The Cause and Weather Circulation Features of Chilling Damage in Yuxi

[Objective] The aim was to study the reasons of low temperature and characteristics of weather in Yuxi City.[Method] The reasons of low temperature in Yuxi City were expounded.The types of low temperature and their influences on agricultural crops were introduced.The route of cold air and the typical circulation characteristics of low temperature were analyzed.[Result] The low temperature in Yuxi City was formed because of the influence of its topography and climate.The low temperature and cold disaster included frost,low temperature in spring and autumn;the influencing path of cold air in Yuxi City had four paths:northeast,north,northwest and east path.The circulation characteristics of snowing included southerly trough,strong and cold air,and cold front shear;under the long-term control of cold advection of upper air and cold high pressure in the low layer,the radiation,cooling and temperature reducing were the main circulation characteristics of heavy frost;the circulation background of low temperature in August was conductive to the strong cold air intruding the upper air circulation of Yuxi City.The cold trough in the north and low pressure in the south influenced the circulation in Yuxi City.[Conclusion] The study provided reference for the weather report and relevant professionals.

THE PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF Na^+ CHANNEL BLOCKERS AGAINST CELL DAMAGE CAUSED BY ISCHEMIA

In order to observe it blockers of sodium channel obsesses the neuroprotective effect on hippocampal CA 1 pyramidal cell under the condition of transient brain ischemia, the present experiment used 24 male Wistar rats aged 9 months and divided them into four groups. Lidocaine and/or furosemide were injected introcerebroventicularlly (I.C.V). Stained with H E and accounted the CA 1 pyramidal cell numbers by computer in each group suggested following findings: Although 5 μl of 2% lidocaine was injected I.C.V, the results indicated lidocaine didn't have any blockade to pyramidal cell injuries in hippocampal CA 1 area (P<0 05). In the group medicated with 2 5μl of both 2% lidocaine and 2% furosemide, the results showed that the combined approach had a blockade to injuries of pyramidal cells compared with control group (P<0 01). The present experiment indicates that the combined blockade of lidocaine and furosemide injected I.C.V. to Na + channel can prevent the injuries from hippocampal neurons owing to ischemia.

Discussion on the Prevention and Treatment of COVID-19 Causing Lung Disease and Heart Damage Based on Lei Zhongyi's Theory of Intermingled Phlegm,Blood Stasis and Toxin

Novel coronavirus infection not only damages lung function,but also causes myocardial injury,elevated myocardial enzymes and heart failure,especially for patients with basic heart diseases who develop COVID-19,the first consideration should be the protection of cardiac function.Based on the theory of intermingled phlegm,blood stasis and toxin of heart disease put forward by Master Lei Zhongyi,the dialectical treatment thinking of COVID-19 patients from the concept of damage of phlegm,blood stasis and toxin to the heart were discussed.During the diagnosis,critical stage and recovery period of COVID-19,expectorant and blood-activating agents,heat and detoxification agents can be added to promote lung and asthma,free Bizheng and remove blood stasis,calm the heart and calm the mind,and promote the recovery of cardiopulmonary functions.

Analysis of the Causes of Continuous Cropping Obstacles for Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz in Pingjiang County and Its Control Methods

First at all, it introduced the concept and the damages of continuous cropping obstacle. Then, it analyzed the causes of continuous cropping obstacles for Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz. In the end, in order to provide guidance for pro- moting sustainable development of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz industry in Pingjiang County, it put forward some control methods for eliminating continuous cropping obstacles of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz, including breeding varieties with high resistance; applying rotation cropping and intercropping reasonable; rational fertilization and soil disinfection; introducing antagonistic bacterial and eliminating au- tointoxication.

Study on Seismic Damage to Buildings from the 2016 Hutubi Ms6.2 Earthquake

Based on the field investigation of the building types and damage caused to them by the Hutubi M_S6.2 earthquake on December 8,2016,we analyzed the damage characteristics and causes for different types of buildings. In conclusion we put forward some suggestions for the restoration and reconstruction in the earthquake affected area in future.

Damage of Apriona swainsoni(Hope)on Sophora japonica Linn.in Pingdingshan Area

The damage status of Apriona swainsoni （Hope） in Pingdingshan area is investigated combined with historical data, and the causes of heavy occurrence are analyzed. Moreover, according to production practice, it is proposed that forecast of pests and annual control countermeasures are important for the control of A. swainsoni.

The third dimension of alpine plant leaf traits is related to cold-tolerance

Alpine plants possess unique traits to adapt alpine environments.Whether leaf trait relationships of alpine plants can be captured by the two trait dimensions of organ size and resource economics is unknown.We hypothesized that,beyond the trait dimensions of leaf size and resource economics,nonstructured carbohydrates(NSC)would reflect a dimension of cold-tolerance in alpine plants.To test this hypothesis,we measured 12 leaf traits critical to leaf construction and growth in 143 species across 7 sites ranging from alpine steppes to alpine meadows along an environmental gradient on the Tibetan Plateau.Furthermore,a cold resistance experiment was conducted at one of these sites to estimate the lethal temperature causing 50%frost damage(LT_(50))of 11 alpine species.The majority of variations in 12 leaf traits of alpine plants were captured by three trait axes,in which leaf carbon(LCC)and NSC(including leaf starch;LSC and leaf soluble sugars;LSS)were clustered in a new dimension(PC3)beyond leaf size and structure,and resource economics.Although LCC,LSC and LSS all showed negative correlations with mean annual temperature,a significant negative correlation was only found between LSS and LT_(50).It indicated that PC3 was able to reflect the cold-tolerance of alpine plants to some extent,in which LSS was the most critical trait.The storage and transformation of NSC under stressful conditions could reflect a dimension of long-term metabolic adaptation and cold-tolerance,which is an extension of the resource-utilization strategy beyond construction cost and growth.

Analysis on damage causes of built-in corridor in core rock-fill dam on thick overburden:A case study

The stress state of the built-in corridor in core rock-fill dam on thick overburden is extremely complex,which may produce cracking and damage.The purpose of this paper was to investigate the effect of thick overburden on the stress and deformation of the built-in corridor in a rock-fill dam,and ascertain the damage causes of the corridor.The rationality of the analysis method for corridor with similar structure is another focus.The approach is based on finiteelement method and the calculation result accuracy is verified by the field monitoring data.The improved analysis method for corridors with similar structure is proposed by comparing various corridor load calculation methods and concrete constitutive models.Results demonstrate that the damage causes of the corridor are the deformability difference between the overburden and concrete and the special structural form.And the calculation model considering dam construction process,contact between concrete and surrounding soil,and concrete damage plasticity can reasonably reflect the mechanical behavior of the corridor.The research conclusions may have a reference significance for the analysis of tunnels similar to built-in corridors.

公路沥青路面水损坏分析与处治研究

水损坏是我国高速公路沥青路面损坏的主要原因之一,但在实际工程中,对于水损坏原因的判断并没有成熟的方法,相应病害的治理措施也没有针对性的方法和流程。因此,以某高速公路北京段病害处理专项工程为实例,探讨了水损坏原因的判断方法以及处治措施,提出了应通过病害破损调查,同时结合钻芯取样与室内试验等方法,对病害原因进行分析;明确了滞水的位置与状态,并采用开挖盲沟加排水管排除沥青路面结构层间滞水的方法,对水损坏进行了处治。研究结果表明,该方法可以有效汇集并排除沥青路面层间滞水,彻底解决路面水损坏问题,可为沥青路面水损坏维修设计提供一定的参考。

基于太阳病误下变证论“膈病”

太阳病涵盖了伤寒由表到里的整个演变过程,由于患者禀赋强弱、感邪轻重、就诊是否及时等原因,在此阶段可能出现表里证,所以太阳病可用到下法,但由于对表里先后顺序及整体病势把握不准确而误下产生变证者不少。太阳病下之后结局有两种:(1)下之愈。(2)下之不愈,而不愈者又可分为三种情况:一是误治后邪气仍在表者,当以汗解之;二是有表里证者,表解乃可攻里,否则引邪入里,为逆;三是误下影响了太阳病自然发展轨迹,导致表证几无,而邪气入膈,从而产生变证。无论太阳病正常转归还是误下发为变证,“膈”均是邪气入里之“首站”。膈病主要是邪气侵扰使其失去阻隔、分界作用,导致清浊易位,上下隔拒,典型特点为清浊不分,“上逆”与“下趋”症状并见,治疗首当察其在膈上、膈下,遵循“病在膈上必吐,在膈下必利”的治疗原则,观其脉证,随证治之。

从“圆运动失调-瘀毒致损”谈脓毒症肺损伤

脓毒症引起的急性肺损伤病情危重,病死率高,因其进展迅速,中医辨证治疗也有一定的困难。中医认为脓毒症肺损伤的核心病机为“瘀毒致损”,从彭子益的圆运动理论出发,重新认识瘀与毒的形成,认为瘀毒互结是圆运动失调所致,治疗应补虚泻实,提出清热解毒以降气、活血化瘀以行气、健补脾胃以运轴、温肾助阳散阴寒的治法来恢复气机的圆运动,为中医辨治脓毒症肺损伤提供新思路。

我国不同类别煤层顶板水害致灾机理与防控路径

我国是世界上成煤和赋存条件最复杂的国家,煤层顶板水文地质条件的多样性和复杂性,采动覆岩裂隙场与渗流场耦合的相互性和时变性以及煤层顶板突水的独特性和危害性,造成顶板水害是我国尤其是西部煤矿区的主要矿井灾害之一。为了更好地认识顶板水害和推广现有技术和探索新技术防控此类矿井灾害,在全面分析近年来我国煤层顶板水害事故规律与顶板充水含水层的赋存条件、突水模式、动力特征、力学行为等基础上,系统划分了顶板水害的类型、特征、主要类别的致灾机理及梳理了现有顶板水害的防治技术,并展望了未来顶板水害防治领域的发展方向。研究发现:①顶板水害主体架构包括巨厚基岩含水层涌(淋)水、薄基岩弱胶结层水-砂耦合溃涌、离层空间蓄水储能突水、天窗补给型突水、围岩烧变增透致突等5种类别,集中分布于秦岭—淮河沿线以北地区,陕、蒙、宁是顶板水害主要聚集地。②采动诱发巨厚基岩含水层下覆岩原生裂隙互馈-贯通发育“Z”型离层空间,导致采场出现大面积涌(淋)水现象;基于复合关键层破断力学条件,阐明了薄基岩弱胶结层水-砂耦合溃涌致灾的动力源;构建了离层失稳突水临界判别准则,将离层突水划分为静载扰动、“动+静”载复合扰动、复合煤层开采重复扰动3种模式;红土隔水层缺失及红土薄弱区采动劣化损伤是产生天窗越流补给的主要根源;围岩烧变增透,孔隙度增大,接受临近水源补水后形成新的含水结构体,在采动诱发下烧变岩水涌入采场发生水害事故。③梳理了当前煤层顶板水害“探-放-治”三位一体的解危防控技术体系,提出了井上下共轭联动、钻-采(掘)高位协同地质勘探系统,以防治水“三区”划分为导向的地质保障工作,“煤-水-生态”多目标齐抓共管的绿色开采和防治水理念,以及数智化、透明化矿山水文地质灾害信息维护系统等未来发展方向。

福州市2305“杜苏芮”台风灾害链致灾与成害过程分析

台风灾害是威胁东南沿海人民群众生命安全和社会经济发展的主要自然灾害之一。该文以福州市2305号“杜苏芮”台风为例,基于气象与灾情数据,分析了“杜苏芮”灾害链的致灾与成害过程。结果表明:①福州市主城区人口聚集经济密度高,承灾体暴露度大,是本次台风灾情最严重的区域;②受台风外围螺旋雨带的持续影响,福州市主城区出现超历史记录短时强降水。短时强降水是此次台风灾害的致灾主因,引发了严重的内涝和山洪等次生灾害;③地形是决定台风灾害链类型的主导因素之一。主城区受周围山地地形影响,形成台风-暴雨-内涝灾害链;福州市周边山区(闽侯、闽清、永泰等区县)地质稳定性差,小丘陵众多,易形成台风-暴雨-山洪/滑坡灾害链;台风登陆前,大风最先影响海岸带,形成台风-大风-风暴潮/海浪灾害链。

ACIDIC FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR REDUCES RAT SKELETAL MUSCLE DAMAGE CAUSED BY ISCHEMIA AND REPERFUSION

Acute interruption of arterial blood flow to the extremities is often associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Broad spectrum mitogenic and non mitogenic activities of FGFs inspired us to study its protecting effects on tissue injuries in ischemia reperfusion condition. We found that systemic administration of aFGF after reperfusion onset prevented severe skeletal muscle injuries. In rats treated with aKGF, the tissue edema was reduced significantly, the tissue viability was increased, and the muscle fibers contained more succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and adenosine triphosphatasc (ATPase). The pathological results supported the concept of improved prevention with aFGF treatment. The possible tissue protection by aFGF may come from its ability to regulate the concentration of evtra- and intracellular calcium ion. Besides, it may moderate other Ca2+ dependent enzyme conversion processes. Also, it may take part in the vascular tone regulation under ischemia and reperfusion conditions. These results suggest further study of tissue ischemia prevention with FGF and its possible mechanisms in the future.

长江下游口岸直水道落成洲航道整治建筑物运行状况分析

针对长江下游口岸直水道落成洲河段航道整治建筑物运行状况开展分析。对落成洲整治建筑物自交工以来的实测资料进行统计,结合河势演变分析、局部冲淤和水动力变化分析,研究建筑物的损毁特征及发展趋势,并对建筑物损毁原因进行探讨。结果表明,落成洲头部守护工程实施后有效减少了右汊分流比。但目前落成洲右汊LR_(1)、LR_(2)丁坝护底余排和LR_(1)、LR_(2)护底带已发生较大面积的损毁,减弱了落成洲右汊限流效果。工程实施后,落成洲右汊横向护滩带间水流紊乱,受到翻坝、绕坝等多种水流冲刷的影响,已形成了多个大范围的冲刷坑,致使排体边坡坡度增大或直接侵入排体,从而引发建筑物损毁。当前冲刷坑有进一步冲刷发展的可能,应持续关注局部冲淤发展变化和建筑物变化情况。

2017—2020年思茅区亚洲象肇事及补偿情况调查

对思茅区亚洲象肇事情况进行调查,并分析思茅区土地利用类型情况及其对亚洲象肇事活动的影响。结果表明:2009年以来思茅区亚洲象数量呈稳定快速增长趋势,肇事数量和造成的损失也呈增长态势,2017—2020年共造成经济损失2 400.10万元,人员伤亡4人,分布范围和受损户数扩大;亚洲象对农作物损害程度不同,其肇事频率与季节性食物变化密切相关,月损失呈先波动增长后降低的趋势;土地利用格局是其种群扩散分布的重要基础。建议采取建设生态廊道提高亚洲象栖息地连通度,建设食源基地与完善象损赔偿机制,强化亚洲象预警系统等对策缓解人象冲突。

手术机器人致人损害的产品责任研究

目前,处在弱人工智能阶段的手术机器人无法摆脱“产品”属性,属于医疗产品中的医疗器械。因此,手术机器人致人损害纠纷的归责原则应当以产品责任为逻辑起点。然而,我国司法实践中手术机器人致人损害纠纷的产品责任适用现状并不乐观。在此基础上,本文分析了我国手术机器人致人损害适用产品责任规制面临的3种挑战及挑战背后的法律原因,并提出了相关完善建议,以期能够使手术机器人致人损害纠纷脱离产品责任规制困境。

煤矿开采区地表建筑物破坏原因分析与探讨

地下开采通常会给采动影响范围内的地表建筑物造成一定程度的破坏,其最主要的表现形式就是房屋裂缝,然而房屋是否产生裂缝及裂缝大小取决于房屋的建筑结构、建筑质量、地基性质和地下采动影响程度等诸多因素,其破坏原因是非常复杂的,往往是诸多因素综合作用的结果,故一般现场难以准确判断各影响因素的影响程度及权重。本文以唐山市某村庄为研究背景,在充分掌握村庄及其附近1 km范围内地下工作面开采情况的基础上,结合入户房屋鉴定结果,对村庄内建筑物的破坏原因进行了探讨与分析,并划定了采动影响边界。研究结果可为相关责任划分和采动破坏建筑物的修缮等工作提供借鉴和参考。

基于RCA法的环节质控措施在成分血制备过程中的应用

目的研究基于根本原因分析法(RCA)的环节质控措施在成分血制备过程中的应用效果。方法选择梅州市中心血站2019年1月至2021年12月质量控制前血液离心总袋数283227袋作为对照组,2022年1月至2023年6月质量控制后血液离心总袋数123394袋作为观察组,比较两组各环节血袋破损发生情况。从两组中各随机抽取200袋,比较两组的白细胞残留量、储存期末溶血率和新鲜冰冻血浆Ⅷ因子含量。结果观察组热合、离心、无菌接合、病毒灭活和速冻环节的血袋破损情况分别为4袋、54袋、2袋、0袋和2袋,总破损率为0.050%(62/123394),对照组相应环节的血袋破损情况分别为20袋、280袋、6袋、0袋和12袋,总破损率为0.112%(318/283277),观察组总破损率明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组的白细胞残留量、储存期末溶血率分别为(0.53±0.42)×10^(4)个U、(0.12±0.09)%,明显低于对照组的(0.69±0.45)×10^(4)个U、(0.15±0.08)%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组的新鲜冰冻血浆Ⅷ因子含量为(0.92±0.15)IU/mL,明显高于对照组的(0.82±0.13)IU/mL,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于RCA法的环节质控措施在成分血制备过程中的应用效果良好,可显著降低成分血制备过程中的血袋破损率,避免血液浪费,提高血液资源的有效利用率和血液质量,有利于保障临床治疗的顺利进行,提高患者的治疗效果。

公有公共设施致害的国家赔偿责任构成——基于日本《国家赔偿法》的研究

我国目前对公有公共设施致害案件仍以《民法典》为处理依据,是否需要将其纳入国家赔偿体系未有定论。日本作为将其纳入国家赔偿体系的代表国家,其实务界在相关案件中,既坚持以无过错责任原则为基础,又逐渐引入对赔偿机关主观过错以及外部条件的考察,形成了综合考虑、具体分析的理念和习惯。将公有公共设施致害问题纳入国家赔偿体系,在法哲学逻辑上更加自洽,其以无过错责任原则为归责原则、以国家财政为资金来源的构成也更有利于减轻公民诉累、保护公民权益,为此,审视日本的立法和司法实务经验是有益的。