AIM:To investigate the association of ganglion cell complex thickness(GCCt),global loss volume percentage(GLV%),and focal loss volume percentage(FLV%)with structural and functional findings among patients with chronic...AIM:To investigate the association of ganglion cell complex thickness(GCCt),global loss volume percentage(GLV%),and focal loss volume percentage(FLV%)with structural and functional findings among patients with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy(CCSC)and recurrent central serous chorioretinopathy(RCSC)by optical coherence tomography(OCT).METHODS:Among 29 patients with monocular affected central serous chorioretinopathy(CSC),15 had CCSC,and 14 had RCSC.The GCCt,FLV%,GLV%,and subfoveal choroidal thickness(SFCT)and sublesional choroidal thickness(SLCT)values were determined using OCT,and the association of these characteristics with neural structure parameters,choroidal morphology,features and functional alterations were estimated for the CCSC and RCSC patients.RESULTS:In CCSC,the affected eyes had significantly lower GCCt values than the fellow eyes in the macular regions(all P<0.05),with the highest GCCt observed in the inferior area.A significant association was found between the GCCt in different regions and the change in best corrected visual acuity(BCVA;r=-0.696;-0.695;-0.694,P<0.05)in CCSC patients.A statistically significant moderate negative correlation indicated that long-term CCSC was associated with greater differences in the GCCt in different regions between affected and fellow eyes(r=-0.562;r=-0.556;r=0.525,P<0.05).Additionally,observation of thickened SFCT was associated with a worse FLV%(r=0.599;r=0.546,P<0.05)in both groups.Similarly,thickened SLCT was associated with FLV%in RCSC patients(r=0.544,P<0.05).CONCLUSION:The distribution and GCCt are associated with the duration and visual outcomes of CCSC,whereas there is no correlation among RCSC patients.FLV%may be instrumental in differentiating the various outer choroidal vessels(pachyvessels)in long-term CSC.These results suggest that neural structure parameters may aid in estimating and predicting the recovery of altered morphology and function in CCSC and RCSC patients.展开更多
AIM:To evaluate the ability of macular ganglion cell complex(GCC) thickness using Fourier domain optical coherence tomography(FD-OCT) to detect glaucoma in highly myopic eyes.METHODS:Cross-sectional study.A tota...AIM:To evaluate the ability of macular ganglion cell complex(GCC) thickness using Fourier domain optical coherence tomography(FD-OCT) to detect glaucoma in highly myopic eyes.METHODS:Cross-sectional study.A total of 114 participants,consecutively were enrolled.Macular GCC thickness and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL) thickness were obtained with RTVue FD-OCT.Receiver operating characteristics curves were constructed for each measurement parameter,and areas under the curves(AUCs) were compared.RESULTS:Both the average GCC and average RNFL thickness showed negative correlations with axial length(rGCC=-0.404,P=0.001;rRNFL=-0.561,P〈0.001).The largest AUCs from GCC,and RNFL parameters were 0.968 [global loss volume(GLV)],and 0.855(average RNFL),respectively.GLV was significantly better for detecting high myopic glaucoma than average RNFL(P〈0.001).CONCLUSION:Macular GCC thickness has higher diagnostic power than peripapillary RNFL thickness to discriminate glaucoma patients from non-glaucoma subjects in high myopia.展开更多
AIM:To assess the ganglion cell complex(GCC)thickness in diabetic eyes without retinopathy. METHODS:Two groups included 45 diabetic eyes without retinopathy and 21 non diabetic eyes. All subjects underwent full me...AIM:To assess the ganglion cell complex(GCC)thickness in diabetic eyes without retinopathy. METHODS:Two groups included 45 diabetic eyes without retinopathy and 21 non diabetic eyes. All subjects underwent full medical and ophthalmological history,full ophthalmological examination,measuring GCC thickness and central foveal thickness(CFT)using the RTVue~? spectral domainoptical coherence tomography(SD-OCT),and HbA1C level.RESULTS:GCC focal loss volume(FLV%)was significantly more in diabetic eyes(22.2% below normal)than normal eyes(P=0.024). No statistically significant difference was found between the diabetic group and the control group regarding GCC global loss volume(GLV%)(P=0.160). CFT was positively correlated to the average,superior and inferior GCC(P=0.001,0.000 and 0.001 respectively)and negatively correlated to GLV% and FLV%(P=0.002 and0.031 respectively)in diabetic eyes. C/D ratio in diabetic eyes was negatively correlated to average,superior and inferior GCC(P=0.015,0.007 and 0.017 respectively). The FLV% was negatively correlated to the refraction and level of Hb A1c(P=0.019 and 0.013 respectively)and positively correlated to the best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)in log MAR in diabetic group(P=0.004).CONCLUSION:Significant GCC thinning in diabetes predates retinal vasculopathy,which is mainly focal rather than diffuse. It has no preference to either the superior or inferior halves of the macula. Increase of myopic error is significantly accompanied with increased focal GCC loss. GCC loss is accompanied with increased C/D ratio in diabetic eyes.展开更多
BACKGROUND Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy(AION)is a group of ophthalmic diseases in which the optic nerve is injured causing blindness.However,the pathogenesis,clinical manifestations,and clinical treatments of AI...BACKGROUND Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy(AION)is a group of ophthalmic diseases in which the optic nerve is injured causing blindness.However,the pathogenesis,clinical manifestations,and clinical treatments of AION are yet elusive.Only a few related experimental or clinical reports are available on the disease.In this study,spectral domain optical coherence tomography(SD-OCT)was used to examine the morphology of thickness swelling and atrophic changes of macular ganglion cell complex(mGCC)in the different stages of AION that were then compared with the visual fields.Thus,the clinical value of mGCC examination was alleged to be similar to that of the visual field.AIM To explore the mGCC injury at different stages in AION and the clinical significance.METHODS Cases with AION were analyzed in a retrospective study.SD-OCT was used to analyze the correlation between mGCC and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thicknesses at different stages of AION and the changes in the corresponding stages of visual fields.RESULTS A total of 21 cases(28 eyes)presented AION.The onset time of AION was defined as early stage(within 3 wk of onset),middle stage(from 3 wk to 2 mo),and late stage(disease span>2 mo).In the early stage,the mGCC thickness of SD-OCT was within the normal high limit,and the perioptic nerve fibers thickness was more than the normal.The changes in the visual field in early stage were not consistent with the swelling changes in mGCC and peri-disc nerve fibers.In addition,atrophy and thinning appeared in mGCC,and the perioptic nerve fibers were swollen.However,the thickness was lower in the middle period than that in the early stage.The change in visual field was consistent with that of mGCC in this period.In the late stage,mGCC shrank and thinned,and the thickness of the nerve fibers around the optic disc in the corresponding region shrank and thinned.CONCLUSION The changes in mGCC thickness in patients with AION showed early,middle,and late stages of development by SD-OCT.Although the early stage visual field changes of AION were not consistent with the swelling changes of mGCC,the horizontal delimitation or annular atrophy of mGCC was consistent with that in the middle and late stage of the disease.The atrophy of peripheral nerve fibers was later than that of the mGCC atrophy.展开更多
AIM: To assess choroidal thickness(CT) and its association with ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer thickness(GCIPLT) and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness(RNFLT) in open angle glaucoma(OAG) comparing with preperime...AIM: To assess choroidal thickness(CT) and its association with ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer thickness(GCIPLT) and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness(RNFLT) in open angle glaucoma(OAG) comparing with preperimetric glaucoma(PPG) and normal eyes.METHODS: Totally 55 eyes of OAG, 40 eyes of PPG, and 40 eyes of age-matched normal eyes were studied. Peripapillary CT(PCT), macular CT(MCT), RNFLT, and GCIPLT were evaluated. Relationship between the CT with RNFLT and GCIPLT were studied. The correlation between CT and confounding variables as gender, age, intraocular pressure, and visual field mean deviation were analyzed. RESULTS: Mean PCT were 113.6±39.1 μm in OAG, 116.3±42.7 μm in PPG, and 148.9±41.7 μm in normal eyes. PCT and MCT was thinner in OAG compared to healthy eyes. There was a significant correlation for PCT and mean RNFLT in 1, 2, 6, and 7 clock hours of OAG eyes. The difference in PCT remained after adjusting for axial length, age, and disc area(P=0.003). No significant correlation was shown between MCT and mean GCIPLT in all eyes.CONCLUSION: PCT is thinner in OAG and PPG compared with healthy eyes. The correlation of RNFLT and PCT found in OAG and PPG is not revealed in normal eyes.展开更多
Objective The aim of this study was to investigate macular perfusion changes and ganglion cell complex(GCC)loss in patients with unexplained visual loss following vitrectomy and silicone oil(SO)tamponade,and to evalua...Objective The aim of this study was to investigate macular perfusion changes and ganglion cell complex(GCC)loss in patients with unexplained visual loss following vitrectomy and silicone oil(SO)tamponade,and to evaluate the correlation between retinal blood flow and GCC loss using optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)and optical coherence tomography(OCT).Methods This retrospective study included seven eyes(seven patients)with unexpected visual loss after vitrectomy and SO tamponade.OCTA was used to evaluate the alterations in retinal vessel density(VD)in the superficial capillary plexus(SCP),deep capillary plexus(DCP),and radial peripapillary capillary plexus(RPCP).OCT was used to measure the thickness of GCC and retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL).Medical records of patients were reviewed.Results Quantitative analysis of OCTA images revealed a significant reduction in SCP VD in the affected eyes compared with the controls(all sections P<0.05).No difference was found in GCC thickness,but FLV(focal loss volume)and GLV(global loss volume)were significantly higher in the affected eyes(both P<0.001).SCP VD was inversely correlated with FLV and GLV.Conclusions Silicone oil-related severe visual loss was associated with superficial retinal microvasculature damage and ganglion cell apoptosis.展开更多
AIM: To review the use of spectral domain optical coherence tomography(SD-OCT) for macular retinal ganglion cells(RGC) and ganglion cell complex(GCC) measurement in glaucoma assessment, specifically for early detectio...AIM: To review the use of spectral domain optical coherence tomography(SD-OCT) for macular retinal ganglion cells(RGC) and ganglion cell complex(GCC) measurement in glaucoma assessment, specifically for early detection and detection of disease progression. METHODS: A systematic review was performed by searching Pub Med, Medline, and Web of Science for articles published in English through July 2014 describing the various macular SD-OCT scanning strategies developed for glaucoma assessment. The review focused on papers evaluating the use of macular RGC/GCC SDOCT to detect early glaucoma and its progression. The search included keywords corresponding to the index test(macular ganglion cell/RGC/GCC/Spectral domain OCT), the target condition(glaucoma), and diagnostic performance. The RGC/GCC SD-OCT scanning strategies used to assess glaucoma of most commonly used SD-OCT instruments were described and compared. These included the Cirrus high definition-OCT(Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc., Dublin, CA, United States), RTVue(Optovue, Inc., Fremont, CA, United States), Spectralis(Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany) and the 3D OCT 2000(Topcon Corporation, Tokyo, Japan). Studies focusing on the ability of RGC/GCC SD-OCT to detect early glaucomatous damage and on the correlation between glaucomatous progression and RGC/GCC measurement by SD-OCT were reviewed.RESULTS: According to the literature, macular RGC/GCC SD-OCT has high diagnostic power of preperimetric glaucoma, reliable discrimination ability to differentiate between healthy eyes and glaucomatous eyes, with good correlation with visual filed damage. The current data suggests that it may serve as a sensitive detection tool for glaucomatous structural progression even with mild functional progression as the rate of change of RGC/GCC thickness was found to be significantly higher in progressing than in stable eyes. Glaucoma assessment with RGC/GCC SD-OCT was comparable with and sometimes better than circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness measurement.CONCLUSION: An increasing body of evidence supports using macular RGC/GCC thickness as an indicator for early glaucoma. This might be a useful tool for monitoring disease progression.展开更多
The Merkel cell-neurite complex initiates the perception of touch and mediates Ap slowly adapting type I responses. Lichen planus is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease with T-cell-mediated inflammation, whereas...The Merkel cell-neurite complex initiates the perception of touch and mediates Ap slowly adapting type I responses. Lichen planus is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease with T-cell-mediated inflammation, whereas hyperkeratosis is characterized with or without epithelial dysplasia in the oral mucosa. To determine the effects of lichen planus and hyperkeratosis on the Merkel cell-neurite complex, healthy oral mucosal epithelium and lesional oral mucosal epithelium of lichen planus and hyperkeratosis patients were stained by immunohistochemistry (the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex and double immunofluorescence methods)using pan cytokeratin, cytokeratin 20 (K20, a Merkel cell marker), and neurofilament 200 (NF200, a myelinated Aβ- and Aδ-nerve fibre marker) antibodies. N F200-immunoreactive (ir) nerve fibres in healthy tissues and in the lesional oral mucosa epithelium of lichen planus and hyperkeratosis were counted and statistically analysed. In the healthy oral mucosa, K20-positive Merkel cells with and without close association to the intraepithelial NF200-ir nerve fibres were detected. In the lesional oral mucosa of lichen planus and hyperkeratosis patients, extremely rare NF200-ir nerve fibres were detected only in the lamina propria. Compared with healthy tissues, lichen planus and hyperkeratosis tissues had significantly decreased numbers of NF200-ir nerve fibres in the oral mucosal epithelium. Lichen planus and hyperkeratosis were associated with the absence of Aβ-nerve endings in the oral mucosal epithelium. Thus, we conclude that mechanosensation mediated by the Merkel cell-neurite complex in the oral mucosal epithelium is impaired in lichen planus and hvperkeratosis.展开更多
This paper reports the effects of the Yh^(3+) and its four complexes on cultured cells.The results indicate that the 5 mmol YbCl_3 has evident toxicity on cultured cells,and after it is coordinated with ligands,its to...This paper reports the effects of the Yh^(3+) and its four complexes on cultured cells.The results indicate that the 5 mmol YbCl_3 has evident toxicity on cultured cells,and after it is coordinated with ligands,its toxicity is decreased.These.four complexes neither destroy the growth nor inhibit the adliesion of diploid cell to the surface of the flasket,but they inhibit the adhesion of cancer cells,and result in cell death.The complex of Yb~?(3+) with ligand(1) can destroy the cancer cells in division phase.forming aberrant mitotic cells,but the other three complexes of Yb^(3+) with ligands can destroy the cancer cells in interphase.These effects depend on the dose of the complex.展开更多
The aim of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of heparin/fibronectin (Hep/Fn) complexes on neointimal hyperplasia following endovascular intervention. Hep/Fn complexes were immobilized onto titanium...The aim of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of heparin/fibronectin (Hep/Fn) complexes on neointimal hyperplasia following endovascular intervention. Hep/Fn complexes were immobilized onto titanium (Ti) surfaces, with subsequent X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Toluidine Blue 0 (TBO) and immunohistochemistry methods were used to characterize surface properties. Smooth muscle cell (SMC) cultures were used to evaluate the effect of Hep/Fn complexes on SMC proliferation. Results showed that Hep/Fn complexes successfully immobilized onto Ti surfaces and resulted in an inhibition of SMC proliferation. This study suggests that Hep/Fn surface-immobilized biomaterials develop as a new generation of biomaterials to prevent neointimal hyperplasia, particularly for use in cardiovascular implants.展开更多
Background: We investigated the immunohistochemical expression of Arp2/3 complex in 88 oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs) and correlated it with the tumor type and grade. Materials and methods: This is a retrospect...Background: We investigated the immunohistochemical expression of Arp2/3 complex in 88 oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs) and correlated it with the tumor type and grade. Materials and methods: This is a retrospective study of 88 cases of OSCCs (9 verrucous carcinomas, 4 carcinomas in situ, 37 well differentiated OSCCs, 32 moderately differentiated OSCCs, and 6 poorly differentiated OSCCs), stained with mouse monoclonal antibodies for Arp2 and Arp3. Staining was graded according to the extent of positivity by two observers. Results: Arp2 positivity was seen in 79 (89.77%) cases and Arp3 positivity in 78 (88.63%) cases. In positive cases, Arp2 expression was graded as (+) in 12.5%, (++) in 28.4% and (+++) in 48.86% of the cases;Arp3 was graded as (+) in 36.36%, (++) in 30.68% and (+++) in 21.59% of the cases. Conclusion: Expression of Arp2 and Arp3, indicative of the formation of the Arp2/3 complex, was seen in most OSCCs examined. Although no statistically significant correlation was found between the immunohistochemical expression of Arp2/Arp3 and tumor type or grade, the more common expression in invasive OSCCs than in non-invasive verrucous carcinomas and carcinomas in situ is indicative of its involvement in the biological behaviour of the lesions. The availability of Arp2/3 inhibitors that could be used in clinical practice warrants further study of the expression of Arp2/3 in OSCC.展开更多
I. THE COMPLEXITY OFBIOLOGICAL RESPONSESFor an organism, to be living or notdepends on its response to foreign matters.Facing the increasing amount and diversi-ty of chemicals, natural and synthetic, tounderstand the ...I. THE COMPLEXITY OFBIOLOGICAL RESPONSESFor an organism, to be living or notdepends on its response to foreign matters.Facing the increasing amount and diversi-ty of chemicals, natural and synthetic, tounderstand the principles of the biologicalresponses becomes extremely importantin pursuing the way of rational utiliza-tion and governing the foreign matters.However, most biological responses aretoo complex to explore their nature. Forinstance, the risk to human beings andorganisms related to the application ofrare earths in agriculture, forestation, fish-ery and husbandry has been argued展开更多
Covalently linked phthalocyanine complexes were incorporated in bilayer lipid membranes(BLN) and deposited on SnO_2 transparent electrodes, Their photovoltages were measured and compared. It has been found that a more...Covalently linked phthalocyanine complexes were incorporated in bilayer lipid membranes(BLN) and deposited on SnO_2 transparent electrodes, Their photovoltages were measured and compared. It has been found that a more favorable orientation and closer proximity are attained in the diad compounds between the donor (phthalocyanine)-acceptor(anthraquinone) pair than in the simple compound for efficient light-induced charge separation and transfer. The triad compound is the best among all tested compounds.展开更多
Objective To explore the diagnosis and treatment features of tuberous sclerosis complex associated renal cell carcinoma. Methods A 22-year-old boy with a childhood history of epilepsy and mental retardation pres-
We present two cases of pulmonary MAC infection in women with Hürthle cell thyroid carcinoma. Both cases were asymptomatic octogenarian women with active Hürthle cell thyroid carcinoma and prolonged periods ...We present two cases of pulmonary MAC infection in women with Hürthle cell thyroid carcinoma. Both cases were asymptomatic octogenarian women with active Hürthle cell thyroid carcinoma and prolonged periods of hypothyroidism prior to diagnosis of pulmonary MAC. Mycobacterium avium complex has never been reported in association with any type of thyroid cancer, specifically Hürthle cell carcinoma. A review of the literature and possible associations between the two are discussed in this article.展开更多
AIM:To investigate macular microperimetry in patients with early primary open angle glaucoma(POAG)using a new custom-made pattern,and analyze the characteristics of macular sensitivity.METHODS:This case-control study ...AIM:To investigate macular microperimetry in patients with early primary open angle glaucoma(POAG)using a new custom-made pattern,and analyze the characteristics of macular sensitivity.METHODS:This case-control study included 38 patients with POAG,who were divided into pre-perimetric glaucoma(18 eyes of 18 patients),early-stage(20 eyes of 20 patients),and control(20 eyes of 20 patients)groups.All subjects underwent standard 24-2 humphrey visual field test.An MP-3 microperimeter with a new custom-made pattern(28 testing points distributed in four quadrants,covering the central 10°of the retina)was used to evaluate macular sensitivity.Ganglion cell complex(GCC)thicknesses were examined using an RS-3000 Advance OCT system.The features of structure and function were analysed per quadrant.RESULTS:The pre-perimetric glaucoma group had significantly lower inferior hemifield macular sensitivity compared to controls(P<0.05).The early-stage POAG group had significantly lower average,inferior hemifield,inferonasal,and inferotemporal mean sensitivities compared to the pre-perimetric glaucoma group(P<0.05),and lower macular sensitivity in all sectors compared to controls(P<0.05).Regarding GCC thickness,all sectors in the early-stage POAG group became thinner compared to those in controls(P<0.05);whereas all sectors in the early-stage POAG group,except the superonasal quadrant,became thinner compared to those in the pre-perimetric glaucoma group(P<0.05).Macular sensitivity and GCC thickness were significantly associated in each sector.The inferotemporal quadrant had the highest correlation coefficients(0.840).The structure-function relationship for the inferonasal and inferotemporal sectors was stronger compared to the corresponding superior sectors.CONCLUSION:Microperimetry reveals variations in macular sensitivity in patients with early glaucoma earlier than conventional perimetry,particularly in pre-perimetric glaucoma cases in which it might be undetectable by conventional methods.The new custom-made pattern may improve the accuracy of microperimetry by enhancing point arrangement and reducing fatigue effects.Macular sensitivity measured by MP-3 with this pattern shows statistically significant structural and functional associations with the thicknesses of the GCC.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: To study the efficacy and explore the mechanism of the anti-tumor immunity elicited by heat shock protein 70-peptide complexes (HSP70-PC) derived from tumor cells. METHODS: Cells culture, flow cytometric an...OBJECTIVE: To study the efficacy and explore the mechanism of the anti-tumor immunity elicited by heat shock protein 70-peptide complexes (HSP70-PC) derived from tumor cells. METHODS: Cells culture, flow cytometric analysis, affinity chromatography for protein purification, SDS-PAGE, Western-blotting and animal experiment were used. RESULTS: HSP70-PC immunization rendered protective effect to both naive tumorl-bearing mice. All of the naive mice obtained complete resistance to Hcaf cell attack; 40% of the tumor-bearing mice survived for over 90 days, whereas the mice of control group died within 2 weeks (P展开更多
AIM: To elucidate the molecular mechanisms leading to development of functionally impaired dendritic cells(DCs) in chronic hepatitis C(CHC) patients infected with genotype 3 virus.METHODS: This prospective study was c...AIM: To elucidate the molecular mechanisms leading to development of functionally impaired dendritic cells(DCs) in chronic hepatitis C(CHC) patients infected with genotype 3 virus.METHODS: This prospective study was conducted on the cohorts of CHC individuals identified as responders or non-responders to antiviral therapy. Myeloid DCs were isolated from the peripheral blood of each subject using CD1c(BDCA1)+ DC isolation Kit. Monocytes from healthy donor were cultured with DC growth factors such as IL-4 and GM-CSF either in the presence or absence of hepatitis C virus(HCV) viral proteins followed by LPS stimulation. Phenotyping was done by flowcytometry and gene expression profiling was evaluated by real-time PCR.RESULTS: Non-responders [sustained virological response(SVR)-ve] to conventional antiviral therapy had significantly higher expression of genes associated with interferon responsive element such as IDO1 and PD-L1(6-fold) and negative regulators of JAK-STAT pathway such as SOCS(6-fold) as compared to responders(SVR+ve) to antiviral therapy. The downregulated genes in non-responders included factors involved in antigen processing and presentation mainly belonging to major histocompatibility complex(MHC) Class-Ⅱ family as HLA-DP, HLA-DQ(2-fold) and superoxide dismutase(2-fold). Cells grown in the presence of HCV viral proteins had genes downregulated for factors involved in innate response, interferon signaling, DC maturation and co-stimulatory signaling to T-cells, while the genes for cytokine signaling and Toll-like receptors(4-fold) were upregulated as compared to cells grown in absence of viral proteins.CONCLUSION: Underexpressed MHC class-Ⅱ genes and upregulated negative regulators in non-responders indicate diminished capacity to present antigen and may constitute mechanism of functionally defective state of DCs.展开更多
基金Supported by Tianjin Key Medical Discipline(Specialty)Construction Project(No.TJYXZDXK-016A)。
文摘AIM:To investigate the association of ganglion cell complex thickness(GCCt),global loss volume percentage(GLV%),and focal loss volume percentage(FLV%)with structural and functional findings among patients with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy(CCSC)and recurrent central serous chorioretinopathy(RCSC)by optical coherence tomography(OCT).METHODS:Among 29 patients with monocular affected central serous chorioretinopathy(CSC),15 had CCSC,and 14 had RCSC.The GCCt,FLV%,GLV%,and subfoveal choroidal thickness(SFCT)and sublesional choroidal thickness(SLCT)values were determined using OCT,and the association of these characteristics with neural structure parameters,choroidal morphology,features and functional alterations were estimated for the CCSC and RCSC patients.RESULTS:In CCSC,the affected eyes had significantly lower GCCt values than the fellow eyes in the macular regions(all P<0.05),with the highest GCCt observed in the inferior area.A significant association was found between the GCCt in different regions and the change in best corrected visual acuity(BCVA;r=-0.696;-0.695;-0.694,P<0.05)in CCSC patients.A statistically significant moderate negative correlation indicated that long-term CCSC was associated with greater differences in the GCCt in different regions between affected and fellow eyes(r=-0.562;r=-0.556;r=0.525,P<0.05).Additionally,observation of thickened SFCT was associated with a worse FLV%(r=0.599;r=0.546,P<0.05)in both groups.Similarly,thickened SLCT was associated with FLV%in RCSC patients(r=0.544,P<0.05).CONCLUSION:The distribution and GCCt are associated with the duration and visual outcomes of CCSC,whereas there is no correlation among RCSC patients.FLV%may be instrumental in differentiating the various outer choroidal vessels(pachyvessels)in long-term CSC.These results suggest that neural structure parameters may aid in estimating and predicting the recovery of altered morphology and function in CCSC and RCSC patients.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81500719)
文摘AIM:To evaluate the ability of macular ganglion cell complex(GCC) thickness using Fourier domain optical coherence tomography(FD-OCT) to detect glaucoma in highly myopic eyes.METHODS:Cross-sectional study.A total of 114 participants,consecutively were enrolled.Macular GCC thickness and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL) thickness were obtained with RTVue FD-OCT.Receiver operating characteristics curves were constructed for each measurement parameter,and areas under the curves(AUCs) were compared.RESULTS:Both the average GCC and average RNFL thickness showed negative correlations with axial length(rGCC=-0.404,P=0.001;rRNFL=-0.561,P〈0.001).The largest AUCs from GCC,and RNFL parameters were 0.968 [global loss volume(GLV)],and 0.855(average RNFL),respectively.GLV was significantly better for detecting high myopic glaucoma than average RNFL(P〈0.001).CONCLUSION:Macular GCC thickness has higher diagnostic power than peripapillary RNFL thickness to discriminate glaucoma patients from non-glaucoma subjects in high myopia.
文摘AIM:To assess the ganglion cell complex(GCC)thickness in diabetic eyes without retinopathy. METHODS:Two groups included 45 diabetic eyes without retinopathy and 21 non diabetic eyes. All subjects underwent full medical and ophthalmological history,full ophthalmological examination,measuring GCC thickness and central foveal thickness(CFT)using the RTVue~? spectral domainoptical coherence tomography(SD-OCT),and HbA1C level.RESULTS:GCC focal loss volume(FLV%)was significantly more in diabetic eyes(22.2% below normal)than normal eyes(P=0.024). No statistically significant difference was found between the diabetic group and the control group regarding GCC global loss volume(GLV%)(P=0.160). CFT was positively correlated to the average,superior and inferior GCC(P=0.001,0.000 and 0.001 respectively)and negatively correlated to GLV% and FLV%(P=0.002 and0.031 respectively)in diabetic eyes. C/D ratio in diabetic eyes was negatively correlated to average,superior and inferior GCC(P=0.015,0.007 and 0.017 respectively). The FLV% was negatively correlated to the refraction and level of Hb A1c(P=0.019 and 0.013 respectively)and positively correlated to the best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)in log MAR in diabetic group(P=0.004).CONCLUSION:Significant GCC thinning in diabetes predates retinal vasculopathy,which is mainly focal rather than diffuse. It has no preference to either the superior or inferior halves of the macula. Increase of myopic error is significantly accompanied with increased focal GCC loss. GCC loss is accompanied with increased C/D ratio in diabetic eyes.
文摘BACKGROUND Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy(AION)is a group of ophthalmic diseases in which the optic nerve is injured causing blindness.However,the pathogenesis,clinical manifestations,and clinical treatments of AION are yet elusive.Only a few related experimental or clinical reports are available on the disease.In this study,spectral domain optical coherence tomography(SD-OCT)was used to examine the morphology of thickness swelling and atrophic changes of macular ganglion cell complex(mGCC)in the different stages of AION that were then compared with the visual fields.Thus,the clinical value of mGCC examination was alleged to be similar to that of the visual field.AIM To explore the mGCC injury at different stages in AION and the clinical significance.METHODS Cases with AION were analyzed in a retrospective study.SD-OCT was used to analyze the correlation between mGCC and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thicknesses at different stages of AION and the changes in the corresponding stages of visual fields.RESULTS A total of 21 cases(28 eyes)presented AION.The onset time of AION was defined as early stage(within 3 wk of onset),middle stage(from 3 wk to 2 mo),and late stage(disease span>2 mo).In the early stage,the mGCC thickness of SD-OCT was within the normal high limit,and the perioptic nerve fibers thickness was more than the normal.The changes in the visual field in early stage were not consistent with the swelling changes in mGCC and peri-disc nerve fibers.In addition,atrophy and thinning appeared in mGCC,and the perioptic nerve fibers were swollen.However,the thickness was lower in the middle period than that in the early stage.The change in visual field was consistent with that of mGCC in this period.In the late stage,mGCC shrank and thinned,and the thickness of the nerve fibers around the optic disc in the corresponding region shrank and thinned.CONCLUSION The changes in mGCC thickness in patients with AION showed early,middle,and late stages of development by SD-OCT.Although the early stage visual field changes of AION were not consistent with the swelling changes of mGCC,the horizontal delimitation or annular atrophy of mGCC was consistent with that in the middle and late stage of the disease.The atrophy of peripheral nerve fibers was later than that of the mGCC atrophy.
基金the ICT R&D program of MSIT/IITP(No.2018-0-00242,Development of AI ophthalmologic diagnosis and smart treatment platform based on big data)
文摘AIM: To assess choroidal thickness(CT) and its association with ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer thickness(GCIPLT) and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness(RNFLT) in open angle glaucoma(OAG) comparing with preperimetric glaucoma(PPG) and normal eyes.METHODS: Totally 55 eyes of OAG, 40 eyes of PPG, and 40 eyes of age-matched normal eyes were studied. Peripapillary CT(PCT), macular CT(MCT), RNFLT, and GCIPLT were evaluated. Relationship between the CT with RNFLT and GCIPLT were studied. The correlation between CT and confounding variables as gender, age, intraocular pressure, and visual field mean deviation were analyzed. RESULTS: Mean PCT were 113.6±39.1 μm in OAG, 116.3±42.7 μm in PPG, and 148.9±41.7 μm in normal eyes. PCT and MCT was thinner in OAG compared to healthy eyes. There was a significant correlation for PCT and mean RNFLT in 1, 2, 6, and 7 clock hours of OAG eyes. The difference in PCT remained after adjusting for axial length, age, and disc area(P=0.003). No significant correlation was shown between MCT and mean GCIPLT in all eyes.CONCLUSION: PCT is thinner in OAG and PPG compared with healthy eyes. The correlation of RNFLT and PCT found in OAG and PPG is not revealed in normal eyes.
基金supported by Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Tongren Hospital Key Medical Development Plan[trzdyxzy201801].
文摘Objective The aim of this study was to investigate macular perfusion changes and ganglion cell complex(GCC)loss in patients with unexplained visual loss following vitrectomy and silicone oil(SO)tamponade,and to evaluate the correlation between retinal blood flow and GCC loss using optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)and optical coherence tomography(OCT).Methods This retrospective study included seven eyes(seven patients)with unexpected visual loss after vitrectomy and SO tamponade.OCTA was used to evaluate the alterations in retinal vessel density(VD)in the superficial capillary plexus(SCP),deep capillary plexus(DCP),and radial peripapillary capillary plexus(RPCP).OCT was used to measure the thickness of GCC and retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL).Medical records of patients were reviewed.Results Quantitative analysis of OCTA images revealed a significant reduction in SCP VD in the affected eyes compared with the controls(all sections P<0.05).No difference was found in GCC thickness,but FLV(focal loss volume)and GLV(global loss volume)were significantly higher in the affected eyes(both P<0.001).SCP VD was inversely correlated with FLV and GLV.Conclusions Silicone oil-related severe visual loss was associated with superficial retinal microvasculature damage and ganglion cell apoptosis.
文摘AIM: To review the use of spectral domain optical coherence tomography(SD-OCT) for macular retinal ganglion cells(RGC) and ganglion cell complex(GCC) measurement in glaucoma assessment, specifically for early detection and detection of disease progression. METHODS: A systematic review was performed by searching Pub Med, Medline, and Web of Science for articles published in English through July 2014 describing the various macular SD-OCT scanning strategies developed for glaucoma assessment. The review focused on papers evaluating the use of macular RGC/GCC SDOCT to detect early glaucoma and its progression. The search included keywords corresponding to the index test(macular ganglion cell/RGC/GCC/Spectral domain OCT), the target condition(glaucoma), and diagnostic performance. The RGC/GCC SD-OCT scanning strategies used to assess glaucoma of most commonly used SD-OCT instruments were described and compared. These included the Cirrus high definition-OCT(Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc., Dublin, CA, United States), RTVue(Optovue, Inc., Fremont, CA, United States), Spectralis(Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany) and the 3D OCT 2000(Topcon Corporation, Tokyo, Japan). Studies focusing on the ability of RGC/GCC SD-OCT to detect early glaucomatous damage and on the correlation between glaucomatous progression and RGC/GCC measurement by SD-OCT were reviewed.RESULTS: According to the literature, macular RGC/GCC SD-OCT has high diagnostic power of preperimetric glaucoma, reliable discrimination ability to differentiate between healthy eyes and glaucomatous eyes, with good correlation with visual filed damage. The current data suggests that it may serve as a sensitive detection tool for glaucomatous structural progression even with mild functional progression as the rate of change of RGC/GCC thickness was found to be significantly higher in progressing than in stable eyes. Glaucoma assessment with RGC/GCC SD-OCT was comparable with and sometimes better than circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness measurement.CONCLUSION: An increasing body of evidence supports using macular RGC/GCC thickness as an indicator for early glaucoma. This might be a useful tool for monitoring disease progression.
文摘The Merkel cell-neurite complex initiates the perception of touch and mediates Ap slowly adapting type I responses. Lichen planus is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease with T-cell-mediated inflammation, whereas hyperkeratosis is characterized with or without epithelial dysplasia in the oral mucosa. To determine the effects of lichen planus and hyperkeratosis on the Merkel cell-neurite complex, healthy oral mucosal epithelium and lesional oral mucosal epithelium of lichen planus and hyperkeratosis patients were stained by immunohistochemistry (the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex and double immunofluorescence methods)using pan cytokeratin, cytokeratin 20 (K20, a Merkel cell marker), and neurofilament 200 (NF200, a myelinated Aβ- and Aδ-nerve fibre marker) antibodies. N F200-immunoreactive (ir) nerve fibres in healthy tissues and in the lesional oral mucosa epithelium of lichen planus and hyperkeratosis were counted and statistically analysed. In the healthy oral mucosa, K20-positive Merkel cells with and without close association to the intraepithelial NF200-ir nerve fibres were detected. In the lesional oral mucosa of lichen planus and hyperkeratosis patients, extremely rare NF200-ir nerve fibres were detected only in the lamina propria. Compared with healthy tissues, lichen planus and hyperkeratosis tissues had significantly decreased numbers of NF200-ir nerve fibres in the oral mucosal epithelium. Lichen planus and hyperkeratosis were associated with the absence of Aβ-nerve endings in the oral mucosal epithelium. Thus, we conclude that mechanosensation mediated by the Merkel cell-neurite complex in the oral mucosal epithelium is impaired in lichen planus and hvperkeratosis.
文摘This paper reports the effects of the Yh^(3+) and its four complexes on cultured cells.The results indicate that the 5 mmol YbCl_3 has evident toxicity on cultured cells,and after it is coordinated with ligands,its toxicity is decreased.These.four complexes neither destroy the growth nor inhibit the adliesion of diploid cell to the surface of the flasket,but they inhibit the adhesion of cancer cells,and result in cell death.The complex of Yb~?(3+) with ligand(1) can destroy the cancer cells in division phase.forming aberrant mitotic cells,but the other three complexes of Yb^(3+) with ligands can destroy the cancer cells in interphase.These effects depend on the dose of the complex.
基金supported by the financial support of Natural Science Research Program of Jiangsu Education Department(No.13KJB310014)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20140429)the Natural Science Foundation of Nantong University(No.14ZY015,No.13R23)
文摘The aim of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of heparin/fibronectin (Hep/Fn) complexes on neointimal hyperplasia following endovascular intervention. Hep/Fn complexes were immobilized onto titanium (Ti) surfaces, with subsequent X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Toluidine Blue 0 (TBO) and immunohistochemistry methods were used to characterize surface properties. Smooth muscle cell (SMC) cultures were used to evaluate the effect of Hep/Fn complexes on SMC proliferation. Results showed that Hep/Fn complexes successfully immobilized onto Ti surfaces and resulted in an inhibition of SMC proliferation. This study suggests that Hep/Fn surface-immobilized biomaterials develop as a new generation of biomaterials to prevent neointimal hyperplasia, particularly for use in cardiovascular implants.
基金Supported by the State Key Program of Fundamental Research( G19980 613 0 8) National Natural Science Foundationof China( Nos.2 99710 0 5 ,2 0 0 2 3 0 0 5 ,2 0 0 710 0 4) ,and Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas ChineseScholars( State
文摘Background: We investigated the immunohistochemical expression of Arp2/3 complex in 88 oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs) and correlated it with the tumor type and grade. Materials and methods: This is a retrospective study of 88 cases of OSCCs (9 verrucous carcinomas, 4 carcinomas in situ, 37 well differentiated OSCCs, 32 moderately differentiated OSCCs, and 6 poorly differentiated OSCCs), stained with mouse monoclonal antibodies for Arp2 and Arp3. Staining was graded according to the extent of positivity by two observers. Results: Arp2 positivity was seen in 79 (89.77%) cases and Arp3 positivity in 78 (88.63%) cases. In positive cases, Arp2 expression was graded as (+) in 12.5%, (++) in 28.4% and (+++) in 48.86% of the cases;Arp3 was graded as (+) in 36.36%, (++) in 30.68% and (+++) in 21.59% of the cases. Conclusion: Expression of Arp2 and Arp3, indicative of the formation of the Arp2/3 complex, was seen in most OSCCs examined. Although no statistically significant correlation was found between the immunohistochemical expression of Arp2/Arp3 and tumor type or grade, the more common expression in invasive OSCCs than in non-invasive verrucous carcinomas and carcinomas in situ is indicative of its involvement in the biological behaviour of the lesions. The availability of Arp2/3 inhibitors that could be used in clinical practice warrants further study of the expression of Arp2/3 in OSCC.
文摘I. THE COMPLEXITY OFBIOLOGICAL RESPONSESFor an organism, to be living or notdepends on its response to foreign matters.Facing the increasing amount and diversi-ty of chemicals, natural and synthetic, tounderstand the principles of the biologicalresponses becomes extremely importantin pursuing the way of rational utiliza-tion and governing the foreign matters.However, most biological responses aretoo complex to explore their nature. Forinstance, the risk to human beings andorganisms related to the application ofrare earths in agriculture, forestation, fish-ery and husbandry has been argued
文摘Covalently linked phthalocyanine complexes were incorporated in bilayer lipid membranes(BLN) and deposited on SnO_2 transparent electrodes, Their photovoltages were measured and compared. It has been found that a more favorable orientation and closer proximity are attained in the diad compounds between the donor (phthalocyanine)-acceptor(anthraquinone) pair than in the simple compound for efficient light-induced charge separation and transfer. The triad compound is the best among all tested compounds.
文摘Objective To explore the diagnosis and treatment features of tuberous sclerosis complex associated renal cell carcinoma. Methods A 22-year-old boy with a childhood history of epilepsy and mental retardation pres-
文摘We present two cases of pulmonary MAC infection in women with Hürthle cell thyroid carcinoma. Both cases were asymptomatic octogenarian women with active Hürthle cell thyroid carcinoma and prolonged periods of hypothyroidism prior to diagnosis of pulmonary MAC. Mycobacterium avium complex has never been reported in association with any type of thyroid cancer, specifically Hürthle cell carcinoma. A review of the literature and possible associations between the two are discussed in this article.
基金Hebei Medical Science Research Project Program(No.20230067).
文摘AIM:To investigate macular microperimetry in patients with early primary open angle glaucoma(POAG)using a new custom-made pattern,and analyze the characteristics of macular sensitivity.METHODS:This case-control study included 38 patients with POAG,who were divided into pre-perimetric glaucoma(18 eyes of 18 patients),early-stage(20 eyes of 20 patients),and control(20 eyes of 20 patients)groups.All subjects underwent standard 24-2 humphrey visual field test.An MP-3 microperimeter with a new custom-made pattern(28 testing points distributed in four quadrants,covering the central 10°of the retina)was used to evaluate macular sensitivity.Ganglion cell complex(GCC)thicknesses were examined using an RS-3000 Advance OCT system.The features of structure and function were analysed per quadrant.RESULTS:The pre-perimetric glaucoma group had significantly lower inferior hemifield macular sensitivity compared to controls(P<0.05).The early-stage POAG group had significantly lower average,inferior hemifield,inferonasal,and inferotemporal mean sensitivities compared to the pre-perimetric glaucoma group(P<0.05),and lower macular sensitivity in all sectors compared to controls(P<0.05).Regarding GCC thickness,all sectors in the early-stage POAG group became thinner compared to those in controls(P<0.05);whereas all sectors in the early-stage POAG group,except the superonasal quadrant,became thinner compared to those in the pre-perimetric glaucoma group(P<0.05).Macular sensitivity and GCC thickness were significantly associated in each sector.The inferotemporal quadrant had the highest correlation coefficients(0.840).The structure-function relationship for the inferonasal and inferotemporal sectors was stronger compared to the corresponding superior sectors.CONCLUSION:Microperimetry reveals variations in macular sensitivity in patients with early glaucoma earlier than conventional perimetry,particularly in pre-perimetric glaucoma cases in which it might be undetectable by conventional methods.The new custom-made pattern may improve the accuracy of microperimetry by enhancing point arrangement and reducing fatigue effects.Macular sensitivity measured by MP-3 with this pattern shows statistically significant structural and functional associations with the thicknesses of the GCC.
文摘OBJECTIVE: To study the efficacy and explore the mechanism of the anti-tumor immunity elicited by heat shock protein 70-peptide complexes (HSP70-PC) derived from tumor cells. METHODS: Cells culture, flow cytometric analysis, affinity chromatography for protein purification, SDS-PAGE, Western-blotting and animal experiment were used. RESULTS: HSP70-PC immunization rendered protective effect to both naive tumorl-bearing mice. All of the naive mice obtained complete resistance to Hcaf cell attack; 40% of the tumor-bearing mice survived for over 90 days, whereas the mice of control group died within 2 weeks (P
基金Supported by Council of Scientific and Industrial Research,No.27(0262)12/EMR-II
文摘AIM: To elucidate the molecular mechanisms leading to development of functionally impaired dendritic cells(DCs) in chronic hepatitis C(CHC) patients infected with genotype 3 virus.METHODS: This prospective study was conducted on the cohorts of CHC individuals identified as responders or non-responders to antiviral therapy. Myeloid DCs were isolated from the peripheral blood of each subject using CD1c(BDCA1)+ DC isolation Kit. Monocytes from healthy donor were cultured with DC growth factors such as IL-4 and GM-CSF either in the presence or absence of hepatitis C virus(HCV) viral proteins followed by LPS stimulation. Phenotyping was done by flowcytometry and gene expression profiling was evaluated by real-time PCR.RESULTS: Non-responders [sustained virological response(SVR)-ve] to conventional antiviral therapy had significantly higher expression of genes associated with interferon responsive element such as IDO1 and PD-L1(6-fold) and negative regulators of JAK-STAT pathway such as SOCS(6-fold) as compared to responders(SVR+ve) to antiviral therapy. The downregulated genes in non-responders included factors involved in antigen processing and presentation mainly belonging to major histocompatibility complex(MHC) Class-Ⅱ family as HLA-DP, HLA-DQ(2-fold) and superoxide dismutase(2-fold). Cells grown in the presence of HCV viral proteins had genes downregulated for factors involved in innate response, interferon signaling, DC maturation and co-stimulatory signaling to T-cells, while the genes for cytokine signaling and Toll-like receptors(4-fold) were upregulated as compared to cells grown in absence of viral proteins.CONCLUSION: Underexpressed MHC class-Ⅱ genes and upregulated negative regulators in non-responders indicate diminished capacity to present antigen and may constitute mechanism of functionally defective state of DCs.