Vascular endothelial growth factor and its mimic peptide KLTWQELYQLKYKGI(QK)are widely used as the most potent angiogenic factors for the treatment of multiple ischemic diseases.However,conventional topical drug deliv...Vascular endothelial growth factor and its mimic peptide KLTWQELYQLKYKGI(QK)are widely used as the most potent angiogenic factors for the treatment of multiple ischemic diseases.However,conventional topical drug delivery often results in a burst release of the drug,leading to transient retention(inefficacy)and undesirable diffusion(toxicity)in vivo.Therefore,a drug delivery system that responds to changes in the microenvironment of tissue regeneration and controls vascular endothelial growth factor release is crucial to improve the treatment of ischemic stroke.Matrix metalloproteinase-2(MMP-2)is gradually upregulated after cerebral ischemia.Herein,vascular endothelial growth factor mimic peptide QK was self-assembled with MMP-2-cleaved peptide PLGLAG(TIMP)and customizable peptide amphiphilic(PA)molecules to construct nanofiber hydrogel PA-TIMP-QK.PA-TIMP-QK was found to control the delivery of QK by MMP-2 upregulation after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion and had a similar biological activity with vascular endothelial growth factor in vitro.The results indicated that PA-TIMP-QK promoted neuronal survival,restored local blood circulation,reduced blood-brain barrier permeability,and restored motor function.These findings suggest that the self-assembling nanofiber hydrogel PA-TIMP-QK may provide an intelligent drug delivery system that responds to the microenvironment and promotes regeneration and repair after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.展开更多
Houshiheisan is composed of wind-dispelling （chrysanthemun fower, divaricate saposhnikovia root, Manchurian wild ginger, cassia twig, Szechwan lovage rhizome, and platycodon root） and deficiency-nourishing （ginseng...Houshiheisan is composed of wind-dispelling （chrysanthemun fower, divaricate saposhnikovia root, Manchurian wild ginger, cassia twig, Szechwan lovage rhizome, and platycodon root） and deficiency-nourishing （ginseng, Chinese angelica, large-head atractylodes rhizome, Indian bread, and zingiber） drugs. In this study, we assumed these drugs have protective effects against cerebral ischemia, on neurovascular units. Houshiheisan was intragastrically administered in a rat model of focal cerebral ischemia. Hematoxylin-eosin staining, transmission electron microscopy, immu- nofluorescence staining, and western blot assays showed that Houshiheisan reduced pathological injury to the ischemic penumbra, protected neurovascular units, visibly up-regtflated neuronal nuclear antigen expression, and down-regulated amyloid precursor protein and amyloid-[3 42 expression. Wind-dispelling and deficiency-nourishing drugs maintained NeuN expression to varying degrees, but did not affect amyloid precursor protein or amyloid-~ 42 expression in the ischemic penumbra. Our results suggest that the compound prescription Houshiheisan effectively suppresses abnormal amyloid precursor protein accumulation, reduces amyloid substance depo- sition, maintains stabilization of the internal environment of neurovascular units, and minimizes injury to neurovascular units in the ischemic penumbra.展开更多
In this manuscript a comprehensive coverage of recent developments in the drug therapy of vasospasm while providing the background information that neuroscientists need to understand its rationale. The range of new ag...In this manuscript a comprehensive coverage of recent developments in the drug therapy of vasospasm while providing the background information that neuroscientists need to understand its rationale. The range of new agents available for treatment of cerebral vasospasm is expanding rapidly along with rapid advances in pharmacology and physiology that are uncovering the mechanisms of this disease. Although there are many publications for treatment of cerebral vaso-spasm, most are focusing on different aspects of vasospasm treatment and many have limited value due to insufficient quality. Moreover, the complexity of this, in many cases deleterious condition, is enormous and the information needed to understand drug effects is accordingly often not readily available in a single source. A number of pharmacological and medical therapies are currently in use or being investigated in an attempt to reverse cerebral vasospasm, but only a few have proven to be useful. Current research efforts promise the eventual production of new medical therapies. At last, recommendations for the use of different treatment stages based on currently available clinical data are provided.展开更多
目的:探讨κ-阿片受体是否参与缺血后处理的对抗心肌缺血/复灌(I/R)损伤和心肌细胞缺氧/复氧(H/R)损伤的作用及其机制。方法:采用离体大鼠心脏Langendorff灌流模型,全心停灌30 m in、复灌120 m in复制I/R模型,测定心室力学指标和复灌各...目的:探讨κ-阿片受体是否参与缺血后处理的对抗心肌缺血/复灌(I/R)损伤和心肌细胞缺氧/复氧(H/R)损伤的作用及其机制。方法:采用离体大鼠心脏Langendorff灌流模型,全心停灌30 m in、复灌120 m in复制I/R模型,测定心室力学指标和复灌各时点冠脉流出液中乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)含量。实验结束测定心肌组织form azan含量。酶解分离的心肌细胞采用缺氧60 m in、复氧60m in复制H/R模型,测定心肌细胞存活率。结果:在离体心脏模型上,与I/R组相比,缺血后处理组心肌组织的form azan含量明显增高,复灌期间冠脉流出液中LDH含量明显降低,同时缺血后处理明显改善心室力学指标,缓解冠脉流量的减少;在分离心肌细胞模型上,缺氧后处理明显提高心肌细胞存活率。κ-阿片受体阻断剂nor-b inaltorph im ine(nor-BN I)和线粒体ATP敏感性钾通道(m itoKATP)阻断剂5-hydroxydecanoate(5-HD)在离体大鼠心脏模型和分离心肌细胞模型上均能明显减弱缺血后处理的作用。同时在心肌细胞模型上,与H/R组相比,κ-阿片受体激动剂U 50488H明显提高心肌细胞存活率,其作用可被m itoKATP阻断剂5-HD所阻断。结论:缺血后处理具有抗心肌缺血/复灌损伤的作用,这种保护作用可能与其激活κ-阿片受体和m itoKATP有关。展开更多
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,No.ZR2023MC168the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.31670989the Key R&D Program of Shandong Province,No.2019GSF107037(all to CS).
文摘Vascular endothelial growth factor and its mimic peptide KLTWQELYQLKYKGI(QK)are widely used as the most potent angiogenic factors for the treatment of multiple ischemic diseases.However,conventional topical drug delivery often results in a burst release of the drug,leading to transient retention(inefficacy)and undesirable diffusion(toxicity)in vivo.Therefore,a drug delivery system that responds to changes in the microenvironment of tissue regeneration and controls vascular endothelial growth factor release is crucial to improve the treatment of ischemic stroke.Matrix metalloproteinase-2(MMP-2)is gradually upregulated after cerebral ischemia.Herein,vascular endothelial growth factor mimic peptide QK was self-assembled with MMP-2-cleaved peptide PLGLAG(TIMP)and customizable peptide amphiphilic(PA)molecules to construct nanofiber hydrogel PA-TIMP-QK.PA-TIMP-QK was found to control the delivery of QK by MMP-2 upregulation after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion and had a similar biological activity with vascular endothelial growth factor in vitro.The results indicated that PA-TIMP-QK promoted neuronal survival,restored local blood circulation,reduced blood-brain barrier permeability,and restored motor function.These findings suggest that the self-assembling nanofiber hydrogel PA-TIMP-QK may provide an intelligent drug delivery system that responds to the microenvironment and promotes regeneration and repair after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30973782,81373526the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing,No.7102014,7122018the Beijing Municipal Higher Learning Institution Talent Teaching Plan"Young and Middle-aged Talented People Training"Project,No.PXM2011014226
文摘Houshiheisan is composed of wind-dispelling （chrysanthemun fower, divaricate saposhnikovia root, Manchurian wild ginger, cassia twig, Szechwan lovage rhizome, and platycodon root） and deficiency-nourishing （ginseng, Chinese angelica, large-head atractylodes rhizome, Indian bread, and zingiber） drugs. In this study, we assumed these drugs have protective effects against cerebral ischemia, on neurovascular units. Houshiheisan was intragastrically administered in a rat model of focal cerebral ischemia. Hematoxylin-eosin staining, transmission electron microscopy, immu- nofluorescence staining, and western blot assays showed that Houshiheisan reduced pathological injury to the ischemic penumbra, protected neurovascular units, visibly up-regtflated neuronal nuclear antigen expression, and down-regulated amyloid precursor protein and amyloid-[3 42 expression. Wind-dispelling and deficiency-nourishing drugs maintained NeuN expression to varying degrees, but did not affect amyloid precursor protein or amyloid-~ 42 expression in the ischemic penumbra. Our results suggest that the compound prescription Houshiheisan effectively suppresses abnormal amyloid precursor protein accumulation, reduces amyloid substance depo- sition, maintains stabilization of the internal environment of neurovascular units, and minimizes injury to neurovascular units in the ischemic penumbra.
文摘In this manuscript a comprehensive coverage of recent developments in the drug therapy of vasospasm while providing the background information that neuroscientists need to understand its rationale. The range of new agents available for treatment of cerebral vasospasm is expanding rapidly along with rapid advances in pharmacology and physiology that are uncovering the mechanisms of this disease. Although there are many publications for treatment of cerebral vaso-spasm, most are focusing on different aspects of vasospasm treatment and many have limited value due to insufficient quality. Moreover, the complexity of this, in many cases deleterious condition, is enormous and the information needed to understand drug effects is accordingly often not readily available in a single source. A number of pharmacological and medical therapies are currently in use or being investigated in an attempt to reverse cerebral vasospasm, but only a few have proven to be useful. Current research efforts promise the eventual production of new medical therapies. At last, recommendations for the use of different treatment stages based on currently available clinical data are provided.
文摘目的:探讨κ-阿片受体是否参与缺血后处理的对抗心肌缺血/复灌(I/R)损伤和心肌细胞缺氧/复氧(H/R)损伤的作用及其机制。方法:采用离体大鼠心脏Langendorff灌流模型,全心停灌30 m in、复灌120 m in复制I/R模型,测定心室力学指标和复灌各时点冠脉流出液中乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)含量。实验结束测定心肌组织form azan含量。酶解分离的心肌细胞采用缺氧60 m in、复氧60m in复制H/R模型,测定心肌细胞存活率。结果:在离体心脏模型上,与I/R组相比,缺血后处理组心肌组织的form azan含量明显增高,复灌期间冠脉流出液中LDH含量明显降低,同时缺血后处理明显改善心室力学指标,缓解冠脉流量的减少;在分离心肌细胞模型上,缺氧后处理明显提高心肌细胞存活率。κ-阿片受体阻断剂nor-b inaltorph im ine(nor-BN I)和线粒体ATP敏感性钾通道(m itoKATP)阻断剂5-hydroxydecanoate(5-HD)在离体大鼠心脏模型和分离心肌细胞模型上均能明显减弱缺血后处理的作用。同时在心肌细胞模型上,与H/R组相比,κ-阿片受体激动剂U 50488H明显提高心肌细胞存活率,其作用可被m itoKATP阻断剂5-HD所阻断。结论:缺血后处理具有抗心肌缺血/复灌损伤的作用,这种保护作用可能与其激活κ-阿片受体和m itoKATP有关。
