试染色温度、pH对两种纤维一浴染色性能的影响。测定两种纤维一浴染色的上染曲线和提升力曲线,进一步探讨了阳离子染料对两种纤维一浴染色的染色效果。结果表明:ITER-C在50℃、腈纶在70℃时,上染率快速上升,100℃后逐渐稳定;ITER-C/腈纶一浴染色时,优化染色温度为105℃、优化染色pH为4.5,阳离子染料在ITER-C上的上染率高于腈纶,染料用量低于4%(omf)时,染料用量越高,纤维同色性越好。

交联型氟硅改性聚丙烯酸酯乳胶及其在涤纶织物染色中的应用研究

为提高涤纶织物分散染料免水洗热熔染色织物的染色性能,以甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)和丙烯酸异辛酯(2-EHA)为聚合单体,以甲基丙烯酸三氟乙酯(3FMA)和侧链乙烯基聚硅氧烷(PDViS)为改性剂,以烯丙基聚氧乙烯醚(F-6)和烯烃氧基磺酸盐(DNS-86)为乳化剂,通过细乳液聚合法,制备了交联型氟硅改性聚丙烯酸酯(PDViS-HPFA)乳胶,通过XPS、EDS和WAC等手段表征PDViS-HPFA胶膜的表面化学组成和性能,并将乳胶应用于涤纶织物分散染料免水洗热熔染色中;探究PDViS-HPFA乳胶质量分数、焙烘温度和焙烘时间对染色织物K/S值和耐摩擦色牢度的影响,并优化了染色工艺条件。结果表明:PDViS-HPFA胶膜表面富集了氟硅元素,且沿胶膜由内向外逐渐增加,PDViS-HPFA胶膜的接触角为103.2°,吸水率为5.21%,具有较强的疏水性;在PDViS-HPFA乳胶质量分数为7%、焙烘温度为200℃、焙烘时间为3 min的轧染工艺条件下,染色织物的K/S值高达16.442,耐干湿摩擦色牢度分别为4~5级和4级,防泳移达5级,高于同类改性聚丙烯酸酯乳胶。该文采用3FMA和PDViS协同改性聚丙烯酸酯乳胶,有效提升了染色织物得色量、色牢度和染色均匀性,为提高涤纶分散染料免水洗热熔染色性能提供参考。

苯并[a]吩恶嗪基功能染料制备及其在改性涤纶织物上的应用

为通过简单的方法赋予阳离子可染改性涤纶织物功能性,合成了新型光功能性苯并[a]吩恶嗪基阳离子染料,将其应用于阳离子可染改性涤纶织物的染色,使染色织物兼具功能性。首先合成了5-二乙氨基-2-亚硝基苯酚盐酸盐中间体,进一步与盐酸萘乙二胺或N-丙基-1-萘胺经亲核取代反应,制备了5-乙二氨基-9-(二乙氨基)苯并[a]吩恶嗪氯化铵(N1)和5-丙氨基-9-(二乙氨基)苯并[a]吩恶嗪氯化铵(N2)2种染料。选取5-氨基-9-(二乙氨基)苯并[a]吩恶嗪硫酸铵(硫酸耐尔蓝,N3)作对比,探究3种染料的光物理化学性质及其对阳离子可染改性涤纶织物的染色性能,研究染色织物的荧光和光动力性能。结果表明:分子末端为丙氨基的染料N2对织物的上染率极高(99.65%),染色织物具有较好的匀染性,呈现强红色荧光,且各项色牢度均达到4~5级;3种染料染色织物均具有光驱动活性氧产生能力。

间苯型不饱和聚酯树脂改性沥青桥面铺装研究

为提高桥面铺装层的抗裂性,同时减少坑槽等水损害病害的发生,本文开发了一种不饱和聚酯树脂(以下英文简称UP)改性沥青桥面铺装材料,并对其配比和性能进行研究。通过粘度、动态剪切流变(DSR)和拉伸试验确定最佳UP改性沥青材料配比,对改性沥青流变性能和拉伸性能进行测试,并对UP改性沥青桥面铺装材料进行路用性能对比评估。研究结果表明,UP改性沥青具有良好的高温流变性,明显优于SBS改性沥青,且UP改性沥青与环氧改性沥青相比,具有更好的柔韧性,且价格便宜,其成本仅为环氧沥青的57%。此外,经测试,UP改性沥青桥面铺装材料的抗拉性能、高温稳定性也明显优于SBS改性沥青混合料,且与环氧沥青混合料相比,具有更好的低温抗裂性与水稳定性。

超柔软再生涤氨花灰针织面料开发

采用110 dtex/144 f环保再生涤纶和改性涤纶混纺纱,与44 dtex氨纶丝在28针/25.4 mm单面针织大圆机上编织,经过染色、双面特殊磨毛抓毛工艺进行处理,最终得到一款具有超柔软手感的涤氨花灰色针织面料,同时对织造、染色、后整理过程中的关键工艺进行分析总结,并对色差、色牢度、手感、钩纱、抗菌性能等进行测试。结果表明,所开发出来的面料花灰色效果均匀,色泽鲜艳,色牢度佳;手感柔软,舒适,抗钩纱、抗起毛起球等级好,同时具有良好的弹性和回弹,抗菌性能优异,可广泛用于内衣、瑜伽服、运动服等产品。

氟硅改性聚丙烯酸酯乳液的合成及性能

向聚丙烯酸酯乳液中掺杂氟硅功能单体,合成了氟硅改性聚丙烯酸酯乳液,并对其整理涤纶织物的疏水效果进行了评价,采用FTIR、DSC和XPS等方法对其进行表征。结果表明:氟硅改性聚丙烯酸酯乳液表现出良好的储存稳定性,最大粒径密度出现在115 nm;整理后涤纶织物具备超疏水性能,静态水接触角为152.3°,滚动水接触角为9.1°,且水洗30次后仍具有疏水性能,透气性和透湿性等服用性能变化不大。

PHBV改性涤纶染色棉喷气涡流混纺纱的开发

为实现低碳环保功能性色纺涡流纱的制备,将PHBV改性涤纶、冷轧堆染色棉纤维和普通涤纶混纺,通过两次纤维包混提高纤维的混和均匀度;开清棉工序遵循“勤抓少抓,多松少打,轻梳少落,充分混和,少伤纤维”的工艺原则,梳棉工序遵循“适中定量,加强分梳,柔性梳理,中等隔距,快速转移”的工艺原则,以改善生条质量;选用三道并条工序,采用“轻定量,多并合,中隔距,慢速度,合理牵伸分配”的工艺原则,以提升熟条质量;喷气涡流纺工序根据原料特性,合理设置纺纱速度、喷嘴气压等工艺参数;同时严格控制生产各环节车间的温湿度,减少生产质量波动。最终成功纺出涤纶/棉/PHBV改性涤纶50/35/1519.7 tex喷气涡流纺色纺纱,色纺纱表现出优异的力学性能和良好的抗菌抑菌功能,断裂强度达到18.55 cN/tex,对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌率达到97.29%,对大肠杆菌的抑菌率达到98.42%。