Population genetics of the left-eyed flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus, including natural and cultured stocks distributed in the coastal waters near Qingdao of eastern maritime China, was analyzed in allozyme and RAPD....Population genetics of the left-eyed flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus, including natural and cultured stocks distributed in the coastal waters near Qingdao of eastern maritime China, was analyzed in allozyme and RAPD. The results showed that among total 29 gene loci of 15 isozymes, 9 and 7 were po- lymorphic in natural and cultured stocks, respectively. The status of genetic diversity in P. olivaceus is low in terms of polymorphic loci in chi-square test and genetic departure index of Hardy-Weinberg equi- librium. More alleles in IDHP, CAT, GDH and Ldh-C allozymes were found in the fish, which could be used as markers in assortive breeding and distinguishing stock, population or species evolution. Total 88 and 86 RAPD bands ranging from 200 to 2 500 bp were recognized individually in average of 7.8–8.0 bands per primer. The genetic diversity in cultured stock is lower than that in natural ones showing an ob- viously decreasing genetic divergence. Therefore, effective countermeasures must be taken to protect ge- netic resources of marine cultured fishes. The 2 markers have their own pros and cons. Combining the 2 markers to investigate the genetic variation of populations is suggested. The results provide basic data of this flounder and they are useful for studying genetic improvement and genetic resources of the fish.展开更多
To compare the flesh quality of large yellow croaker cultured with three different modes, enclosure culture(EC), cage culture with feeding trash fish(CCF) and cage culture with feeding formula diet(CCD), thirty six fi...To compare the flesh quality of large yellow croaker cultured with three different modes, enclosure culture(EC), cage culture with feeding trash fish(CCF) and cage culture with feeding formula diet(CCD), thirty six fish individuals of EC(484.6 ± 79.8 g), CCF(432.7 ± 87.9 g) and CCD(416.9 ± 49.5 g) were sampled to measure body color, flesh water holding capacity, flesh proximate composition, amino acids and fatty acids composition, and collagen and inosinic acid contents. The analysis showed that there was no significant difference in the yellowness of skin and the contents of crude protein and inosinic acid between CCD and EC(P > 0.05), and the two modes showed higher values than CCF(P < 0.05). Most of the amino acids(AA) in flesh were higher in EC than in CCF(P < 0.05), but CCD showed no difference in AA composition from the other two modes(P > 0.05). EC and CCD had higher contents of collagen, free AA and lower drip loss than CC(P < 0.05). In polyunsaturated fatty acids, EC showed significantly higher levels of C20:5 n-3 and C22:6 n-3 than CCF and CCD(P < 0.05), but CCD had significantly higher C18:2 n-6 than CCF and EC(P < 0.05). In conclusion, the flesh quality of CCD fish is similar to EC fish, and these two modes have better flesh quality than CCF.展开更多
Background: Over the past 20 years, cultured meat has drawn a lot of public attention as a potential solution to issues with animal husbandry, including inadequate use of natural sources, improper animal welfare pract...Background: Over the past 20 years, cultured meat has drawn a lot of public attention as a potential solution to issues with animal husbandry, including inadequate use of natural sources, improper animal welfare practices, and possible risks to public health and safety. The novel method of producing meat through culture reduces the need for animals to produce muscle fiber, thereby obviating the necessity for animal slaughter. Apart from its ethical advantages, cultured meat presents a possible way to fulfill the expanding need for food among growing populations. The purpose of this research was to find out whether Turkish students would be willing to pay for and accept cultured meat. Technique: Method: 371 university students who willingly consented to fill out a questionnaire and provide demographic data make up the research sample. Questions from previous studies on the acceptability of cultured meat were compiled to create the survey. The research’s data collection took place in March and April of 2022. The research was completed in June 2022 after the data had been processed and analyzed. Results: The results showed that the majority of participants were female and had omnivorous eating habits. Based on the results of the Bonferroni correction test, students with a higher intention to purchase and consume cultured meat were those who received economics and business education. Students with two years of university education had a higher overall survey score than those with four years of education (p < 0.05). Furthermore, it is discovered that there is a negative correlation between the participants’ ages and their Factor 2 (using cultured meat as an alternative to industrial meat) and Factor 3 (consuming and purchasing it) section points (r = -109, p = 0.036) (r = -0.121, p = 0.019). In conclusion, university students generally have a negative outlook on health-related issues, such as eating cultured meat as an alternative.展开更多
Cellular agriculture is an innovative technology for manufacturing sustainable agricultural products as an alternative to traditional agriculture.While most cellular agriculture is predominantly centered on the produc...Cellular agriculture is an innovative technology for manufacturing sustainable agricultural products as an alternative to traditional agriculture.While most cellular agriculture is predominantly centered on the production of cultured meat,there is a growing demand for an understanding of the production techniques involved in dairy products within cellular agriculture.This review focuses on the current status of cellular agriculture in the dairy sector and technical challenges for cell-cultured milk production.Cellular agriculture technology in the dairy sector has been classified into fermentation-based and animal cell culture-based cellular agriculture.Currently,various companies synthesize milk components through precision fermentation technology.Nevertheless,several startup companies are pursuing animal cell-based technology,driven by public concerns regarding genetically modified organisms in precision fermentation technology.Hence,this review offers an up-to-date exploration of animal cell-based cellular agriculture to produce milk components,specifically emphasizing the structural,functional,and productive aspects of mammary epithelial cells,providing new information for industry and academia.展开更多
Research shows that producing fermented camel milk is hard because of the milk’s inability to form a firm coagulum, attributed to low levels of κ-casein and ꞵ-lactoglobulin and the large casein micelle size, leading...Research shows that producing fermented camel milk is hard because of the milk’s inability to form a firm coagulum, attributed to low levels of κ-casein and ꞵ-lactoglobulin and the large casein micelle size, leading to a weak network of casein formation. In an effort to address this issue, researchers turned to corn starch as a thickening agent, discovering that a concentration of 2.0% effectively improved the viscosity and significantly reduced syneresis in stirred camel milk yoghurt and cultured camel milk. This study explores alternatives to corn starch, focusing on butternut squash seeds as a promising substitute due to their hydrocolloid composition. By incorporating butternut squash (Cucurbita moschata) seed powder (BSSP) as a thickening agent, this study aimed at enhancing the chemical and rheological properties of stirred camel milk yoghurt and cultured camel milk. Fermented camel milk was prepared using 4 litres of camel milk, 2% starter cultures (thermophilic culture for yoghurt and mesophilic aromatic culture for stirred cultured camel milk) and BSSP 0.0% (negative control), 0.4%, 0.8%, 1.2%, 1.6%, 2.0% mixed with 0.4% gelatin. 2.0% corn starch mixed with 0.4% gelatin was used as a standard for comparison. Results showed that increasing the BSSP level significantly (p < 0.05) decreased the moisture content while increasing the total solid content of stirred fermented camel milk products. There was an increase in ash content with an increase in BSSP levels. There was a significant (p < 0.05) reduction in the pH, with an increase in BSSP levels in stirred fermented camel milk samples. Increasing the concentration of BSSP from 0.4% to 2.0% resulted in a significant (p < 0.05) increase in viscosity and a reduction in syneresis of stirred camel milk yoghurt and stirred cultured camel milk samples. This study demonstrated that BSSP effectively enhances the viscosity, reduces syneresis and increases acidity in stirred fermented camel milk products during storage.展开更多
[Objective] The experiment aimed to explore the influences of phytohormones (ABT and IAA) and nutrient solution on rooting of Abies beshanzuensis M.H.Wu by water cultured medium. [Method] The Abies beshanzuensis M.H.W...[Objective] The experiment aimed to explore the influences of phytohormones (ABT and IAA) and nutrient solution on rooting of Abies beshanzuensis M.H.Wu by water cultured medium. [Method] The Abies beshanzuensis M.H.Wu were treated by water (CK), 10 mg/L ABT+ water, 10 mg/L IAA+ water, 10 mg/L ABT+ hoagland solution, 10 mg/L IAA+ hoagland solution, then the rooting process was observed and the formation rate of callus, rooting rate, number of rooting, and root length were investigated and analyzed. [Result] ABT and IAA had obvious influences on callus induction, rooting rate and the number of root of Abies beshanzuensis M.H.Wu by water culture, so they were suitable to be used in water propagation of Abies beshanzuensis M.H.Wu. The treatments of phytohormones had no regular influences on the longest root length and average root length. The nutrient solutions would not generate obvious influence on propagation of Abies beshanzuensis M.H.Wu at firstly stage, but they generated influence on root growth after rooting. [Conclusion] The research provided new ideas for propagation of Abies beshanzuensis M.H.Wu, which could make it out of endangerment situation quickly.展开更多
[Objective] The research aimed to study the tissue culture technology and callus induction by radiation mutation of A. membranaceus Bge. [ Method ] With the different parts of Astragalus membranaceus Bge. var. monghol...[Objective] The research aimed to study the tissue culture technology and callus induction by radiation mutation of A. membranaceus Bge. [ Method ] With the different parts of Astragalus membranaceus Bge. var. mongholicus （ Bge. ） Hsiao aseptic seedling as explants （ leaves, cotyledons, hypocotyls） induced callus, and cotyledon and hypocotyls taken by the method of radiation mutation were studied. [ Result]The results showed that the three explants had relatively high callus induced rate in the medium which respectively made up of MS ＋6-BA 2.0 mg/L ＋ NAA2.0 mg/L, LS ＋6-BA2.0 mg/L ＋NAA0.1 mg/L, MS ＋ 6-BA2.0 rng/L ＋ NAA2.0 rag/L; the optimum mutation time of hypocotyls and cotyledons was 15 minutes; the growth of the callus induced from hypocotyls would be better as the mutation time increased, but when it reached a certain time the growth would be weaken, the induction rate also would be reduced. [ Conclusion] This study will provide the scientific reference in tissue culture and mutation breeding of A. membranaceus Bge.展开更多
Summary: To study whether cultured bovine trabecluar meshwork cells (BTMC) are capable of expressing tTG in protein and at mRNA level, BTMC were cultured in vitro and passaged three times, then the cells were transfer...Summary: To study whether cultured bovine trabecluar meshwork cells (BTMC) are capable of expressing tTG in protein and at mRNA level, BTMC were cultured in vitro and passaged three times, then the cells were transferred onto or cultured on sterile cover or submitted to isolation of RNA with Trizol, and the expression of tTG was detected by immunohistochemical technique and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) respectively. Our results showed that tTG immunostaining was positive in the cytoplasm and rarely in the nucleus of cultured BTMC. No immunostaining was seen in the negative control. Moreover, a single RT-PCR amplified product whose sequence and size were in accordance with our known parameters was obtained. The expression of tTG in cultured BTMC was confirmed in protein and at mRNA level. BMTC is available more readily for the investigation of the relationship between tTG and primary open-angle glaucoma.展开更多
基金Supported by the Natural Science Fundation of China (No. 30571445)Natural Science Fundation of Shandong Province of China
文摘Population genetics of the left-eyed flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus, including natural and cultured stocks distributed in the coastal waters near Qingdao of eastern maritime China, was analyzed in allozyme and RAPD. The results showed that among total 29 gene loci of 15 isozymes, 9 and 7 were po- lymorphic in natural and cultured stocks, respectively. The status of genetic diversity in P. olivaceus is low in terms of polymorphic loci in chi-square test and genetic departure index of Hardy-Weinberg equi- librium. More alleles in IDHP, CAT, GDH and Ldh-C allozymes were found in the fish, which could be used as markers in assortive breeding and distinguishing stock, population or species evolution. Total 88 and 86 RAPD bands ranging from 200 to 2 500 bp were recognized individually in average of 7.8–8.0 bands per primer. The genetic diversity in cultured stock is lower than that in natural ones showing an ob- viously decreasing genetic divergence. Therefore, effective countermeasures must be taken to protect ge- netic resources of marine cultured fishes. The 2 markers have their own pros and cons. Combining the 2 markers to investigate the genetic variation of populations is suggested. The results provide basic data of this flounder and they are useful for studying genetic improvement and genetic resources of the fish.
基金supported by the Key Project of Science & Technology Promoting Agriculture (Shanghai municipal agricultural commission): Research of highlyefficient and ecologically formula feeds for large yellow croaker and groupers (No.2013-5-8)Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding (No.ZF1206)
文摘To compare the flesh quality of large yellow croaker cultured with three different modes, enclosure culture(EC), cage culture with feeding trash fish(CCF) and cage culture with feeding formula diet(CCD), thirty six fish individuals of EC(484.6 ± 79.8 g), CCF(432.7 ± 87.9 g) and CCD(416.9 ± 49.5 g) were sampled to measure body color, flesh water holding capacity, flesh proximate composition, amino acids and fatty acids composition, and collagen and inosinic acid contents. The analysis showed that there was no significant difference in the yellowness of skin and the contents of crude protein and inosinic acid between CCD and EC(P > 0.05), and the two modes showed higher values than CCF(P < 0.05). Most of the amino acids(AA) in flesh were higher in EC than in CCF(P < 0.05), but CCD showed no difference in AA composition from the other two modes(P > 0.05). EC and CCD had higher contents of collagen, free AA and lower drip loss than CC(P < 0.05). In polyunsaturated fatty acids, EC showed significantly higher levels of C20:5 n-3 and C22:6 n-3 than CCF and CCD(P < 0.05), but CCD had significantly higher C18:2 n-6 than CCF and EC(P < 0.05). In conclusion, the flesh quality of CCD fish is similar to EC fish, and these two modes have better flesh quality than CCF.
文摘Background: Over the past 20 years, cultured meat has drawn a lot of public attention as a potential solution to issues with animal husbandry, including inadequate use of natural sources, improper animal welfare practices, and possible risks to public health and safety. The novel method of producing meat through culture reduces the need for animals to produce muscle fiber, thereby obviating the necessity for animal slaughter. Apart from its ethical advantages, cultured meat presents a possible way to fulfill the expanding need for food among growing populations. The purpose of this research was to find out whether Turkish students would be willing to pay for and accept cultured meat. Technique: Method: 371 university students who willingly consented to fill out a questionnaire and provide demographic data make up the research sample. Questions from previous studies on the acceptability of cultured meat were compiled to create the survey. The research’s data collection took place in March and April of 2022. The research was completed in June 2022 after the data had been processed and analyzed. Results: The results showed that the majority of participants were female and had omnivorous eating habits. Based on the results of the Bonferroni correction test, students with a higher intention to purchase and consume cultured meat were those who received economics and business education. Students with two years of university education had a higher overall survey score than those with four years of education (p < 0.05). Furthermore, it is discovered that there is a negative correlation between the participants’ ages and their Factor 2 (using cultured meat as an alternative to industrial meat) and Factor 3 (consuming and purchasing it) section points (r = -109, p = 0.036) (r = -0.121, p = 0.019). In conclusion, university students generally have a negative outlook on health-related issues, such as eating cultured meat as an alternative.
基金supported by a National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korean government(MSIT)(No.2022R1A2C1008327)。
文摘Cellular agriculture is an innovative technology for manufacturing sustainable agricultural products as an alternative to traditional agriculture.While most cellular agriculture is predominantly centered on the production of cultured meat,there is a growing demand for an understanding of the production techniques involved in dairy products within cellular agriculture.This review focuses on the current status of cellular agriculture in the dairy sector and technical challenges for cell-cultured milk production.Cellular agriculture technology in the dairy sector has been classified into fermentation-based and animal cell culture-based cellular agriculture.Currently,various companies synthesize milk components through precision fermentation technology.Nevertheless,several startup companies are pursuing animal cell-based technology,driven by public concerns regarding genetically modified organisms in precision fermentation technology.Hence,this review offers an up-to-date exploration of animal cell-based cellular agriculture to produce milk components,specifically emphasizing the structural,functional,and productive aspects of mammary epithelial cells,providing new information for industry and academia.
文摘Research shows that producing fermented camel milk is hard because of the milk’s inability to form a firm coagulum, attributed to low levels of κ-casein and ꞵ-lactoglobulin and the large casein micelle size, leading to a weak network of casein formation. In an effort to address this issue, researchers turned to corn starch as a thickening agent, discovering that a concentration of 2.0% effectively improved the viscosity and significantly reduced syneresis in stirred camel milk yoghurt and cultured camel milk. This study explores alternatives to corn starch, focusing on butternut squash seeds as a promising substitute due to their hydrocolloid composition. By incorporating butternut squash (Cucurbita moschata) seed powder (BSSP) as a thickening agent, this study aimed at enhancing the chemical and rheological properties of stirred camel milk yoghurt and cultured camel milk. Fermented camel milk was prepared using 4 litres of camel milk, 2% starter cultures (thermophilic culture for yoghurt and mesophilic aromatic culture for stirred cultured camel milk) and BSSP 0.0% (negative control), 0.4%, 0.8%, 1.2%, 1.6%, 2.0% mixed with 0.4% gelatin. 2.0% corn starch mixed with 0.4% gelatin was used as a standard for comparison. Results showed that increasing the BSSP level significantly (p < 0.05) decreased the moisture content while increasing the total solid content of stirred fermented camel milk products. There was an increase in ash content with an increase in BSSP levels. There was a significant (p < 0.05) reduction in the pH, with an increase in BSSP levels in stirred fermented camel milk samples. Increasing the concentration of BSSP from 0.4% to 2.0% resulted in a significant (p < 0.05) increase in viscosity and a reduction in syneresis of stirred camel milk yoghurt and stirred cultured camel milk samples. This study demonstrated that BSSP effectively enhances the viscosity, reduces syneresis and increases acidity in stirred fermented camel milk products during storage.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Plan of Zhejiang Province(2005C32036)National Natural Science Foundation of China(30700644)~~
文摘[Objective] The experiment aimed to explore the influences of phytohormones (ABT and IAA) and nutrient solution on rooting of Abies beshanzuensis M.H.Wu by water cultured medium. [Method] The Abies beshanzuensis M.H.Wu were treated by water (CK), 10 mg/L ABT+ water, 10 mg/L IAA+ water, 10 mg/L ABT+ hoagland solution, 10 mg/L IAA+ hoagland solution, then the rooting process was observed and the formation rate of callus, rooting rate, number of rooting, and root length were investigated and analyzed. [Result] ABT and IAA had obvious influences on callus induction, rooting rate and the number of root of Abies beshanzuensis M.H.Wu by water culture, so they were suitable to be used in water propagation of Abies beshanzuensis M.H.Wu. The treatments of phytohormones had no regular influences on the longest root length and average root length. The nutrient solutions would not generate obvious influence on propagation of Abies beshanzuensis M.H.Wu at firstly stage, but they generated influence on root growth after rooting. [Conclusion] The research provided new ideas for propagation of Abies beshanzuensis M.H.Wu, which could make it out of endangerment situation quickly.
文摘[Objective] The research aimed to study the tissue culture technology and callus induction by radiation mutation of A. membranaceus Bge. [ Method ] With the different parts of Astragalus membranaceus Bge. var. mongholicus （ Bge. ） Hsiao aseptic seedling as explants （ leaves, cotyledons, hypocotyls） induced callus, and cotyledon and hypocotyls taken by the method of radiation mutation were studied. [ Result]The results showed that the three explants had relatively high callus induced rate in the medium which respectively made up of MS ＋6-BA 2.0 mg/L ＋ NAA2.0 mg/L, LS ＋6-BA2.0 mg/L ＋NAA0.1 mg/L, MS ＋ 6-BA2.0 rng/L ＋ NAA2.0 rag/L; the optimum mutation time of hypocotyls and cotyledons was 15 minutes; the growth of the callus induced from hypocotyls would be better as the mutation time increased, but when it reached a certain time the growth would be weaken, the induction rate also would be reduced. [ Conclusion] This study will provide the scientific reference in tissue culture and mutation breeding of A. membranaceus Bge.
文摘Summary: To study whether cultured bovine trabecluar meshwork cells (BTMC) are capable of expressing tTG in protein and at mRNA level, BTMC were cultured in vitro and passaged three times, then the cells were transferred onto or cultured on sterile cover or submitted to isolation of RNA with Trizol, and the expression of tTG was detected by immunohistochemical technique and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) respectively. Our results showed that tTG immunostaining was positive in the cytoplasm and rarely in the nucleus of cultured BTMC. No immunostaining was seen in the negative control. Moreover, a single RT-PCR amplified product whose sequence and size were in accordance with our known parameters was obtained. The expression of tTG in cultured BTMC was confirmed in protein and at mRNA level. BMTC is available more readily for the investigation of the relationship between tTG and primary open-angle glaucoma.
