Following a half century of popularity, central place theory experienced 20 years of neglect when the new urban system theory of network modeling gained attention at the beginning of the 1990s. However, central place ...Following a half century of popularity, central place theory experienced 20 years of neglect when the new urban system theory of network modeling gained attention at the beginning of the 1990s. However, central place theory remains valid, and it seems there has been a reemergence with it. Using the Greater Pearl River Delta (Greater PRD) as an experimental study region, this paper intends to present an empirical study that validates central place theory and shows that it can be integrated into an overall regional urban system. The study uses the compound Central Place Importance (CPI) to evaluate whether there is a hierarchy among the urban centers within the study area. The results indicate the existence of a hierarchy. Furthermore, empirical observation finds distinct complementarity relationships, rank-size distributions, and co-operative actions between the different cities, thus substantiating the claim that central place theory can be incorporated into an overall regional urban system. Besides, the presence of the densely distributed modern infrastructure system also appears to constitute a dimension of the overall urban system. There need further theoretical and empirical studies in order to support this proposition.展开更多
系统状态随机抽样是大电网可靠性蒙特卡洛仿真的重要基础环节,抽取的样本容量与仿真结果的精度和仿真耗时密切相关,因此在给定仿真精度时实现样本容量的概率预估和在给定样本容量时实现计算精度的概率预测,是实现计算精度和计算成本综...系统状态随机抽样是大电网可靠性蒙特卡洛仿真的重要基础环节,抽取的样本容量与仿真结果的精度和仿真耗时密切相关,因此在给定仿真精度时实现样本容量的概率预估和在给定样本容量时实现计算精度的概率预测,是实现计算精度和计算成本综合权衡的关键。基于中心极限定理深入研究随机变量的样本均值与期望值之间误差的概率预测方法,在此基础上分析失负荷概率(loss of load probability,LOLP)指标的方差系数和样本容量之间的关系表达式,导出方差系数给定时的样本容量置信区间公式及样本容量给定时的方差系数置信区间公式。这些公式的导出,对于实现仿真精度和样本容量之间的定量概率分析具有重要意义,通过对RBTS和RTS96可靠性测试系统的评估分析验证所提方法的有效性和正确性,并得出相关结论。展开更多
文摘Following a half century of popularity, central place theory experienced 20 years of neglect when the new urban system theory of network modeling gained attention at the beginning of the 1990s. However, central place theory remains valid, and it seems there has been a reemergence with it. Using the Greater Pearl River Delta (Greater PRD) as an experimental study region, this paper intends to present an empirical study that validates central place theory and shows that it can be integrated into an overall regional urban system. The study uses the compound Central Place Importance (CPI) to evaluate whether there is a hierarchy among the urban centers within the study area. The results indicate the existence of a hierarchy. Furthermore, empirical observation finds distinct complementarity relationships, rank-size distributions, and co-operative actions between the different cities, thus substantiating the claim that central place theory can be incorporated into an overall regional urban system. Besides, the presence of the densely distributed modern infrastructure system also appears to constitute a dimension of the overall urban system. There need further theoretical and empirical studies in order to support this proposition.
文摘系统状态随机抽样是大电网可靠性蒙特卡洛仿真的重要基础环节,抽取的样本容量与仿真结果的精度和仿真耗时密切相关,因此在给定仿真精度时实现样本容量的概率预估和在给定样本容量时实现计算精度的概率预测,是实现计算精度和计算成本综合权衡的关键。基于中心极限定理深入研究随机变量的样本均值与期望值之间误差的概率预测方法,在此基础上分析失负荷概率(loss of load probability,LOLP)指标的方差系数和样本容量之间的关系表达式,导出方差系数给定时的样本容量置信区间公式及样本容量给定时的方差系数置信区间公式。这些公式的导出,对于实现仿真精度和样本容量之间的定量概率分析具有重要意义,通过对RBTS和RTS96可靠性测试系统的评估分析验证所提方法的有效性和正确性,并得出相关结论。
