Examining the relationship between sport and health among USA women:An analysis of the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System

Background：Research has been conducted linking sports participation and health in childhood and adolescence;however,little is known about the contribution of sport to women＇s health.The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between sport and women＇s health in the USA by analyzing data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System（BRFSS）.Methods：This study was a secondary data analysis of the 2013 national BRFSS survey.Unlike the BRFSS core component from previous years,in2013,participants were questioned extensively about their physical activity behaviors.Seventy-six different activities were identifie by the participants.Two researchers categorized the 76 activities as sport,conditioning exercise,recreation,or household tasks based on previously identifie categories.Logistic regression was utilized to calculate odds ratios and adjusted odds ratios for chronic diseases based on physical activity category.Results：Women who participated in sport had better health outcomes with significant y lower odds for all chronic diseases except asthma and better general health than women who participated in conditioning exercise,household tasks,or recreation,and many of the significan differences remained after controlling for demographic characteristics.Conclusion：Sport participation was associated with more positive health outcomes among women in the USA compared with the other categories.As a means to improve health of women,the USA could focus on efforts to increase sport participation among women.

Pregnancy in Patients with Shone Complex: A Single-Center Case Series

Background:There is limited literature written on the course and outcomes for pregnant mothers with Shone complex.Methods:We describe a case series of five pregnancies in four women with Shone complex within a multidisciplinary cardio-obstetrics clinic from 2016–2018.Results:Maternal age ranged from 21–39 years.Three patients had preserved left ventricular function while one had moderately decreased function.Gestational age at presentation ranged from 6–15 weeks.There were three successful pregnancies(mean gestational age=37 weeks,range 35–39 weeks)with one patient accounting for two unsuccessful pregnancies.All infants were delivered via Cesarean section.One infant required a NICU stay,but all other infants delivered were healthy.Conclusion:Patients with Shone complex can have successful pregnancies although complications can occur for both the mother and the baby.Comprehensive prenatal care,coordinated and consistent management during pregnancy,and tertiary care support can promote positive maternal and fetal outcomes.

Comparing Lifestyle Convenience of Multiple Daily Injection and Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion

Aim: This study investigated the lifestyle convenience of Insulin therapy for adult women patients with type 1 diabetes. Methods: Participants were type 1 diabetes adult women patients who switched from multiple daily injection (MDI) therapy to Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion (CSII) therapy. We conducted semi-structured interviews with participants. To analyze, we referenced the classification table of Hamada’s study comparing the usefulness of both the NovoPen? and CSII. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with the research subjects. The questions focused mainly on diabetes management, instrument operation, everyday life, and social, psychological and lifestyle convenience aspects during MDI and CSII. Results: Research subjects were 4 women patients with type 1 diabetes. The average age was 35.3 ± 6.24 (SE) years old. Participants were undergoing MDI therapy;however, in the middle, they switched to CSII therapy. CSII therapy is convenient in terms of diabetes management, social and psychological. MDI therapy is convenient in terms of instrument operation and daily life. Compared to MDI therapy, CSII therapy is less convenient in terms of instrument operation and everyday life. However, since CSII therapy has more stable HbA1c and blood glucose levels compared to MDI therapy, it is more convenient in terms of social and psychological aspects and reduces those burdens. About economy CSII therapy, patients paid about 5000 yen more per month compared to MDI therapy. Conclusion: It is believed that patients prioritize therapeutic effects, and choose CSII, which is stable in psychological and social aspects, even though it is inconvenient with life.

Gettig Vigilant About Women's Coronary Disease

IN the last year, 41 year-old Huang has suffered more frequently from chest pains and breathlessness, especially when she is tired or angry. These symptoms usually last three to five minutes but can linger for up to an hour or two. Nitroglycerin sometimes helps alleviate the symptoms but not always. No tell-tale abnormal signs show up in Holter, heart supersonic or electrocardiogram checks when the problem is coming on.

武汉铁路15066例已婚女职工生殖健康状况分析

目的了解铁路女职工生殖健康状况，为制定妇女疾病防治策略提供依据。方法采用妇科体检法，对武汉铁路已婚女职工进行妇科、白带常规检查，乳腺红外扫描，子宫附件B超和宫颈液基细胞检测（TCT）。结果在15066例妇检人群中。妇女疾病总患病率为79．80％（12022／15066），其中前3位是宫颈炎（45．49％）、乳腺疾病（44．26％）、阴道炎（20．80％）；宫颈炎、阴道炎均以40。49岁年龄段检出率最高，乳腺疾病以30～39岁年龄段检出率最高。结论铁路女职工的生殖健康状况不容乐观，定期开展妇女疾病普查普治，是提高妇女生殖健康、减少妇女疾病发生的关键。大力普及生殖健康知识，采取针对性干预措施是治本之策。

宁南县农村已婚育龄期妇女带下病中医证型的流行病学调查

目的:收集该人群中带下病的中医证候及其脉象的描述性资料,并对其进行统计处理,为带下病的分型、辨证标准及疾病证候的演变规律的阐明提供依据。方法:从流行病学角度,采用整群抽样的方法,对四川省凉山彝族自治州宁南县农村的806例已婚育龄期妇女进行调查,收集该人群中带下病的中医证候及其脉象的描述性资料,并对带下病的常见证候频次统计分析。结果:①根据频次筛选原则,归纳出该人群带下病的常见证候、次常见证候和非常见证候。②在宁南县西瑶乡检出的带下病以湿热下注型最为常见,其次为湿毒蕴结型及脾虚湿盛型,(肾)阴虚挟湿型及肾阳虚型较少见(P<0.05)。结论:四川省宁南县西瑶乡的带下病以湿热、湿毒证型多见,而肾虚证(阴虚挟湿或阳虚)较少见。

中山市小榄地区妇科疾病现状调查和妇女保健服务利用持续改进

目的：探讨中山市小榄地区已婚妇女保健服务利用的影响因素。方法随机选取中山市小榄地区20-54岁已婚育龄妇女530例，采用流行病学调查方法进行问卷调查，调查妇女保健服务利用状况与健康状况，分析妇女保健服务利用状况与妇科疾病发生的关系，以及影响妇女保健服务利用的因素。结果530例妇女中利用保健服务者164例，占30.94%（利用组），未利用保健服务者366例，占69.06%（未利用组）。利用组妇科疾病发病率为13.41%（22/164），明显低于未利用组的46.17%（169/366），差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。Logistic回归分析结果显示，收入水平、就医便利程度、医疗保障、保健意识对妇女保健服务利用具有明显影响（P〈0.05）。结论中山市小榄地区已婚妇女保健服务利用率较低，应加强妇女保健服务宣传力度，增强保健意识，提供便利就医环境，提高医疗保障水平，降低医疗花费，以降低妇科疾病发病率，提高妇女健康水平。

北京市流动人口妇女病普查结果分析

目的 了解社区流动人口妇女病的发病特点。方法 对北京市八里桥地区流动人口已婚及未婚有性生活妇女 987人进行妇女病普查并对结果进行分析。结果 有 89%的妇女首次进行正规妇女病普查 ,生殖道感染患病率为 81 2 % ,急慢性宫颈炎患病率为 35 2 % ,乳腺疾病患病率为 2 5 1% ,盆腔肿物患病率为 3 7% ,检出宫颈癌 1例。结论 流动人员定期妇女病普查率极低 ,此类人群生殖道感染发生率明显高于本地区同期常住人口 ,亦高于文献报道各类人群生殖道感染发生率 ,应从各方面足够重视这一群体 ,从而提高全社会女性生殖健康水平。

《济阴纲目》妇科疾病外治特色

分析《济阴纲目》妇科外治方药,总结其方剂、疾病、病机、剂型与用法、组方特色等。

新疆沙湾少数民族与汉族妇女常见病普查比较

目的 了解本地区少数民族妇女常见疾病及影响因素,为妇女保健工作提供依据.方法 回顾性分析全县行政、事业单位少数民族妇女常见疾病普查资料.结果 少数民族妇女602例,常见疾病患病人数为421例,患病率为69.93%;汉族妇女2 356人,常见疾病患病人数为1 366例,患病率为57.98%;少数民族妇女患病率明显高于汉族妇女（χ2=51.37,P〈0.01）.少数民族妇女各年龄组中以30～40岁组患病率最高,为76.38%.疾病顺位依次为宫颈炎、阴道炎、附件炎、乳腺增生、子宫肌瘤.结论 生殖道感染是危害本地区少数民族妇女生殖健康的首要问题,30～40岁年龄段是生殖保健的重点人群.

《金匮要略》论治妇人情志病刍议

张仲景《金匮要略》认为妇人生理病理特点是有余于气、不足于血。治疗情志病时应重视与经带胎产的关系,以调养心脾为法,用药时注意攻补兼施,用药温和,根据妇人的生理周期辨证论治。

《傅青主女科》产后病应用生化汤辨证思路探析

《傅青主女科》是清代著名医家傅山著述的一部妇产科学专著。书中病种众多,辨证详细、遣方用药平易精到,并创制和收录了多种对后世影响极大的方剂。其中由傅山先生收录的名方—生化汤,随证加减化裁治疗多种产后病,对后世妇女产后病的辨证治疗具有极其重要的临床指导意义。

公安县1366例妇女病普查结果分析

目的:探讨妇女病普查普治保健工作经验。方法:2007～2008年连续两年采用常规方法对1 366例妇女普查妇科病。结果:2007年普查872例,患病率为30%;2008年普查494例,患病率为42%。患病率以阴道炎、盆腔炎为高;乳腺病发病率呈上升趋势。结论:妇女病普查普治工作是妇女保健工作的重要内容。防治妇女病要做到早发现、早诊断、早治疗。

Species Distribution and In Vitro Antifungal Susceptibility of Vulvovaginal Candida Isolates in China

Background： Vulvovaginal candidiasis （WC） was a common infection associated with lifelong harassment of woman＇s social and sexual life. The purpose of this study was to describe the species distribution and in vitro antifungal susceptibility of Candida species （Candida spp.） isolated from patients with VVC over 8 years. Methods： Species which isolated from patients with VVC in Peking University First Hospital were identified using chromogenic culture media. Susceptibility to common antifungal agents was determined using agar diffusion method based on CLSI M44-A2 document. SPSS software （version 14.0, Inc., Chicago, IL, USA） was used for statistical analysis, involving statistical description and Chi-square test. Results： The most common strains were Candida （C.） albicans, 80.5% （n = 1775） followed by C. glabrata, 18.1% （n = 400）. Nystatin exhibited excellent activity against all species （〈4% resistant JR]）. Resistance to azole drugs varied among different species. C. albicans： clotrimazole （3.1% R） 〈 fluconazole （ 16.6% R） 〈 itraconazole （51.5% R） 〈 mieonazole （54.0% R）, C. glabrata： miconazole （25.6% R） 〈 clotrimazole （50.5% R） 〈 itraconazole （61.9% R） 〈 fluconazole （73.3% R）; Candida krusei： clotrimazole （0 R） 〈 fluconazole （57.7% R） 〈 miconazole （73.1% R） 〈 itraconazole （83.3% R）. The susceptibility of fluconazole was noticeably decreasing among all species in the study period. Conclusions： Nystatin was the optimal choice for the treatment of VVC at present. The species distribution and in ~＇itro antifungal susceptibility of Candida spp. isolated from patients with VVC had changed over time.

北京市海淀区接触职业病危害作业女工保健状况分析

目的了解北京市海淀区女工保健工作的现状，提高女工劳动保护水平。方法对海淀区辖区内监管的141家有女工从事接触职业病危害作业（化学毒物及噪声、振动、微波、高频、低温等物理因素）的单位进行女工保健状况现场问卷调查，并收集相关资料。问卷由中国疾病预防控制中心妇幼保健中心提供。结果141家单位包括国有企事业单位53家，集体企业21家，股份制企业46家，非公有制企业21家，共有女工12 251名，其中12 49名从事职业危害作业，占女工总数的10．19％（1249／12251）。16．31％（23／141）的单位无劳动保护管理机构，27．66％（39／141）的单位无就业前体检，无经期劳动保护管理制度的单位达48．94％（69／141），21．28％（30／141）的单位女工孕期工资发生变化，32．62％（46／141）的单位女工产期工资发生变化，2．13％（3／141）的单位安排女工从事国家禁忌女工从事的劳动（即连续负重作业），9．93％（14／141）的单位安排女工从事孕期禁忌从事的劳动，31．91％（45／141）的单位不将劳动时间内进行产前检查算作劳动时间，39．01％（55／141）的单位不负担女工生育费用，33．33％（47／141）的单位不将哺乳时间计入劳动时间。有68．09％（96／141）的单位每年定期组织女工进行妇科检查。收集到45家单位的职业健康检查报告，占调查单位数的31．91％（45／141），报告中未发现患有职业病的女工。共监测34家单位的1865个职业病危害因素监测点，其中155个监测点不合格，均为噪声作业点。结论女工保健工作形势不容乐观，要不断完善法律体系、加强宣传、明确监管部门及职责分工，做好女工保健工作。

洛阳市青少年女性下尿路症状流行病学调查分析

目的调查分析洛阳市青少年女性尿急、尿频、遗尿、尿失禁等下尿路症状的发生情况。方法在洛阳市某初中、高中、大学在校女生采取整层随机抽样,抽取1800人,采用女性尿失禁症状调查问卷,由被调查对象自己填写无记名式调查问卷。结果发出问卷1800份,回收有效问卷1739份。被调查人群中尿频发生率6.04%,其中初中、高中、大学组发生率分别为1.20%、9.38%、7.60%,3组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。尿急发生率51.2%,3组发生率分别为53.43%、50.62%、49.66%;遗尿发生率1.50%,3组发生率分别为2.41%、0.71%、1.35%;尿急和遗尿3组间比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。初中、高中、大学组尿失禁患病率分别为20.45%、10.44%、16.72%,3组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);尿失禁总患病率为15.93%,其中压力性尿失禁、急迫性尿失禁、混合性尿失禁分别为10.18%、1.67%、4.08%,其构成比为63.90%、10.47%、25.63%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论青少年女性下尿路症状发生率较高,应引起妇产科和泌尿外科医生的高度重视,加强有关下尿路症状方面的卫生宣教和治疗工作,以减轻和延缓尿失禁症状的发生。

《妇科采珍》抄本、刻本关系初探

《妇科采珍》现存杨际春抄本、绛州地忍堂刻本各1种。1988年，长春中医学院王耀廷教授将杨际春抄本《妇科采珍》整理出版，连载于《吉林中医药》杂志中。虽然杨际春抄本的形成时间晚于刻本，但仔细对比后可以发现，杨际春抄本并非抄自刻本，而有可能是抄自作者的某个稿本。

肖承悰从肝论治盆腔炎性疾病后遗症经验

总结肖承悰教授从肝论治盆腔炎性疾病后遗症的临证经验。在"妇人腹痛"的基础上提出"妇人慢性腹痛"的病名,认为肝郁为盆腔炎性疾病后遗症主要病机,以疏肝清热、疏肝健脾、补肾养肝为主要治则,临证应用经验方二草二花二藤汤及当归芍药散加减进行治疗。

某学院女职工妇科体检结果分析

目的了解学院女职工妇科体检结果，为增进女职工健康提供依据。方法对391例女职工进行常规妇科体检、阴道细胞学检查、宫颈上皮细胞病理检查、红外线乳房检查、阴道B超检查。结果妇科病检出率为63．68％。其中阴道炎、宫颈炎、乳腺增生和子宫肌瘤检出率最高。在30-40岁年龄段中，阴道炎、宫颈炎检出率处于年龄的高峰。在40-50岁中乳腺增生的检出率处于年龄的高峰，参检人员在55岁前，子宫肌瘤随年龄增长检出率逐渐增加。结论定期实施妇科体检是保证女性健康和提高工作生活质量的有效途径。