The Control of Population Growth Is the Function of the Central Government

Mr.Jiang Zcmin,Gencral-Seerctary of the Cen-tral Committee of the Chincse Communist Party and.Chairman of the People's Republic of China,in a rC-ccnt spcech cm phasized that the family planning pro-gramme should be strictly and effectively im plemented in 1994,a year of crucial importance for promoting re-form and opening and thc drive lowards.modernization.To makc continucd contributions to the sociocconomic development in the country,we must fulfil the plan for controlling population growth..The spcech was delivcred at the anua!National Fo-rum on Family Planning Work convened jointly by the Party's Central Committcc and the Statc Council.

50 YEARS OF CENTRAL GOVERNMENT Aid to Tibet(Ⅳ)——62 Aid Projects

In July 1994,the CPC Central Committee and the State Council held theThird National Conference on Work in Tibet.During the conference, JiangZemin,General Party Secretary and State President,said that showing carefor,and providing aid to Tibet constituted the consistent policy of the Partyand the State,and the bounden duty of peoples of all ethnic groups in the country.

Human Rights Training for Central Government Officials

More than 50 officials from central government departments attended a human rights training class held in Nanchang,Jiangxi Province, on May 29-June 2. The class was sponsored by the State Council Information Office, during which the trainees attended lectures given on China＇s human rights concepts and the current human rights conditions in the country, human rights theories and international human rights instruments and protection of human rights under the rule of law.

50 YEARS OF CENTRAL GOVERNMENT AID TO TIBET (Ⅳ)

On May 23,1991,Li Tieying,Headof the CentralGovernment Del-egation that had been sent tomark the 40th anniversary ofthe peaceful liberation ofTibet, declared publicly:"TheCentral Government willinvest 1 billion Yuan for thecomprehensive developmentof the central part of the three-river valley area in Tibet."

Logic and Trends behind Chinese Bovernment Reform

From the perspective of public administration, China＇s government re tbrm coincides with China＇s 30 years of reform and opening-up. Therefore, government reform, in particular central government reform, provides us another perspective to look at the past 30 years of reform and opening-up. Although China＇s central government has gone through six rounds of reform over the past three decades, goverument reforms still face major challenges. Approached from the relationship between the transformation of the social order and government reform, this paper tries to understand the basic logic behind China＇s government reform. By reviewing the history of institutional reform and analyzing current restrictions that confront China＇s government reform, this paper points out the trends of China＇s government reform. In this paper, the authors try to study the micro and macro motivations of China＇s governmental reform by using public choice theory, and briefly comment on the ＂super ministry system.＂ .

Central Government Issues Opinions to Strengthen and Improve Urban and Rural Community Governance

On Jun.12,2017,the Opinions of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on Strengthening and Improving the Urban and Rural Community Governance were issued.They put forward an overall goal in which by 2020 a multi-participator and co-governance urban and rural community governance system should have been formed that

Central government agencies in China:toward a research agenda

Central government agencies play key roles in making and implementing public policies in China,but the empirical studies on these organisations are disproportionally scarce.Scholars in political science and public administration predominantly focus their researches on local governments at various levels,while paying little,if any,attention to the central counterparts.This article discusses the phenomenon of strong local but weak central government research pattern(the so called‘central-local research divide’),and identifies the driving forces behind this research gap.It also introduces the lessons and implications from the US and European research projects for developing,replicating,and extending central agency databases.The research further elaborates the existing variables and data sources on central agencies and develops the China Central Agency Database(CCAD)to advance the quantitative research of central agencies in China.Finally,a conclusion is drawn with a research agenda to encourage researchers to coproduce the CCAD and embrace the study of central agencies.

Defying the Court:A Spatial Analysis of the Central–Local Government Relationship During the Boxer Uprising(1900–1901)

The central–local government relationship has always been an important topic for political research of the Late Qing period.Former researchers focused mainly on political systems,finding historical archives to explain how the Qing Court decentralized or centralized its power.These approaches fail to consider how local officials in fact reacted to central command.This research is an attempt to apply the social science method to a classical historical study.I firstly examine the various political decisions of governors when they were faced with a series of big events during the Boxer Uprising(1900–1901).After arranging them using strict criteria,I will conduct spatial and structural analysis on their diversity,and furthermore explore the internal and external influencing factors.Statistics indicate that governors of coastal provinces and of the provinces along the Yangtze River were more likely to express their opinions to the Qing court,while the North and Northeastern provinces tended to obey the central orders.Regional differences mainly have a positive correlation with provincial structural factors,such as revenue and relations with foreign powers.The correlations are also determined by personal political experience and resources of governors.

An Analysis on the Improvement of the Housing Security System Based on Population Mobility

China's urban housing security system has developed for years. The dual division between registered population and migrant population in cities still exists. While local governments undertake responsibility of the housing security through intergovernmental duty division, it is not appropriate because housing security is a kind of national income redistribution that belongs to the central government. From the perspective of the population mobility, the article discusses the problems of the current housing security system, based on which it proposes three recommendations for improving the existing housing security system. First, we should make a distinction between the national income redistribution carried out by the central government and the public services provided by local governments. The responsibility and fi scal expenditure of the local, provincial, and central government should be clearly defined. Second, intergovernmental fiscal transfer payment should be designed according to the population mobility status. Third, the housing security system should protect the demands of the new generation of peasant workers and migrant families.

Applicability of public sector reform initiatives of the Yemeni government from the integrated TOE-DOI framework

Effective resource allocation and accountability are critical for public services in countries facing a crisis,to ensure minimum inequality and even save lives.Administrative innovation is introduced as public sector reform to improve the performance and accountability of public sector organizations.Despite the said benefit,little has been done to study public administrative innovation in countries under crisis.This study extends the literature by examining the attitude of civil service managers to the administrative innovation in the Yemeni government representing a country in crisis from an integrated perspective of technology-organization-environment(TOE)and diffusion of innovation(DOI)theory.Data was collected from a survey of 200 civil service managers of the Yemeni central government.The result shows that the attitude of managers to private sector management style is scored the highest representing the key tool of the public administrative innovation.On the other hand,the downsizing elements were ranked the least significant as public sector reform elements.The explanatory model highlights the use of information technology,quality of human resources,and budget management orientation as significant factors for the applicability of public administrative innovation in the Yemeni central government.

China’s Inclusive Public Finance System:Based on an Examination of Irregular Revenue

China's achievement of miraculous economic growth is a theoretical proposition that calls for an explanation.The key to understanding the logic of China’s economic reform is a rational explanation of the logical paradox between irregular local finance and the incentive compatibility of central and local governments.Based on the fact that autonomous local financial resources have long been dependent on irregular fiscal revenue,this paper constructs an inclusive public financial system analysis framework from the dual perspectives of the central and local government.This analytical framework offers an explanation of the long-standing implicit fiscal decentralization contract in which irregular fiscal revenue is the carrier in the reform process,together with a description of the central-local interaction process and institutional space underlying the behavioral motivations of central finance tolerance and local financial autonomy.It demonstrates the logical consistency of irregular fiscal revenue,central and local incentive compatibility,economic growth and market-oriented reform.The inclusive public finance system,which takes into account both local dynamism and central control,provides the important institutional logic that has enabled China to reach the dual goals of economic growth and market-oriented reform.