Relation between Economic Development Level and Resource and Environment Carrying Capacity of Central Area of Yunnan Province Based on Decoupling Analysis

Based on the decoupiing theory and method, an indicator system was built for the relation between economic development level and resource and environment carrying capacity. And the study was carried out on decoupling degree and temporal changes of economic development level and resource and environment carrying ca- pacity in the central area of Yunnan Province. Results indicated that （i） the economic development level and resource and environment carrying capacity in the central area of Yunnan Province mainly experienced strong decoupling, weak decoupling, and ex- pansive negative coupling, and in general it was strong decoupling, and it took on re- verse ＂N＂ in temporal changes. （ii） Change rate of economic development level in the central area of Yunnan Province was greater than zero, but the amplitude of change was not large, while the change rate of resource and environment carrying capacity was negative in 2007-2008, and it was positive in the rest years; from 2007, it took on gradual expansion trend, and scissors difference gradually increased after experi- encing reverse ＂V＂ change. （iii） The strong decoupling was the main situation and it reached the peak value in T5 period and T6 pedod.

Analysis and prediction of glacier evolution trend(2020-2100)in Northern Xinjiang

Glaciers,as“solid reservoirs”,are precious resources in arid areas.The study of glaciers is of great significance to the sustainable development and management of agriculture and the economy in northern Xinjiang.The area of glacier distribution on the 1963 topographic map data,1975 MSS data,2000 ETM data,2008 CBERS-2 data,2014 and 2018 ETM+were collected as secondary data.According to the remote sensing survey,the glacier areas in Northern Xinjiang are identified during 1963-2018.Based on the evolution of glacier area in the past 55 years,and using two scenarios,the average annual decrease area of a region during the whole 1963-2018 and the period with the minimum reduction area,the glacier areas of Southern Tianshan Mountains,Western Tianshan Mountains,Eastern Tianshan Mountains,the Sawuer Mountains and Altai Mountains in Northern Xinjiang,and the whole northern Xinjiang in 2030,2040,2050,and 2100 are examined and predicted.In 2100,the glacier area in Northern Xinjiang may decrease by 43%-59%.

A stratigraphical-geochemical study on the Chaco Paraná continental rift basin—An approach study based on regional sedimentology and drill-hole core analyses, South América

This paper is focused on a geologic “regional rift basin system pattern” and its stratigraphical-geochemical relationship. This is mainly based on the littoral shallow marine sedimentary succession paleogeography and deposits. These successions characterize the large extensional intracratonic Chaco Paraná Basin rift system. The basin is located in South America west of the Brazilian Shield. The analyzed rift basin system evolved from the Upper Cretaceous (Late Campanian-Senonian-Maastrichtian-Early Paleocene) to Quaternary time. The siliciclastic littoral shallow marine successions were deposited from Early Senonian-Maastrichtian to Late Miocene during three main successive littoral shallow marine transgressions of continental extension.; These transgressions happened over the wide pediplanized terrains of South America. These lands exist west of the more positive areas, between the Brazilian Shield and the foreland massifs that were settled in the more westernwards areas. Later, these regional foreland massifs were coupled and raised to the Andean Orogen Belt during the last 5 million years.; The extensive intracratonic pediplanized low topographic relief areas were the reservoirs of siliciclastic littoral shallow marine succession deposits during the three successive widespread vast continental littoral shallow marine transgressions.; The first transgression began at the Latest Campanian-Senonian and/or Early Maastrichtian time. After this episode, the sedimentary depositional systems continued during the Cenozoic until the Latest Miocene. These successions constitute a major allostratigraphic unit. The limit with underlying units is the regional unconformity between the regional volcanic event (Jurassic-Cretacic and interleaved eolianite sandstones) at the base and the undifferentiated Quaternary sediments (called as the Pampeano and Post-Pampeano Formations sensu lato). Based on many facies analyses there had been checked out different levels in the eustatic sea level variations within the allostratigraphic unit.; Three major stages of extensional climax were recognized and related to the stages of conspicuous eustatical sea-level variations. They happened during the Latest Senonian-Paleocene, Eocene and Miocene.; The first transgression occurred during the Upper Cretaceous-Paleocene although the sedimentary deposits related to this event are scarce, which are only a few meters in thickness. However, the Upper Cretaceous-Paleocene succession is very well recognized in the actual pre-Andean zone in the north-west of Argentina and Bolivia (the Sierras Subandinas and the meridional imbricated fault systems just joint to the actual orogen, i.e., Quebrada de Humahuaca outcrops).; During the Eocene and Middle to Latest Miocene occurred the second and third extensive regional littoral shallow marine transgressions. They are present either in well log registers as in most widespread outcrops on the entire Southamerican continent.; The regional analysis led to the deduction of long periods of tectonic quiescence, at least three of them. They may be inferred and synchronously related with eustatic highstand sea level variations that occurred during the Late Paleocene-Early Eocene, Latest Eocene-Early to Mid Oligocene and Middle-to-Late Oligocene-Early Miocene.; The structural style is related with major extensional N-S strike faultings (regional tilted and faulting blocks). On the other hand, quite a number of strike-slip faults (mainly of regional characteristic) are present crossing the area. They have a clear influence on the accommodation and transfer zones of the rift basin system. The strike is north-west to south-east on the border of the basin, to the west, in the contact with the Pampean Ridges and the narrow-meridionally-extense Sub-Andean folded trend (mainly Paleozoic units belonging to the so-called Sierras Subandinas geological province). Also, at the western edge of thestudied area, there exist many large shear zones and upthrust faults. The strike-slip regional faults dislocated the Pampean and Sub-Andean blocks due to the interaction of crossing regional tilted and fault blocks. For this reason, an en echelon regional block model is characteristic. Incipient contaminated igneous activities were associated with this cortical weak zones.; Domes, needles and necks of volcanic and sub-volcanic origin appear as the landscape of the region. A part of the igneous activity was dated on Latest Pliocene although mainly corresponding to Pleistocene and Holocene. This deduction is obvious because their morphological constitution was never eroded. The volcanic aparatous are morphologically unmodified from their extrusion to present days.; All the studied successions seem to resemble a long persisting erosive, transportation and deposition episode. This phenomenon is linked to a large regional (continental) unconformity dated at Late Cretaceous. The entire analyzed sedimentary succession deposits and their siliciclastic facies associations correspond clearly to a “heterolithic facies succession” which is very common within persisting tide-dominated depositional systems (passive margins). In fact, this is what happened during Cenozoic times (Torra, 1998b, 2001a). The heterolithic Miocene facies deposits constitute one of the best continental exposed examples.; Paleogeographical evidence showed that the Paranense and Amazonic Sea transgressions had been a littoral shallow marine connection during long time from Middle to Late Miocene. During the Late Cretaceous and Eocene periods marine connections were also active in the region. This fact is strongly supported by the tectonic and geomorphological framework of the proto-Southamerican continent, fossil remains and similar sedimentary deposits.; The geochemical results showed an outstanding similarity among the three sandy-muddy successions herein studied. Both major and trace elements always show the same geochemical patterns. Specially mentioned are the elements gallium, cesium, chromium, barium, vanadium, thorium, zirconium, rubidium and strontium because they present very constant values through all successions.; The Paranense and Amazonic epicontinental seas had been connected to the Pacific Ocean during the three marine episodes. The connections were formed by narrow inter-mountain valleys, present in the pre-Andean foreland massifs. These events occurred prior to the main orogenesis elevation of the Andean orogen belt in the last 5 to 1 Ma (Pliocene-Latest Pleistocene).; This paper shows, for the first time, a synthetic stratigraphical-geochemical “regional model” for the Chaco Paraná Basin rift system which should be largely improved in later studies. The Chaco Paraná Basin carries many unexamined-unexplored natural resources which need more regional and local studies for their evaluation. This is in spite of the area that has the problem of a significative vegetation coberture and scarce good outcrops. The development of modern techniques of data acquisition will help to overcome these difficulties.

深水中大型气田滚动勘探技术体系与成效——以琼东南盆地中央峡谷A边际气田为例

为了促进琼东南盆地中央峡谷深水A边际气田开发,引入目标搜索研究、目标评价研究、目标钻探研究等完整气田滚动勘探技术体系。A边际气田目标搜索除利用传统的区带油气潜力目标搜索技术外,提出评价过程目标搜索技术,共搜索了5个油气潜力区块,并优选A4构造进行油气目标评价。从圈闭解释与落实、圈闭烃类检测两方面对A4构造油气成藏主控因素开展研究。A4构造中部预测优势含气区具有强振幅属性、低密度、低速度、低纵波阻抗、低纵横波速度比等有利含气信息特征,总体为Ⅲ类AVO异常,且能够升级HL_0气组控制天然气地质储量,部署滚动探井A4-1井实施钻探,在黄流组钻遇气层超20 m,莺歌海组二段钻遇可疑气层近10 m,获得天然气探明地质储量近30亿立方米,钻探效果好。滚动勘探研究在深水A边际气田的应用,不仅有效地促进了A边际气田后续滚动勘探活动,而且证实了滚动勘探同样适用于深水油气勘探。

滇中禄劝九龙巨晶方解石矿床地质特征与成因

滇中禄劝九龙方解石矿床是云南省规模最大的方解石矿床,以产出巨晶方解石矿为特点。本文在系统的野外地质调查和勘查评价基础上,分析了九龙巨晶方解石矿床的基本地质特征和控矿因素,探讨其成因。结果表明,区内方解石矿体呈层状、似层状及大脉状产于下二叠统茅口组(P1m)灰岩中,层控特点明显;成矿受围岩岩性和断裂的联合控制,开放空间后生热液充填交代成矿特点突出,属层控热液型矿床,新生代印度欧亚板块碰撞造山有关的陆内构造转换成矿可能是其关键机制。

滇中扬子西南缘戛洒地区大红山岩群高压榴闪岩的发现及厘定

通过野外地质调查,在滇中新平县戛洒的浅部熔岩铁矿地区原划分的大红山岩群红山组内部,新发现了一套变质强烈的变质岩。岩相学研究表明,该变质岩为榴闪岩类,退变质作用强烈,仅保留有部分俯冲-折返的矿物学记录,未见岩石早期变质及峰期变质阶段的矿物组合,且矿物世代具顺时针变质轨迹特征。据电子探针测试结果,通过GBP(石榴子石-黑云母-斜长石)平均温压计法,其记录的最大变质压力达1.52 GPa;角闪石单矿物温压计法获得角闪石记录的最大变质压力为0.66 GPa,表明榴闪岩为高压变质级。结合大红山岩群的成岩时代、变质时代、岩石地球化学特征等,认为大红山岩群成岩于Columbia超大陆裂解期,是古元古代晚期洋盆的岩石组分;主期变质作用形成于Rodinia超大陆拼合-裂解过程的俯冲-折返作用;大红山岩群可能是一套不完整的蛇绿混杂岩,代表了古元古代晚期洋盆的残迹。

全生物降解膜在滇中冷凉稻区旱作水稻上的应用效果

以普通白色PE地膜作对照,引进3种全生物降解膜,从用膜量、地膜降解状况、对地温的影响、对产量及其构成因素的影响、对杂草的防控效果和经济效益6个方面进行对比分析。结果表明:3种全生物降解膜中,光合白膜裂解速度最快,中博黑膜裂解速度最慢;白膜覆盖比黑膜覆盖地温高1~2℃;黑膜比白膜对杂草的抑制效果更好;降解膜可以减少无效分蘖,提高结实率,水稻产量均高于对照普通白色PE地膜,产量增幅12.28%~34.85%;与普通白色PE地膜相比,光合白膜可实现节本增效7054.06元/hm2。

粤北地区乡镇集中式饮用水水源保护区划分方案优化方法分析——以韶关市乡镇水源地“划、立、治”工作实践为例

饮用水安全与人民群众的生活健康密切相关,集中式饮用水水源保护区的划定是保证水质安全的重要措施。本文以韶关市乡镇水源地“划、立、治”工作实践为例,分析粤北地区乡镇集中式饮用水水源保护区划分方案的优化方法。其间充分调研韶关市乡镇饮用水水源地现状,分析水源保护区划分技术路线,探讨划分方案优化方法,并提出划定后的建设管理建议,为后续乡镇饮用水水源保护提供科学依据。

滇中高原石漠化区典型苔藓植物组织培养技术研究

为探索苔藓植物组织培养技术,以滇中高原石漠化区优势苔藓大灰藓(Calohypnum plumiforme)、小石藓(Weissia controversa)和蕊形真藓(Bryum coronatum)为研究对象,研究培养基类型、消毒方式、不同激素浓度等对苔藓植物生长的影响。结果表明,短期繁殖苔藓可将消毒的原位土壤淋溶液作为培养基,且外植体在接种前不消毒,向培养基中添加6-BA 0~0.8 mg/L,但不同苔藓植物最适培养条件有差异。大灰藓较适宜的培养条件:以原位土壤淋溶液为培养基,不消毒外植体,添加6-BA 0.5 mg/L。小石藓较适宜的培养条件:以原位土壤淋溶液为培养基,不消毒外植体,添加6-BA 0.5~0.8 mg/L(或不添加激素)。蕊形真藓较适宜的培养条件:以KNOP为培养基,不消毒外植体,添加6-BA 0.2 mg/L。

滇中引水工程元谋受水区骨干水利工程的突出作用

滇中引水工程元谋受水区是水资源时间和空间分布极不均匀的代表地区。因此结合滇中地区水资源分布现状,在滇中地区建设水利工程不仅能够有效的改善滇中地区水资源分布现状,而且还对于滇中地区的社会经济发展起到重要的帮助。通过滇中引水工程向元谋受水区供水过程不均衡,同时该区水资源分布不均和汛枯期降水差异大等方面来阐述滇中引水工程元谋受水区骨干水利工程的突出作用。

北方冬季农村供暖对PM_(2.5)的影响及解决方案研究

为研究北方冬季农村供暖对PM2.5的影响,我们在北方的部分乡镇农村进行了为期一年半的调查走访,结果表明,北方冬季农村供暖用煤总量大,利用效率低,其生活用煤产生的烟尘总量相当于工业用煤的2.7倍,加之村落人口密集,室内通风条件差,故现有的供暖形式对人体健康危害很大。针对供暖方式的研究,我们提出了在农村推行集中供暖的方案。

云南种子植物分布新记录

报道了云南新记录种子植物10种7变种1变型,隶属于9科16属,即柔毛泡花树、山青木、白毛四照花、缙云四照花、沙梾、小叶臭味新耳草、纤枝兔儿风、小苦荬、兔儿风蟹甲草、华合耳菊、纤细半蒴苣苔、尾叶黄芩、长唇筒冠花、南川鼠尾草、短叶虾脊兰、带唇兰、类头状花序藨草和细杆筇竹等。

藏北羌塘中部果干加年山早古生代堆晶辉长岩的锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄--兼论原-古特提斯洋的演化

位于羌塘中部龙木错-双湖缝合带中的果干加年山早古生代堆晶岩,主要由辉石橄榄岩、堆晶辉石岩、堆晶辉长岩、斜长岩等岩石类型组成。对堆晶辉长岩中锆石的矿物学与年代学研究表明,堆晶辉长岩中发育3种内部结构特征的锆石晶体,锆石Th、U含量和Th/U值揭示了同一岩浆系统中结晶形成的岩浆锆石。获得堆晶辉长岩SHRIMP锆石U-Pb谐和年龄461Ma±7Ma(MSWD=1.3)、431.7Ma±6.9Ma(MSWD=0.54),分别代表了青藏高原中部地区原-古特提斯洋扩张过程中早期(中奥陶世Darriwilian阶晚期)、晚期(早志留世Telychian阶中期)的岩浆作用事件。果干加年山早古生代堆晶岩具有MORB的特征,代表了龙木错-双湖缝合带中残存的早古生代蛇绿岩,也是青藏高原中南部地区目前为止认知时代最早的原-古特提斯洋壳的残迹。羌塘中部早古生代蛇绿岩的确定及其年代学的约束,使得龙木错-双湖特提斯洋盆的形成时代至少可以追溯到中奥陶世—早志留世,并推论龙木错-双湖缝合带、南羌塘古生代增生楔及其中生代盆地和班公湖-怒江缝合带共同构成了青藏高原特提斯大洋最终消亡的巨型缝合带,晚古生代原-古特提斯洋向南的俯冲消减导致了冈底斯带石炭纪—二叠纪岛弧型火山岩、二叠纪花岗闪长岩和大洋俯冲型榴辉岩的形成。

滇中城市群产业演进研究

滇中城市群作为云南省优先开发区,其产业结构近年来一直处于"二、三、一"的演进状态。在剖析滇中城市群经济发展及产业结构时空演进特征的基础上,运用以结构多元化系数和区位熵为主要指标体系的关联分析方法,对滇中城市群现代化进程中城市产业结构演进状态进行评价,并提出滇中城市群产业结构优化调整的对策建议,以期为滇中城市群经济的稳定发展和功能区划的演进提供有益借鉴。

川南滇北交界处杏仁状玄武岩中的沥青微形貌特征与成因研究

对产出于川南和滇北交界处杏仁状玄武岩中的沥青进行了微形貌特征研究。沥青呈皮壳状、圈层状、杏仁状、致密块状产出于杏仁状玄武岩的晶洞、气孔或裂隙中。沥青的螺旋生长花纹表明沥青是由热液相或气相转变为固相的,沥青中的气孔构造是沥青中的天然气(主要为甲烷)从沥青的气孔逸出的佐证,也表明沥青是成矿热液中的原油受热(>300℃)发生热裂解的产物。沥青的元素组成、H/C比值、反射率以及微区X射线衍射、水晶晶体中的包裹体均一化温度等测试结果表明,川南普格石油热演化与变质程度比滇北昭通石油要高。沥青的碳同位素δ13C在-25‰～-31‰之间变化,表明沥青具生物成因,有机质来自下二叠统的碳酸盐岩。川南普格玄武岩有利于气藏的形成,滇北昭通玄武岩则有利于油藏的形成。

基于旅游生态位理论的旅游区发展策略研究——以滇中大昆明国际旅游区为例

区域旅游是一个复杂的系统。运用旅游生态位理论,构建了滇中大昆明国际旅游区生态位测评指标体系,进而计算得出旅游区各旅游片区旅游生态位宽度,以此为基础分析得出大昆明国际旅游区以昆明为核心、以玉溪和曲靖为次要节点及以楚雄为末端节点的旅游发展空间结构,构建了滇中大昆明国际旅游区旅游发展模式并提出了相应的旅游发展策略。

云南滇中地区地质灾害防治区划

滇中地区是云南省地质灾害的多发区之一。区内主要地质灾害类型有滑坡、泥石流、崩塌、地面塌陷及地裂缝五种。其中以滑坡和泥石流为主,灾害点分布较广且个体规模小,稳定性较差。此次通过对区内地质灾害诱因及分布现状的分析,阐述了地质灾害防治分区划分原则,将滇中地区划分为地质灾害重点防治区、次重点防治区及一般防治区三个大区,并提出了相应的防治措施。

四川盆地中部—北部地区灯影组二段天然气勘探新认识及潜力分析

近期PT101井灯影组二段测试获得231×10^(4)m^(3)/d的高产工业气流,刷新了四川盆地灯影组探井测试产量纪录,显示川中古隆起北部构造斜坡区灯二段具备规模资源。利用最新的钻井岩电、地震及分析测试等资料,针对川中—川北地区灯二段含油气地质条件进行新一轮研究,明确了川中—川北地区灯二段台地边缘带勘探潜力。研究表明:(1)川中—川北地区灯二段发育由南向北逐渐变宽、增厚的台地边缘沉积,台缘带宽40~130 km,厚650~1000 m;(2)川中—川北地区灯二段储层以台地边缘丘-滩复合体藻白云岩为主,发育次生溶蚀孔、洞、缝,平均孔隙度为3.6%,平均渗透率为3.6×10^(-3)μm^(2),优质储层呈大面积连片叠置分布;(3)川中-川北地区灯二段源储配置条件极佳,中江—蓬莱区块发育多个大型断控构造-岩性圈闭,已证实PT1井区、ZJ2井区具有独立的气-水界面并且远低于高石梯—磨溪地区,发育大型单斜构造背景下的岩性、构造-岩性气藏群。川中-川北地区灯二段台地边缘带具有有利的沉积背景、良好的储层发育条件及优越的天然气成藏要素配置关系,是四川盆地灯影组发现下一个万亿方气区的重要战略新区带。

四川盆地茅口组滩相孔隙型白云岩储层天然气勘探的突破及启示——以川中北部地区JT1井天然气立体勘探为例

四川盆地中二叠统茅口组浅海碳酸盐岩储层以往一直被认为是裂缝、缝洞型储层,近期风险探井——JT1井继在川中北部太和含气区下寒武统沧浪铺组获得天然气勘探突破以后,又在其上的茅口组发现了滩相孔隙型白云岩储层且测试获得112.8×10^(4)m^(3)/d的高产工业气流,JT1井实现了纵向上多套含气层系天然气立体勘探的突破和茅口组储层类型的新发现。为了进一步明确太和含气区茅口组滩相孔隙型白云岩储层的特征及控制因素,对其沉积演化、高能滩相特征、储层特征及下一步天然气勘探方向等进行了研究。研究结果表明:①川中北部台洼边缘发育茅二段滩相孔隙型储层,岩性主要为残余砂屑云岩和亮晶砂屑灰岩,储集空间主要为粒间孔和晶间孔,平均孔隙度为4.9%;②茅口组沉积中晚期川北地区发育广元—巴中古裂陷,川中北部发育台内洼地,川中—川北地区茅口组高能滩围绕裂陷和台洼边缘规模分布,呈现“一缘三高带”的古地理格局;③受高能滩相的控制,川中北部茅口组孔隙型储层沿“一缘三高带”规模分布,“一缘三高带”高能滩相分布面积近6000 km^(2),该区垂向上发育寒武系、志留系、二叠系等多套烃源岩且烃源断裂发育、疏导体系良好,有利于油气规模富集成藏。结论认为,四川盆地茅口组具有相控孔隙型储层发育的有利地质条件,“一缘三高带”是滩相孔隙型白云岩储层天然气勘探的有利区;该认识为四川盆地天然气规模增储指明了新的勘探领域和方向。

滇中城市群土地利用空间结构差异性分析

为分析滇中城市群土地利用空间结构差异性,以云南省第二次土地调查数据及其他社会经济数据为基础,综合运用多种计量地理模型和信息熵方法,对滇中城市群4个(州)市、42个县区土地利用结构的地域差异进行分析。研究表明,研究区土地利用多样化呈现中、东部高,西部低的空间格局差异;州市级和县区级的土地利用集中化程度相差都不大;林地、耕地和草地具有显著的区位意义,建设用地具有区位意义的区域集中在城镇化率高的地区,水域和其他土地区位意义不显著;土地利用程度较高,总体上中、东部要高于西部;土地利用信息熵与土地利用多样化具有一定关系,但不密切,与GDP并无紧密关系。