Esophageal perforation, a rare condition, can arise from iatrogenic, traumatic, or spontaneous origins. Even when therapy is initiated within the first 24 hours, it is associated with a mortality rate of up to 25%. Du...Esophageal perforation, a rare condition, can arise from iatrogenic, traumatic, or spontaneous origins. Even when therapy is initiated within the first 24 hours, it is associated with a mortality rate of up to 25%. Due to the varied initial presentation, treatment may be delayed, leading to poorer outcomes. Here, we present a unique case of a 27-year-old schizophrenic patient who initially presented with acute respiratory failure and septic shock and was ultimately diagnosed with cavitary pneumonia secondary to esophageal perforation.展开更多
Mycoplasma hominis is an opportunistic microorganism that colonizes the genitourinary tract and causes genitourinary infections.However,pulmonary infections caused by M.hominis have rarely been reported in immunocompe...Mycoplasma hominis is an opportunistic microorganism that colonizes the genitourinary tract and causes genitourinary infections.However,pulmonary infections caused by M.hominis have rarely been reported in immunocompetent individuals.Herein,we report a rare case of an immunocompetent adult male with M.hominis pneumonia who presented with multiple pulmonary nodules that progressed to a cavitary mass with a halo sign.The presence of M.hominis infection was confirmed using multiplex polymerase chain reaction(mPCR)of the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.The patient demonstrated no response to the initial levofloxacin therapy;however,the symptoms subsequently improved after the administration of moxifloxacin.M.hominis may be an underestimated causative agent of community-acquired pneumonia of unknown etiology in immunocompetent adults,and the involvement of the organism should be especially suspected in sexually active patients.Molecular diagnostic methods,such as mPCR,can be used to identify the etiology of atypical pneumonia.Appropriate antibiotics are crucial for effective treatment.展开更多
Non-tuberculous mycobacteria are a significant cause of pulmonary infections worldwide and can be clinically challenging.Mycobacterium xenopi(M.xenopi)has a low pathogenicity and usually requires immunosuppression or ...Non-tuberculous mycobacteria are a significant cause of pulmonary infections worldwide and can be clinically challenging.Mycobacterium xenopi(M.xenopi)has a low pathogenicity and usually requires immunosuppression or lung diseases.We describe herein a scarce case of pulmonary cavitary disease attributed to M.xenopi in a 57-year-old Caucasian patient with underlying structural lung disease successfully treated with rifampicin,ethambutol,clarithromycin,and amikacin.展开更多
Candidemia is defined as being a yeast infection confirmed by the presence of at least one positive Candida blood culture. It is a life threatening infection causing high mortality. The clinical signs are generally co...Candidemia is defined as being a yeast infection confirmed by the presence of at least one positive Candida blood culture. It is a life threatening infection causing high mortality. The clinical signs are generally compatible with the causative agent (whether there is a deep venous catheter or not). On the other hand and according to the 2012 Revised Chapel Hill Classification, granulomatosis with polyangiitis GPA is classified as a vasculitis associated with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies ANCA. It is a systemic disease characterized by the anatomopathological aspect of granuloma. We report the case of a patient who presented an atypical and a very rare revealing mode of GPA which was a bronchopulmonary candidiasis complicated by candidemia. Despite its controversy, the combination in the acute phase of antifungal treatment based on intravenous voriconazole and glucocorticoid therapy has made it possible to control candidemia and calm vasculitis.展开更多
Background: Oman is a high-income, low prevalent country for tuberculosis disease. Although the rates have remained static over the last decade, the country is aiming for Tuberculosis (TB) elimination. Household conta...Background: Oman is a high-income, low prevalent country for tuberculosis disease. Although the rates have remained static over the last decade, the country is aiming for Tuberculosis (TB) elimination. Household contacts of pulmonary TB (PTB) patients form a high-risk group of susceptible individuals who could remain reservoirs of active disease. Objective: A retrospective study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of latent TB infection by Tuberculin Skin Test (TST) or Interferon-Gamma Release Assay (IGRA) screening tests among the household contacts of Omani patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Design: A cross-sectional survey conducted between 2017 and 2018 of TB cases and their contacts in Muscat Governorate, Oman. Results: Out of the 278 contacts identified, 188 contacts fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were enrolled into the study. The prevalence of Latent Tuberculosis Infection (LTBI) was 22.8% (95% CI: 17.0 - 29.5) among household contacts. We found higher proportions of LTBI among females than males (28.7% vs. 15%, p = 0.027). Those who were exposed to Acid Fast Bacilli (AFB) smear positive cases were more likely to be LTBI (28.7% versus 15% in smear negative cases;p = 0.047). We also found an increasing trend of infection (32.3%) in the oldest age group (46 - 80 years). Conclusion: Besides children, female household contacts and older age contacts should be prioritized for screening as they are more likely to be infected and develop active disease.展开更多
Fewstudies have reported Legionella sainthelensi infection.This infection primarily presents with respiratorymanifestations.Here,we report an immunocompromised patient with cavitary pneumonia caused by L.sainthelensi ...Fewstudies have reported Legionella sainthelensi infection.This infection primarily presents with respiratorymanifestations.Here,we report an immunocompromised patient with cavitary pneumonia caused by L.sainthelensi who mainly had abdominal symptoms.The timely administration of moxifloxacin provided clinical improvement and resolution of symptoms.To our knowledge,this is one of the rare cases of L.sainthelensi infection presenting uniquelywith abdominal distension and liver function impairment butwithout obvious respiratory symptoms.展开更多
文摘Esophageal perforation, a rare condition, can arise from iatrogenic, traumatic, or spontaneous origins. Even when therapy is initiated within the first 24 hours, it is associated with a mortality rate of up to 25%. Due to the varied initial presentation, treatment may be delayed, leading to poorer outcomes. Here, we present a unique case of a 27-year-old schizophrenic patient who initially presented with acute respiratory failure and septic shock and was ultimately diagnosed with cavitary pneumonia secondary to esophageal perforation.
基金supported by the Top-Notch Project for Youth Training(20QNPY115).
文摘Mycoplasma hominis is an opportunistic microorganism that colonizes the genitourinary tract and causes genitourinary infections.However,pulmonary infections caused by M.hominis have rarely been reported in immunocompetent individuals.Herein,we report a rare case of an immunocompetent adult male with M.hominis pneumonia who presented with multiple pulmonary nodules that progressed to a cavitary mass with a halo sign.The presence of M.hominis infection was confirmed using multiplex polymerase chain reaction(mPCR)of the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.The patient demonstrated no response to the initial levofloxacin therapy;however,the symptoms subsequently improved after the administration of moxifloxacin.M.hominis may be an underestimated causative agent of community-acquired pneumonia of unknown etiology in immunocompetent adults,and the involvement of the organism should be especially suspected in sexually active patients.Molecular diagnostic methods,such as mPCR,can be used to identify the etiology of atypical pneumonia.Appropriate antibiotics are crucial for effective treatment.
文摘Non-tuberculous mycobacteria are a significant cause of pulmonary infections worldwide and can be clinically challenging.Mycobacterium xenopi(M.xenopi)has a low pathogenicity and usually requires immunosuppression or lung diseases.We describe herein a scarce case of pulmonary cavitary disease attributed to M.xenopi in a 57-year-old Caucasian patient with underlying structural lung disease successfully treated with rifampicin,ethambutol,clarithromycin,and amikacin.
文摘Candidemia is defined as being a yeast infection confirmed by the presence of at least one positive Candida blood culture. It is a life threatening infection causing high mortality. The clinical signs are generally compatible with the causative agent (whether there is a deep venous catheter or not). On the other hand and according to the 2012 Revised Chapel Hill Classification, granulomatosis with polyangiitis GPA is classified as a vasculitis associated with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies ANCA. It is a systemic disease characterized by the anatomopathological aspect of granuloma. We report the case of a patient who presented an atypical and a very rare revealing mode of GPA which was a bronchopulmonary candidiasis complicated by candidemia. Despite its controversy, the combination in the acute phase of antifungal treatment based on intravenous voriconazole and glucocorticoid therapy has made it possible to control candidemia and calm vasculitis.
文摘Background: Oman is a high-income, low prevalent country for tuberculosis disease. Although the rates have remained static over the last decade, the country is aiming for Tuberculosis (TB) elimination. Household contacts of pulmonary TB (PTB) patients form a high-risk group of susceptible individuals who could remain reservoirs of active disease. Objective: A retrospective study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of latent TB infection by Tuberculin Skin Test (TST) or Interferon-Gamma Release Assay (IGRA) screening tests among the household contacts of Omani patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Design: A cross-sectional survey conducted between 2017 and 2018 of TB cases and their contacts in Muscat Governorate, Oman. Results: Out of the 278 contacts identified, 188 contacts fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were enrolled into the study. The prevalence of Latent Tuberculosis Infection (LTBI) was 22.8% (95% CI: 17.0 - 29.5) among household contacts. We found higher proportions of LTBI among females than males (28.7% vs. 15%, p = 0.027). Those who were exposed to Acid Fast Bacilli (AFB) smear positive cases were more likely to be LTBI (28.7% versus 15% in smear negative cases;p = 0.047). We also found an increasing trend of infection (32.3%) in the oldest age group (46 - 80 years). Conclusion: Besides children, female household contacts and older age contacts should be prioritized for screening as they are more likely to be infected and develop active disease.
基金supported by grants fromthe Innovation Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81721002).
文摘Fewstudies have reported Legionella sainthelensi infection.This infection primarily presents with respiratorymanifestations.Here,we report an immunocompromised patient with cavitary pneumonia caused by L.sainthelensi who mainly had abdominal symptoms.The timely administration of moxifloxacin provided clinical improvement and resolution of symptoms.To our knowledge,this is one of the rare cases of L.sainthelensi infection presenting uniquelywith abdominal distension and liver function impairment butwithout obvious respiratory symptoms.
