Since its inception, endoscopy has aimed to establish an immediate diagnosis that is virtually consistent with a histologic diagnosis. In the past decade, confocal laser scanning microscopy has been brought into endos...Since its inception, endoscopy has aimed to establish an immediate diagnosis that is virtually consistent with a histologic diagnosis. In the past decade, confocal laser scanning microscopy has been brought into endoscopy, thus enabling in vivo microscopic tissue visualization with a magnification and resolution comparable to that obtained with the ex vivo microscopy of histological specimens. The major challenge in the development of instrumentation lies in the miniaturization of a fiber-optic probe for microscopic imaging with micron-scale resolution. Here, we present the design and construction of a confocal endoscope based on a fiber bundle with 1.4-μm lateral resolution and 8-frames per second(fps) imaging speed. The fiber-optic probe has a diameter of 2.6 mm that is compatible with the biopsy channel of a conventional endoscope. The prototype of a confocal endoscope has been used to observe epithelial cells of the gastrointestinal tracts of mice and will be further demonstrated in clinical trials. In addition, the confocal endoscope can be used for translational studies of epithelial function in order to monitor how molecules work and how cells interact in their natural environment.展开更多
Celiac disease(CD)is an autoimmune disease of the small bowel induced by ingestion of wheat,rye and barley.Current guidelines indicate histological analysis on at least four duodenal biopsies as the only way to diagno...Celiac disease(CD)is an autoimmune disease of the small bowel induced by ingestion of wheat,rye and barley.Current guidelines indicate histological analysis on at least four duodenal biopsies as the only way to diagnose CD.These indications are based on the conception of the inability of standard endoscopy to make diagnosis of CD and/or to drive biopsy sampling.Over the last years,technology development of endoscopic devices has greatly ameliorated the accuracy of macroscopic evaluation of duodenal villous pattern,increasing the diagnostic power of endoscopy of CD.The aim of this paper is to review the new endoscopic tools and procedures proved to be useful in the diagnosis of CD,such as chromoendoscopy,Fujinon Intelligent Chromo Endoscopy,Narrow Band Imaging,Optical Coherence Tomography,Water-Immersion Technique,confocal laser endomicroscopy,high-resolution magnification endoscopy,capsule endoscopy and I-Scan technology.展开更多
Currently,in gastrointestinal endoscopy there is increasing interest in high resolution endoscopic technologies that can complement high-definition white light endoscopy by providing real-time subcellular imaging of t...Currently,in gastrointestinal endoscopy there is increasing interest in high resolution endoscopic technologies that can complement high-definition white light endoscopy by providing real-time subcellular imaging of the epithelial surface.These 'optical biopsy' technologies offer the potential to improve diagnostic accuracy and yield,while facilitating real-time decision-making.Although many endoscopic techniques have preliminarily shown high accuracy rates,these technologies are still evolving.This review will provide an overview of the most promising high-resolution imaging technologies,including high resolution microendoscopy,optical coherence tomography,endocytoscopy and confocal laser endoscopy.This review will also discuss the application and current limitations of these technologies for the early detection of neoplasia in Barrett's esophagus,ulcerative colitis and colorectal cancer.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Technology R&D Program of China (2011BAI12B06)National Natural Science Foundation of China (61205197 and 61178077)
文摘Since its inception, endoscopy has aimed to establish an immediate diagnosis that is virtually consistent with a histologic diagnosis. In the past decade, confocal laser scanning microscopy has been brought into endoscopy, thus enabling in vivo microscopic tissue visualization with a magnification and resolution comparable to that obtained with the ex vivo microscopy of histological specimens. The major challenge in the development of instrumentation lies in the miniaturization of a fiber-optic probe for microscopic imaging with micron-scale resolution. Here, we present the design and construction of a confocal endoscope based on a fiber bundle with 1.4-μm lateral resolution and 8-frames per second(fps) imaging speed. The fiber-optic probe has a diameter of 2.6 mm that is compatible with the biopsy channel of a conventional endoscope. The prototype of a confocal endoscope has been used to observe epithelial cells of the gastrointestinal tracts of mice and will be further demonstrated in clinical trials. In addition, the confocal endoscope can be used for translational studies of epithelial function in order to monitor how molecules work and how cells interact in their natural environment.
文摘Celiac disease(CD)is an autoimmune disease of the small bowel induced by ingestion of wheat,rye and barley.Current guidelines indicate histological analysis on at least four duodenal biopsies as the only way to diagnose CD.These indications are based on the conception of the inability of standard endoscopy to make diagnosis of CD and/or to drive biopsy sampling.Over the last years,technology development of endoscopic devices has greatly ameliorated the accuracy of macroscopic evaluation of duodenal villous pattern,increasing the diagnostic power of endoscopy of CD.The aim of this paper is to review the new endoscopic tools and procedures proved to be useful in the diagnosis of CD,such as chromoendoscopy,Fujinon Intelligent Chromo Endoscopy,Narrow Band Imaging,Optical Coherence Tomography,Water-Immersion Technique,confocal laser endomicroscopy,high-resolution magnification endoscopy,capsule endoscopy and I-Scan technology.
文摘Currently,in gastrointestinal endoscopy there is increasing interest in high resolution endoscopic technologies that can complement high-definition white light endoscopy by providing real-time subcellular imaging of the epithelial surface.These 'optical biopsy' technologies offer the potential to improve diagnostic accuracy and yield,while facilitating real-time decision-making.Although many endoscopic techniques have preliminarily shown high accuracy rates,these technologies are still evolving.This review will provide an overview of the most promising high-resolution imaging technologies,including high resolution microendoscopy,optical coherence tomography,endocytoscopy and confocal laser endoscopy.This review will also discuss the application and current limitations of these technologies for the early detection of neoplasia in Barrett's esophagus,ulcerative colitis and colorectal cancer.
