Objective To determine whether reduction in central pressure augmentation and central systolic blood pressure by nitroglycerine (NTG) results from effects on pre-load or is due to arterial dilation. Methods We compare...Objective To determine whether reduction in central pressure augmentation and central systolic blood pressure by nitroglycerine (NTG) results from effects on pre-load or is due to arterial dilation. Methods We compared effects of NTG with those of lower body negative pressure (LBNP). Hemodynamic measurements were made at rest,during LBNP (10,20 and 30 mmHg,each for 15 min) and after NTG (10,30 and 100 μg/min,each dose for 15 min) in ten healthy volunteers. Cardiac pre-load,stroke volume and cardiac output were assessed by echocardiography. Central pressure augmentation and central systolic pressure were obtained by radial tonometry using a transfer function. Results LBNP (20 mmHg) and NTG (30 μg/min) reduced pre-load (as measured by the peak velocity of the S wave in the superior vena cava) to a similar degree [by (26.8±3.8)% and (23.9±3.4)%,respectively]. Compared to LBNP,NTG reduced systemic vascular resistance [by (32.9±7.5)%,P<0.01],decreased peripheral and central pressure augmentation [by (20.8±3.4)% units and (12.9±2.9)% units,respectively,each P<0.01]. Conclusion These results suggest that a reduction in pre-load does not explain reduction in pressure augmentation and central systolic blood pressure by NTG and that these effects are mediated through arterial dilation.展开更多
Background:Individuals with diabetes have greater central arterial stiffness,wave reflections,and hemodynamics,all of which promote the accelerated cardiovascular pathology seen in this population.Acute aerobic exerci...Background:Individuals with diabetes have greater central arterial stiffness,wave reflections,and hemodynamics,all of which promote the accelerated cardiovascular pathology seen in this population.Acute aerobic exercise has been shown to be an effective strategy for reducing central arterial stiffness,wave reflections,and hemodynamics in healthy individuals;however,the effects of acute aerobic exercise in reducing these outcomes is not well established in people with diabetes.Recently,implementation of high-intensity interval exercise(HIIE)has shown superior improvements in cardiovascular health outcomes when compared to traditional aerobic exercise.Yet,the effect of HIIE on the aforementioned outcomes in people with diabetes is not known.The purpose of this study was to(i)describe the central arterial stiffness,wave reflections,and hemodynamic responses to a bout of HIIE and moderate-intensity continuous exercise(MICE)in adults with diabetes;and(ii)compare the effects of HIIE and MICE on the aforementioned outcomes.Methods:A total of 24 adult men and women(aged 29-59 years old)with type 1(n=12)and type 2(n=12)diabetes participated in a randomized cross-over study.All participants completed the following protocols:(i)HIIE:cycling for 4×4 min at 85%-95%of heart rate peak(HR_(peak)),interspersed with 3 min of active recovery at 60%-70%HR_(peak);(ii)MICE:33 min of continuous cycling at 60%-70%HR_(peak);and(iii)control(CON):lying quietly in a supine position for 30 min.Results:A significant group￡time effect was found for changes in central systolic blood pressure(F=3.20,p=0.01)with a transient reduction for the HIIE group but not for the MICE or CON groups.There was a significant group￡time effect for changes in augmentation index at a heart rate of 75 beats/min(F=2.32,p=0.04)with a decrease following for HIIE and MICE but not for CON.For all other measures of central arterial stiffness and hemodynamics,no significant changes were observed(p>0.05).Conclusion:A bout of HIIE appears to lead to a greater transient reduction in central systolic blood pressure than the reduction observed following MICE;however,both HIIE and MICE improved augmentation index at a heart rate of 75 beats/min in people with diabetes.There was no significant difference in response to HIIE and MICE in all outcomes.This provides preliminary evidence on the role of HIIE on such outcomes in people with diabetes.展开更多
Traditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease can only assess risks for groups of people. New parameters of arterial stiffness are more reliable for predicting cardiovascular outcomes for individuals with and wi...Traditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease can only assess risks for groups of people. New parameters of arterial stiffness are more reliable for predicting cardiovascular outcomes for individuals with and without a cardiovascular history. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of Magnesium-EDTA chelation therapy using new methods and parameters such as pulse wave velocity (PWV), central blood pressure (SBPao) and endothelial function (Aix). We followed 43 patients with an abnormal PWV and SBPao, setting them up in two groups. The 21 patients in Group A had already been diagnosed with cardiovascular disease. The other 22 patients in Group B also showed abnormal PWV, SBPao and Aix, but showed no cardiovascular symptoms. Each patient in Groups A and B received one Mg-EDTA treatment per week. The total treatment plan consisted of 25 Mg-EDTA chelation treatments according to the standard protocol of IBCMT. After 25 Mg-EDTA chelation sessions, PWV and SBPao improved significantly in all patients of Groups A and B. In addition, Aix improved significantly in these patients, but remained abnormal. Group C included 18 asymptomatic patients with normal PWV or SBPao. Aix was abnormal in this group, but to a much lesser extent than Groups A and B. The 18 asymptomatic patients of Group C did not receive Mg-EDTA treatment. Observation showed no significant changes in all three parameters of arterial stiffness. The results of this study indicate that a course of treatment with Magnesium-EDTA chelation therapy significantly lowers cardiovascular risks. We conclude that Mg-EDTA chelation therapy improves PWV as an indicator of arterial stiffness, SBPao (central blood pressure) as an indicator of aortic elasticity and Aix (augmented aortic index) as an indicator of endothelial functioning. These improvements in PWV, SBPao and Aix demonstrate that atherosclerosis is a dynamic and (partially) reversible process.展开更多
目的探析正常高值血压与理想血压飞行员血管无创检测指标之间的关系。方法分理想血压组111例,正常高值血压组99例,先后使用Omron动脉硬化检测仪和Sphygmo Cor无创心功能检测仪采集中心动脉压（central aortic systolic pressure,CA SP...目的探析正常高值血压与理想血压飞行员血管无创检测指标之间的关系。方法分理想血压组111例,正常高值血压组99例,先后使用Omron动脉硬化检测仪和Sphygmo Cor无创心功能检测仪采集中心动脉压（central aortic systolic pressure,CA SP）、心率75次/min时标准反射波增强指数（AIx HR75）、肱踝动脉脉搏波传导速度（brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity,ba PWV）和踝臂指数（ankle-brachial index,A BI）。结果 ①正常高值组baPWV、CASP、AIx H R75均高于理想血压组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;②组A BI比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。baPWV增快的比例为7.4%。2CASP分布范围在80～120 mm Hg,P50为100 mm Hg,P95为112 mm Hg。③中心动脉血压与外周血压差值分布范围在7～31 mm Hg,P50为18 mm Hg,P95为24 mm Hg;基本呈正态分布。结论正常高值血压与理想血压人群的血管指标差异有统计学意义,但其与临床意义是否对等尚需进一步大样本的研究;CASP应作为评估高血压病的诊断与治疗的指标之一。展开更多
Objective:In traditional herbal medicine(Kampo medicine in Japan),'sho'is diagnosed by the traditional assessments of clinical conditions.Among a variety of the shos,there is an'oketsu'syndrome,which i...Objective:In traditional herbal medicine(Kampo medicine in Japan),'sho'is diagnosed by the traditional assessments of clinical conditions.Among a variety of the shos,there is an'oketsu'syndrome,which is a stagnation and disturbance of microcirculation.The prompt effects of four anti-oketsu formulations in Kampo medicine on cardiovascular functions were compared in oketsu and non-oketsu persons.Methods:The arterial pulse wave from radial artery is formed by the combination with ejection and reflection pulses.An augmentation index(AI),a ration of the ejection and reflection pulses,indicates a degree of arteriosclerosis.For both seventy-six students with oketsu and thirty-seven students with non-oketsu,Kampo formulations overcoming oketsu of Tokishakuyakusan(TS,Dang-Gui-Shao-Yao-San),Kamishoyosan(KS,Jia-Wei-Xiao-Yao-San),Keisibukuryogan(KB,Gui-Zhi-Fu-Ling-Wan)and Tokakujokito(TJ,Tao-He-Cheng-Qi-Tang)were taken once,and then,the cardiovascular functions including blood pressure,heart rate,central arterial blood pressure(CBP)and AI were examined for 60 min.Results:At 40-60 min after an intake,these formulations decreased the AI almost by 6-18%(n=76),by 18.3±3.1%(P<0.01,n=15)with TJ.Simultaneously,the CBP was reduced by 9.0±1.8%(P<0.05,n=23)with KS and by 9.1±2.0%(P<0.05,n=15)with TJ.On the other hands,non-oketsu group had less or no effect by any kinds of the formulations.Conclusion:The anti-oketsu formulations can exert the ameliorative action for oketsu persons via decreasing AI and CBP.展开更多
文摘Objective To determine whether reduction in central pressure augmentation and central systolic blood pressure by nitroglycerine (NTG) results from effects on pre-load or is due to arterial dilation. Methods We compared effects of NTG with those of lower body negative pressure (LBNP). Hemodynamic measurements were made at rest,during LBNP (10,20 and 30 mmHg,each for 15 min) and after NTG (10,30 and 100 μg/min,each dose for 15 min) in ten healthy volunteers. Cardiac pre-load,stroke volume and cardiac output were assessed by echocardiography. Central pressure augmentation and central systolic pressure were obtained by radial tonometry using a transfer function. Results LBNP (20 mmHg) and NTG (30 μg/min) reduced pre-load (as measured by the peak velocity of the S wave in the superior vena cava) to a similar degree [by (26.8±3.8)% and (23.9±3.4)%,respectively]. Compared to LBNP,NTG reduced systemic vascular resistance [by (32.9±7.5)%,P<0.01],decreased peripheral and central pressure augmentation [by (20.8±3.4)% units and (12.9±2.9)% units,respectively,each P<0.01]. Conclusion These results suggest that a reduction in pre-load does not explain reduction in pressure augmentation and central systolic blood pressure by NTG and that these effects are mediated through arterial dilation.
文摘Background:Individuals with diabetes have greater central arterial stiffness,wave reflections,and hemodynamics,all of which promote the accelerated cardiovascular pathology seen in this population.Acute aerobic exercise has been shown to be an effective strategy for reducing central arterial stiffness,wave reflections,and hemodynamics in healthy individuals;however,the effects of acute aerobic exercise in reducing these outcomes is not well established in people with diabetes.Recently,implementation of high-intensity interval exercise(HIIE)has shown superior improvements in cardiovascular health outcomes when compared to traditional aerobic exercise.Yet,the effect of HIIE on the aforementioned outcomes in people with diabetes is not known.The purpose of this study was to(i)describe the central arterial stiffness,wave reflections,and hemodynamic responses to a bout of HIIE and moderate-intensity continuous exercise(MICE)in adults with diabetes;and(ii)compare the effects of HIIE and MICE on the aforementioned outcomes.Methods:A total of 24 adult men and women(aged 29-59 years old)with type 1(n=12)and type 2(n=12)diabetes participated in a randomized cross-over study.All participants completed the following protocols:(i)HIIE:cycling for 4×4 min at 85%-95%of heart rate peak(HR_(peak)),interspersed with 3 min of active recovery at 60%-70%HR_(peak);(ii)MICE:33 min of continuous cycling at 60%-70%HR_(peak);and(iii)control(CON):lying quietly in a supine position for 30 min.Results:A significant group￡time effect was found for changes in central systolic blood pressure(F=3.20,p=0.01)with a transient reduction for the HIIE group but not for the MICE or CON groups.There was a significant group￡time effect for changes in augmentation index at a heart rate of 75 beats/min(F=2.32,p=0.04)with a decrease following for HIIE and MICE but not for CON.For all other measures of central arterial stiffness and hemodynamics,no significant changes were observed(p>0.05).Conclusion:A bout of HIIE appears to lead to a greater transient reduction in central systolic blood pressure than the reduction observed following MICE;however,both HIIE and MICE improved augmentation index at a heart rate of 75 beats/min in people with diabetes.There was no significant difference in response to HIIE and MICE in all outcomes.This provides preliminary evidence on the role of HIIE on such outcomes in people with diabetes.
文摘Traditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease can only assess risks for groups of people. New parameters of arterial stiffness are more reliable for predicting cardiovascular outcomes for individuals with and without a cardiovascular history. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of Magnesium-EDTA chelation therapy using new methods and parameters such as pulse wave velocity (PWV), central blood pressure (SBPao) and endothelial function (Aix). We followed 43 patients with an abnormal PWV and SBPao, setting them up in two groups. The 21 patients in Group A had already been diagnosed with cardiovascular disease. The other 22 patients in Group B also showed abnormal PWV, SBPao and Aix, but showed no cardiovascular symptoms. Each patient in Groups A and B received one Mg-EDTA treatment per week. The total treatment plan consisted of 25 Mg-EDTA chelation treatments according to the standard protocol of IBCMT. After 25 Mg-EDTA chelation sessions, PWV and SBPao improved significantly in all patients of Groups A and B. In addition, Aix improved significantly in these patients, but remained abnormal. Group C included 18 asymptomatic patients with normal PWV or SBPao. Aix was abnormal in this group, but to a much lesser extent than Groups A and B. The 18 asymptomatic patients of Group C did not receive Mg-EDTA treatment. Observation showed no significant changes in all three parameters of arterial stiffness. The results of this study indicate that a course of treatment with Magnesium-EDTA chelation therapy significantly lowers cardiovascular risks. We conclude that Mg-EDTA chelation therapy improves PWV as an indicator of arterial stiffness, SBPao (central blood pressure) as an indicator of aortic elasticity and Aix (augmented aortic index) as an indicator of endothelial functioning. These improvements in PWV, SBPao and Aix demonstrate that atherosclerosis is a dynamic and (partially) reversible process.
文摘目的探析正常高值血压与理想血压飞行员血管无创检测指标之间的关系。方法分理想血压组111例,正常高值血压组99例,先后使用Omron动脉硬化检测仪和Sphygmo Cor无创心功能检测仪采集中心动脉压（central aortic systolic pressure,CA SP）、心率75次/min时标准反射波增强指数（AIx HR75）、肱踝动脉脉搏波传导速度（brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity,ba PWV）和踝臂指数（ankle-brachial index,A BI）。结果 ①正常高值组baPWV、CASP、AIx H R75均高于理想血压组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;②组A BI比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。baPWV增快的比例为7.4%。2CASP分布范围在80～120 mm Hg,P50为100 mm Hg,P95为112 mm Hg。③中心动脉血压与外周血压差值分布范围在7～31 mm Hg,P50为18 mm Hg,P95为24 mm Hg;基本呈正态分布。结论正常高值血压与理想血压人群的血管指标差异有统计学意义,但其与临床意义是否对等尚需进一步大样本的研究;CASP应作为评估高血压病的诊断与治疗的指标之一。
文摘Objective:In traditional herbal medicine(Kampo medicine in Japan),'sho'is diagnosed by the traditional assessments of clinical conditions.Among a variety of the shos,there is an'oketsu'syndrome,which is a stagnation and disturbance of microcirculation.The prompt effects of four anti-oketsu formulations in Kampo medicine on cardiovascular functions were compared in oketsu and non-oketsu persons.Methods:The arterial pulse wave from radial artery is formed by the combination with ejection and reflection pulses.An augmentation index(AI),a ration of the ejection and reflection pulses,indicates a degree of arteriosclerosis.For both seventy-six students with oketsu and thirty-seven students with non-oketsu,Kampo formulations overcoming oketsu of Tokishakuyakusan(TS,Dang-Gui-Shao-Yao-San),Kamishoyosan(KS,Jia-Wei-Xiao-Yao-San),Keisibukuryogan(KB,Gui-Zhi-Fu-Ling-Wan)and Tokakujokito(TJ,Tao-He-Cheng-Qi-Tang)were taken once,and then,the cardiovascular functions including blood pressure,heart rate,central arterial blood pressure(CBP)and AI were examined for 60 min.Results:At 40-60 min after an intake,these formulations decreased the AI almost by 6-18%(n=76),by 18.3±3.1%(P<0.01,n=15)with TJ.Simultaneously,the CBP was reduced by 9.0±1.8%(P<0.05,n=23)with KS and by 9.1±2.0%(P<0.05,n=15)with TJ.On the other hands,non-oketsu group had less or no effect by any kinds of the formulations.Conclusion:The anti-oketsu formulations can exert the ameliorative action for oketsu persons via decreasing AI and CBP.
