Studies on the Specific Degranulation of Mast Cell Sensitized by Several Allergens in vitro

Food allergy is a major health issue worldwide. Mast cells play a very important role in the immediate hypersensitivity for which mast cell degranulation needs to be studied extensively. In this study, an approach was taken to study the characteristics of sensitized mast cell degranulation in vitro, which associated with the study of mast cells and animal models. BALB/c mice were immunized respectively by several food allergens, then blood and peritoneal mast cells were collected at different time points. A dynamic determination was carried out between mast cells and serumal IgE. Comparative analysis on sequential time points showed that there was a close coincidence between mast cell degranulation and IgE antibody titers in sensitized BALB/c mice. Furthermore, it is interesting that sensitized mast cells could implement specific degranulation against the challenges in vitro, but the closely tropomyosins induced mast cell degranulation displayed cross reactions. This is very similar to IgE resisting the allergens in vivo. The study disclosed some characteristics on mast cells, coming from sensitized BALB/c mice, degranulation in vitro.

Mast Cell Stabilizing,Antianaphylactic and Antihistaminic Activity of Coccinia grandis Fruits in Asthma

Coccinia grandis Linn(Curcubitaceae) is a climber herb cultivated throughout India.In traditional medicine fruits have been used to treat leprosy,fever,asthma,bronchitis and jaundice.In present study,ethanol extract of C.grandis fruit(ECGF) at 100,125 and 150 mg·kg-1,i.p.,was evaluated for mast cell stabilizing,antianaphylactic and antihistaminic activity using egg albumin induced mast cell degranulation in mice;passive cutaneous anaphylaxis in rats and clonidine induced catalepsy in mice respectively.ECGF at(100-150 mg·kg-1,i.p.) significantly protected egg albumin induced degranulations of mast cells and caused reduction of blue dye leakage in passive cutaneous anaphylaxis in dose dependently.The treatment ECGF also inhibited clonidine induced catalepsy in dose dependent manner.Phytochemical studies observed presence of saponin,steroids,alkaloids,flavonoids and glycosides.In conclusion ECGF possesses mast cell stabilizing;anti anaphylactic and antihistaminic potential which might be used in treatment of asthma.

Panax Notoginseng Saponins Restrains Ischemia-reperfusion-induced Rat Mesenteric Microcirculatory Disturbance

Objective: To investigate the effect of Panax notoginseng saponins(PNS) on ischemia reperfusion(I/R) induced rat mesenteric microcirculatory dysfunctions.Methods: Male Wistar rats weighting 200–250 g were subjected to 10 min ligation of the superior mesenteric artery and vein, followed by60 min reperfusion. PNS(5 mg/kg/hr) was continuously administrated starting from 10 min before ischemia or 10 min after reperfusion until60 min after reperfusion via left jugular vein. Leukocytes adhesion, mast cell degranulation, endothelial peroxidation, and albumin leakage of rat mesenteric venules were observed. Serum myeloperoxidase(MPO) level, intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1) expression and Src phosphorylation were examined.Results: PNS ameliorated leukocyte adhesion and mast cell degranulation, while with no obvious effects on endothelial peroxidation and albumin leakage. In addition, PNS inhibited serum MPO increase, intestinal ICAM-1 expression and Src phosphorylation induced by I/R.Conclusions: PNS ameliorated I/R-induced leukocyte adhesion and mast cell degranulation, the former is related to its inhibition of Src phosphorylation and ICAM-1 expression.