Precision radiotherapy for brain tumors A 10-year bibliometric analysis

OBJECTIVE： Precision radiotherapy plays an important role in the management of brain tumors. This study aimed to identify global research trends in precision radiotherapy for brain tumors using a bibliometric analysis of the Web of Science. DATA RETRIEVAL： We performed a bibliometric analysis of data retrievals for precision radiotherapy for brain tumors containing the key words cerebral tumor, brain tumor, intensity-modulated radiotherapy, stereotactic body radiation therapy, stereotactic ablative radiotherapy, imaging-guided radiotherapy, dose-guided radiotherapy, stereotactic brachytherapy, and stereotactic radiotherapy using the Web of Science. SELECTION CRITERIA： Inclusion criteria： （a） peer-reviewed articles on precision radiotherapy for brain tumors which were published and indexed in the Web of Science; （b） type of articles： original research articles and reviews; （c） year of publication： 2002-2011. Exclusion criteria： （a） articles that required manual searching or telephone access; （b） Corrected papers or book chapters. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： （1） Annual publication output; （2） distribution according to country; （3） distribution according to institution; （4） top cited publications; （5） distribution according to journals; and （6） comparison of study results on precision radiotherapy for brain tumors. RESULTS： The stereotactic radiotherapy, intensity-modulated radiotherapy, and imaging-guided radiotherapy are three major methods of precision radiotherapy for brain tumors. There were 260 research articles addressing precision radiotherapy for brain tumors found within the Web of Science. The USA published the most papers on precision radiotherapy for brain tumors, followed by Germany and France. European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, German Cancer Research Center and Heidelberg University were the most prolific research institutes for publications on precision radiotherapy for brain tumors. Among the top 13 research institutes publishing in this field, seven are in the USA, three are in Germany, two are in France, and there is one institute in India. Research interests including urology and nephrology, clinical neurology, as well as rehabilitation are involved in precision radiotherapy for brain tumors studies. CONCLUSION： Precision radiotherapy for brain tumors remains a highly active area of research and development.

Effect of Two Chinese Medicinal Compounds,Blood-Activating and Water-Draining Medicine,on Tumor Necrosis Factor α and Nuclear Factor κ B Expressions in Rats with Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Objective：To investigate the effect of blood-activating Chinese medicinal compounds and waterdraining Chinese medicinal compounds on tumor necrosis factor alpha（TNF-α）and nuclear factor kappaB（NF-κB）expressions in rats with intracerebral hemorrhage（ICH）at the acute stage,and to monitor their therapeutic effect and mechanism of action on inflammation and cerebral edema.Methods：A rat model of cerebral hemorrhage was achieved by injecting autologous arterial blood into the caudate nucleus.A total of 168 rats were randomly divided into 4 groups：blood-activating medicine group（n=42）,water-draining medicine group（n=42）,sham operated group（n=42）,and the model group（n=42）.A series of brain samples were obtained at days 1,3 and 5 after ICH from rats in all groups.Protein expression levels of TNF-αand NF-κB were measured by immunohistochemical staining and gene expression levels of TNF-αand NF-κB were measured by real-time fluorescent PCR.Results：Compared to the sham operated group,protein expression levels of TNF-αand NF-κB in the model group significantly increased（P〈0.01）.Protein and gene expressions of TNF-αfrom the blood-activating medicine group and water-draining medicine group significantly decreased when compared to those in the model group（P〈0.05）.Meanwhile,compared to the model group,the expression of NF-κB in the blood-activating medicine group significantly decreased（P〈0.05）,while expression of NF-κB in the water-draining medicine group did not differ（P〉0.05）.Conclusions：Blood-activating Chinese medicinal compounds and water-draining Chinese medicinal compounds can alleviate inflammation of peripheral tissue and cerebral edema.However,the blood-activating Chinese medicinal compounds were more effective than the water-draining Chinese medicinal compounds.The possible effective mechanism may be by means of inhibiting the activation of NF-κB so as to suppress the transcription of target genes including gene expression of TNF-α.