Stitching Perovskite Grains with Perhydropoly(Silazane)Anti-Template-Agent for High-Efficiency and Stable Solar Cells Fabricated in Ambient Air

All inorganic CsPbI_(3)perovskite solar cells(PSCs)have emerged as disruptive photovoltaic technology owing to their admirable photoelectric properties and the non-volatile active layer.However,the phase instability against moisture severely limits the fabrication environment for the high-efficiency devices,breaking through the confinement region to achieve scalable manufacturing has been the primary issue for future commercialization.Here,we develop a curing-anti-solvent strategy for fabricating high-quality and stable black-phase CsPbI_(3)perovskite films in ambient air by introducing an inorganic polymer perhydropolysilazane(PHPS)into methyl acetate to form anti-template agent.The cross-linked PHPS reduces moisture erosions while the hydrolyzate silanol network(–Si(OH)_(4)^(–))controls the perovskite crystal growth by forming Lewis adducts with PbI_(2)during the fabrication.The polycondensation adduct of Si–O–Si/Si–O–Pb strongly binds to CsPbI_(3)grains as a shield layer to hamper phase transition.Using the inorganic CsPbI_(3)perovskite thin-film with PHPS-modified anti-solvent processing as the light absorber,the n–i–p planar solar cell achieved an efficiency of 19.17%under standard illumination test conditions.More importantly,the devices showed excellent moisture stability,retaining about 90%of the initial efficiency after 1000 h under 30%RH.

Chemotherapy combined with bevacizumab for small cell lung cancer with brain metastases:A case report

BACKGROUND Small cell lung cancer(SCLC)is a common and aggressive subtype of lung cancer.It is characterized by rapid growth and a high mortality rate.Approximately 10%of patients with SCLC present with brain metastases at the time of diagnosis,which is associated with a median survival of 5 mo.This study aimed to summarize the effect of bevacizumab on the progression-free survival(PFS)and overall survival of patients with brain metastasis of SCLC.CASE SUMMARY A 62-year-old man was referred to our hospital in February 2023 because of dizziness and numbness of the right lower extremity without headache or fever for more than four weeks.The patient was diagnosed with limited-stage SCLC.He received 8 cycles of chemotherapy combined with maintenance bevacizumab therapy and achieved a PFS of over 7 mo.CONCLUSION The combination of bevacizumab and irinotecan effectively alleviated brain metastasis in SCLC and prolonged PFS.

Programmed cell death, antioxidant response and oxidative stress in wheat f lag leaves induced by chemical hybridization agent SQ-1

Male sterility induced by a chemical hybridization agent （CHA） is an important tool for utilizing crop heterosis. Leaves, especially the flag leaves, as CHA initial recipients play a decisive role in inducing male sterility. To investigate effects of different treatment times of CHA-SQ-1 used, morphological, biochemical and physiological responses of wheat flag leaves were detected in thistudy. CHA induced programmed cell death （PCD） as shown in terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labelling （TUNEL） and DNA laddering analysis. In the early phase, CHA-SQ-1 trig- gered organelle changes arid PCD in wheat leaves accompanied by excess production of reactive oxygen species （O2- and H202） and down-regulation of the activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, catalase （CAT） and guaiacol peroxidase （POD）. Meanwhile, leaf cell DNAs showed ladder-like patterns on agarose gel, indicating that CHA-SQ-1 led to the activation of the responsible endonuclease. The oxidative stress assays showed that lipid peroxidation was strongly activated and photosynthesis was obviously inhibited in SQ-l-induced leaves. However, CHA contents in wheat leaves gradually reduced along with the time CHA-SQ-1 applied. Young flags returned to an oxidative/antioxidative balance and ultimately developed into mature green leaves. These results provide explanation of the relations between PCD and anther abortion and practical application of CHA for hybrid breeding.

Correlation study of biological characteristics of non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells after transfecting plasmid by microbubble ultrasound contrast agent

Objective: To explore the role of the abnormal expression of miRNAs in the development process of non-small cell lung cancer and the feasibility of ultrasound microbubble-mediated gene therapy after transfecting antisense miRNA-224 and miRNA-122 a plasmids into nonsmall cell lung cancer A549 cells. Methods: Antisense miRNA-224 and miRNA-122 a plasmids were transfected into non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells on the optimal ultrasound microbubble mediated condition. We set up a control group. The cell proliferation activity, apoptosis, invasion ability were detected by MTT assay, Annexin V-PE, Transwell invasion experiment and colony formation assay, respectively. Results: The expression of mi RNA-224 decreased and the expression of miRNA-122 a rose after the plasmids of target genes were transfected into non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells, and there were significant differences when compared with those of the control group(P<0.05). After the plasmids of target genes were transfected into A549 cells, the growth of antisense miRNA-224 and miRNA-122 a were inhibited, and the differences were significant as compared with the control group(P < 0.05). Besides, the inhibition of miRNA-122 a group was the most significant and there was statistically significant difference as compared with miRNA-224 group(t =-4.694, P = 0.009). After the plasmids of target genes were transfected into A549 cells, the proportion of apoptotic cells increased, the invasive cells were decreased and the clone ability reduced, and also there was a significant difference as compared with those of the control group(P < 0.05). What's more, the apoptotic peak appeared in miRNA-122 a group. Its invasion ability decreased most obviously(40.25 ± 3.97/visual field), the number of clone ability was 104.93 ± 4.87 and the inhibitory effect was the most obviously. There was statistically significant difference as compared with other groups(P < 0.05). Conclusions: A549 cells transfected by ultrasound microbubble-mediated antisense miRNA-224 and mi RNA-122 a plasmids possessed good transfection efficiency. The cell growth, invasion and colony forming abilities of transfected A549 cells were suppressed, which laid a solid foundation for the gene therapy of non-small cell lung cancer.

Effects of various antimicrobial agents on multi-directional differentiation potential of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells

Antimicrobial drugs of several classes play an important role in the treatment of bone and joint infections. In addition to fighting pathogenic microorganisms, the effects of drugs on local tissues and cells are also related to the course and prognosis of bone and joint infections. The multi-directional differentiation potential of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is essential for tissue repair after local injury, which is directly related to the recovery of bone, cartilage, and medullary adipose tissue. Our previous studies and the literature indicate that certain antimicrobial agents can regulate the differentiation potential of bone marrow-derived MSCs. Here, in order to systematically analyze the effects of various antimicrobial drugs on local tissue regeneration, we comprehensively review the studies on the effects of these drugs on MSC differentiation, and classify them according to the three differentiation directions (osteogenesis, chondrogenesis, and adipogenesis). Our review demonstrates the specific effects of different antimicrobial agents on bone marrow-derived MSCs and the range of concentrations at which they work, and provides a basis for drug selection at different sites of infection.

Quantitative examination of the inhibitory activation of molecular targeting agents in hepatocellular carcinoma patient-derived cell invasion via a novel in vivo tumor model

Background: The outcomes for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) receiving sorafenib are far from satisfactory because of treatment resistance to sorafenib. However, the exact mechanism of resistance to sorafenib remains unclear and it is valuable to establish a novel mouse model to quantitatively analyze the inhibition rates of sorafenib on the invasive growth of HCC cells in the liver.Methods: HCC tissue microblocks derived from patients were cultured and mixed with hydrogel drops. Then, hydrogel drops containing microblocks of HCC tissue were attached onto the surface of the livers of nude mice to form lesions or nodules of HCC. The mice received molecular targeting agents through oral administration. Livers with tumor nodules were harvested for H&E staining(hematoxylin-eosin staining) analysis and H&E staining images were quantitatively analyzed using image J software. The invasive growth of HCC cells into the liver was calculated using the depth of the lesions compared with the total thickness of the liver.Results: Microblocks containing cells derived from HCC patients can form lesions in the liver of nude mice. Oral administration of molecular targeting agents inhibited the invasive growth of HCC cells in the liver of nude mice.Conclusions: The model established in this study involves the invasive growth of HCC cells in the liver of nude mice, and the model allows for the quantitative analysis of the inhibitory effect of molecular targeting agents on the invasion of HCC cells in vivo.

Multidrug Resistance P-glycoprotein Function of Bone Marrow Hematopoietic Cells and the ReversalAgent Effect

The multidrug resistance P-glycoprotein (P-gp) expression and func-tion in hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells were studied to investigate whether the inhibition of hematopoietic cell P-gp function by multidrug resistance reversal agent increases the cytotoxicity of chemotherapy drugs on the hematopoietic cells.The expression of P-gp on the surface of CD cells from healthy human marrow was examined by flow cytometry. The multidrug resistance reversal agent MS-209 was used to measure the effects of MS-209 on the Rhodamin-123 uptaking o fCD hematopoietic cells. By using methylcellulose semi-solid culture, normal human granulocyte-macrophage clonal formation unit (CFU-GM) was cultured. The changes in CFU-GM inhibitory rate caused by daunorubicin were determined in the presence or absence of MS-2O9. The results showed that the P-gp expression rate of bone marrow CDL cells was 13. 3 %. MS-209 obviously increased the Rhodamin-123 uptake of CD positive cells. The mean inhibitory rate of daunorubicin for CFU-GM was 29. 6 %, but it was increased to 43. 3 % in the presence of MS-209 with the difference being significant (P< 0. 05). It was concluded that hematopoietic cells expressed P-gp protein and possessed active function- MS-209could inhibit the membrane efflux pump and increase the cytotoxicity of chemotherapy drugs to the clonal growth of hematopoeitic stem cells, suggesting the side effects of these drugs on the hematopoietic system should be taken into consideration in the clinical use.

Effects of Intraocular Lens Implantation without Viscoelastic Agents on Corneal Endothelial Cells

Objective: To determine the protective effects of intraocular lens implantation without viscoelastic agents on corneal endothelial cells. Methods: Patients with age-related cataract were randomly divided into two groups: Group A (24 patients, 30 eyes) underwent phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation without viscoelastic agents, and group B (21 patients, 30 eyes) underwent phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation with viscoelastic agents. The corneal endothelial cell counts, percentages of hexagonal cells, and central corneal thicknesses were evaluated at 1 week, 1 month, and 6 months after surgery. Results: There was no significant difference in preoperative basic characteristics between the two groups (p > 0.05). The postoperative corneal endothelial cell count and percentage of hexagonal cells in both groups decreased compared with preoperative values at 1 week, 1 month, and 6 months after surgery, and the decrease of group A was significantly lower than that of group B at all time points (p p > 0.05). Conclusions: Compared with regular intraocular lens implantation, intraocular lens implantation without viscoelastic agents is less damaging to corneal endothelial cells, resulting in greater corneal safety.

Antiangiogenic agents combined with chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer

As a targeted therapy, antiangiogenic treatment has been increasingly studied for advanced non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) and has proven effective for the treatment of advanced NSCLC. Bevacizumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting angiogenesis, is the only antiangiogenic agent approved for use in combination with first-line chemotherapy for non-squamous NSCLC. Small-molecule inhibitors targeting the tyrosine kinase receptor have also shown promise when combined with standard chemotherapeutic agents in patients with advanced NSCLC. However, unlike bevacizumab, not all other antiangiogenic agents show significant benefits when combined with chemotherapy. As for the failures of most other combinations, the combination schedule may be an important reason that has so far been overlooked in clinical trials. This article reviews the combination of angiogenic agents with chemotherapy in the treatment of NSCLC.

Inhibitory Effects of Propolis Water Extract on the Proliferation of Cervical Cancer Cells

[Objectives]To investigate the effects of propolis extract on HeLa cells to provide theoretical guidance for facilitating clinical treatment.[Methods]The effects of propolis on inflammation,and proliferation were analyzed based on the levels of DNA transcriptional regulation and mRNA and protein expression levels.[Results]Propolis water extract(PWE)could inhibit the cell proliferation and production of DNA damage in a dosedependent manner.Moreover,the propolis water extract could significantly downregulate the expression of iNOS-Luc,PTGS-2-Luc,and IL-8-Luc,and that it was related to the expression of the NF-κB family protein.After the induction of HeLa cells by propolis,the expression of the cell cycle inhibitor gene p21 was increased,while that of the cell proliferation gene Ki67 was decreased.[Conclusions]Propolis water extract could significantly inhibit the cell proliferation and production of DNA damage,suggesting propolis as a potential candidate for the development of adjunctive therapy against cervical cancer.

基于多Agent和动态逻辑制造单元的车间控制系统研究

根据敏捷化生产的要求 ,分析车间控制系统的多 Agent层次结构。提出动态逻辑制造单元的概念 ,用于组织车间制造系统资源 ,实现在动态多变的环境中车间制造系统快速重组、动态重构的能力。研究在动态逻辑制造单元的组织形式下 ,面向订单的生产调度的实现方法 。

基于Agent的制造单元混合式控制系统研究

为了使单元控制系统具有柔性、开放性和可重配置性等特性,将Agent技术融合到单元控制系统体系结构中,提出了基于Agent的制造单元混合式控制体系结构,并对体系结构中各Agent的功能结构进行了设计。在此基础上,构建了控制系统的开放式软件结构,同时讨论了Agent之间的协商和通讯机制的实现方法。

SOFC复合孔隙阳极材料的制备及性能研究

使用共流延工艺分别制备了以不同配比可溶性淀粉和碳纤维混合物作为造孔剂的阳极支撑型固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC),阳极支撑层具有不规则的球型和直线型交错的复合孔隙,造孔剂总质量分数均为10%。电池以(Y_(2)O_(3))0.08(ZrO_(2))0.92(8YSZ)及Ni作为阳极材料,其中Ni与8YSZ的质量比为1∶1,以8YSZ作为电解质材料,以(La_(0.75)Sr_(0.25))0.95MnO_(3±δ)(LSM)及8YSZ作为阴极材料。使用氢气作为燃料测试了各电池在750℃下的电化学性能,结果表明,淀粉与碳纤维质量之比为1.5的复合造孔剂所制备电池的功率密度最高,可达0.199 W/cm^(2)。扫描电子显微镜法(SEM)图像显示,淀粉和碳纤维在阳极支撑层中所形成的复合孔隙相互交织,连通性较好,具有较理想的微观结构。

基于多Agent和合同网的敏捷制造单元调度

分析了敏捷制造单元调度问题的特点 ,以构造的基于多Agent技术的控制系统为基础 ,提出了采用分布式人工智能和协同式求解策略来解决敏捷制造单元调度问题 ,采用合同网技术与启发式规则相结合的方法 ,把传统的集中的和自上而下的求解过程转化为分布的和自下而上的求解过程 ,保证能够有效地解决敏捷制造单元的调度问题 .

基于异构Agent系统的虚拟制造单元

虚拟制造单元是虚拟制造系统的一个重要组成部分。本文分析了Agent系统特点 ,提出了一种基于异构A gent系统的虚拟制造单元 ,并建立了审慎式Agent和反应式Agent并存的系统体系结构。根据系统分层和异构的特点 ,定义了Agent的结构模型及其运行模式。采用过程调用模式与消息模式相结合的方式解决了各Agent之间的通信问题。根据所提出的观点并利用相关的开发工具 。

基于Agent的单元控制器

利用多智能体系统的理论,构造一种基于Agent的单元控制器,建立了其功能模型.单元控制器通过Agent以谈判的方式与其他单元交互,采用基于合作知识库的方法选择合作伙伴,利用奖惩机制保持虚拟企业的稳定性.采用基于成组技术的参数法和特征法,对订单进行满足交货期能力的评价和制造成本评价.基于Agent的单元控制器具有较强的对外合作协调能力。

基于Multi-Agent生化反应模拟算法研究

生物体内进行着大量错综复杂的生化反应,对生化反应网络的模拟是新兴的虚拟细胞仿真技术的核心任务,提出了一种基于多Agent的模拟虚拟细胞中生化反应通用算法。该算法基于虚拟细胞生化反应确定型算法,克服了确定型算法只能用于同一类型反应式,不易拓展至其它生化反应网络的缺点。该算法在Cougaar开发平台上进行了设计与实现,经过对热休克反应分析进行模拟测试,测试结果与生物学实验基本一致。

基于Agent的社会力模型实现及地铁通道行人仿真

行人微观仿真技术已经成为地铁站等行人密集场所方案评价和疏散评估的主要研究手段.社会力模型从受力角度进行建模,可得到行人的运动状态和受力状态,不引入复杂的判断规则即能得到丰富的自组织现象.文中针对该模型存在的算法复杂度高和物理粒子运动盲目性的问题,引入分子动力学的Gear预测校正法和链接列表元胞算法,基于Agent感知-决策建模方法,构建了改进模型及其面向对象的编程实现框架.采用椭圆形的行人形体描述方法,标定了行人形体、运动及模型参数,设计了密度扫描转向、变作用强度及碰撞预测规避等行人Agent交互方法及算法,在VC++2008平台实现了改进模型并进行地铁站通道的单、双向仿真.结果显示链接列表元胞法可以明显减少仿真时间,模型可较好地实现自动渠化,与车站调研得到的通道客流密度-流量关系吻合.

基于多Agent的网络化车间制造系统调度问题研究

提出一种基于多Agent的网络化车间调度方法,给出任务驱动的网络化车间多Agent调度模型,提出了车间调度的综合指标,分析了模型中各Agent的主要功能和调度过程的算法流程。在此基础上,针对不同的动态事件,讨论了相应的调度策略,以实现网络化车间任务的分配和再调度。

纯钛表面氧化石墨烯涂层的制备及生物学性能研究

利用3-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷在纯钛表面制备氧化石墨烯涂层,扫描电镜、X射线能谱仪、拉曼光谱、X射线光电子能谱技术对涂层的形貌结构和成分进行表征检测;之后通过体外细胞毒性实验、急性溶血实验和SBF模拟体液浸泡实验评估不同处理组钛片的生物学活性。结果表明:体外小鼠前成骨细胞毒性实验、急性溶血实验初步证实复合涂层具有良好的生物相容性;SBF模拟体液浸泡实验表明氧化石墨烯涂层能提高纯钛表面沉积羟基磷灰石的能力。