Coexistence of Chances and Challenges-Impact of China's Entry into WTO on China Textile Industry

The main content of this article is the analysis of chances and challenges after China enters WTO. It also points out how to use competition to seek countermeasures of the contemporary shortcomings of the entry. Policies should be adjusted, multinational management should be improved, the cultivation of high-tier people should be advancing, and at the same time the new orientation of the ongoing international economic readjustment should be grasped.

Reducing Recidivism With the Chances Program:Immigrant Juvenile Delinquents in Israel

This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of the Chances program,a program that was established in 2004 in order to prevent juvenile delinquency among immigrant youth in Israel.Previous research showed that immediately after the program ended,all participants stopped their delinquent behavior.The current research tested the effectiveness of the program two and a half years later and explored the risk of or immunity to recidivism among graduates of the program.A sample of 145 graduates was asked to fill out a closed questionnaire examining the effectiveness of the program through self‐report questions about recidivism.The results were significant,showing that only three of the graduates(14%of the sample)continued to commit felons,while the great majority(86%)reintegrated into normative life within the community including school,employment,and army service.Fears of disappointing their tutor were found central to the discontinuation of delinquency.The graduates also attributed other elements of the Chances program to their normative behavior and reintegration into normative society.The implications of this study demonstrate that although the Chances program was designed to treat immigrant delinquent youth,its success can be relevant for treating native‐born delinquent youth as well.

Showing Yourself Actively for Chances

【导读】无论在学习还是在生活中,我们都需要机会去探索自己、提升自己,从而走向成功的彼岸。机会从来不会主动向我们走来,除非我们时刻都以最积极、最饱满的状态去迎接它。

Data-driven Wasserstein distributionally robust chance-constrained optimization for crude oil scheduling under uncertainty

Crude oil scheduling optimization is an effective method to enhance the economic benefits of oil refining.But uncertainties,including uncertain demands of crude distillation units(CDUs),might make the production plans made by the traditional deterministic optimization models infeasible.A data-driven Wasserstein distributionally robust chance-constrained(WDRCC)optimization approach is proposed in this paper to deal with demand uncertainty in crude oil scheduling.First,a new deterministic crude oil scheduling optimization model is developed as the basis of this approach.The Wasserstein distance is then used to build ambiguity sets from historical data to describe the possible realizations of probability distributions of uncertain demands.A cross-validation method is advanced to choose suitable radii for these ambiguity sets.The deterministic model is reformulated as a WDRCC optimization model for crude oil scheduling to guarantee the demand constraints hold with a desired high probability even in the worst situation in ambiguity sets.The proposed WDRCC model is transferred into an equivalent conditional value-at-risk representation and further derived as a mixed-integer nonlinear programming counterpart.Industrial case studies from a real-world refinery are conducted to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.Out-of-sample tests demonstrate that the solution of the WDRCC model is more robust than those of the deterministic model and the chance-constrained model.

Belief reliability:a scientific exploration of reliability engineering

This paper systematically introduces and reviews a scientific exploration of reliability called the belief reliability.Beginning with the origin of reliability engineering,the problems of present theories for reliability engineering are summarized as a query,a dilemma,and a puzzle.Then,through philosophical reflection,we introduce the theoretical solutions given by belief reliability theory,including scientific principles,basic equations,reliability science experiments,and mathematical measures.The basic methods and technologies of belief reliability,namely,belief reliability analysis,function-oriented belief reliability design,belief reliability evaluation,and several newly developed methods and technologies are sequentially elaborated and overviewed.Based on the above investigations,we summarize the significance of belief reliability theory and make some prospects about future research,aiming to promote the development of reliability science and engineering.

Vision, Brilliance, And Triumph

Exchange programme offers chance to see the amazing progress China has made in all aspects Wonderful,amazing,charming!These words aptly describe my first experience in China when I visited the country to attend the 8th China-Africa Youth Festival,held in Beijing and then Zhejiang Province on 19-26 May.

No Second Chances

Today,IT security plays a crucial role in the Olympic Games.What will be the greatest IT challenges for the Beijing Olympics,and how will the organizers guarantee security during the Games?In a recent interview with Beijing Review reporter Chen Ran,Patrick Adiba,Executive Vice President in charge of the Olympics and Major Events from IT company Atos Origin, talked about the latest developments in the Beijing Olympics IT project.

Second Chances

本文作者是美国Datasteam System公司的创建者、董事长和总裁。作者从救援落水姑娘得到启发。引起了对“第二次机会”的联想和感悟:“第二次机会”不仅仅是求助,而且更是决心,创新和不失时机。这种机会虽然不多,但公司总裁要善於识别和不失时机地抓住它们,并据此创造巨额利润或产生起死回生的奇效。“第二次机会”是人人可以接受的一份礼物。”

Centralized-local PV voltage control considering opportunity constraint of short-term fluctuation

This study proposes a two-stage photovoltaic(PV)voltage control strategy for centralized control that ignores short-term load fluctuations.In the first stage,a deterministic power flow model optimizes the 15-minute active cycle of the inverter and reactive outputs to reduce network loss and light rejection.In the second stage,the local control stabilizes the fluctuations and tracks the system state of the first stage.The uncertain interval model establishes a chance constraint model for the inverter voltage-reactive power local control.Second-order cone optimization and sensitivity theories were employed to solve the models.The effectiveness of the model was confirmed using a modified IEEE 33 bus example.The intraday control outcome for distributed power generation considering the effects of fluctuation uncertainty,PV penetration rate,and inverter capacity is analyzed.

Optimal Configuration Method for the Installed Capacity of the Solar-Thermal Power Stations

Because of the randomness of wind power and photovoltaic(PV)output of new energy bases,the problem of peak regulation capability and voltage stability of ultra-high voltage direct current(UHVDC)transmission lines,we proposed an optimum allocation method of installed capacity of the solar-thermal power station based on chance constrained programming in this work.Firstly,we established the uncertainty model of wind power and PV based on the chance constrained planning theory.Then we used the K-medoids clusteringmethod to cluster the scenarios considering the actual operation scenarios throughout the year.Secondly,we established the optimal configuration model based on the objective function of the strongest transient voltage stability and the lowest overall cost of operation.Finally,by quantitative analysis of actual wind power and photovoltaic new energy base,this work verified the feasibility of the proposed method.As a result of the simulations,we found that using the optimal configuration method of solar-thermal power stations could ensure an accurate allocation of installed capacity.When the installed capacity of the solar-thermal power station is 1×106 kW,the transient voltage recovery index(TVRI)is 0.359,which has a strong voltage support capacity for the system.Based on the results of this work,the optimal configuration of the installed capacity of the solar-thermal power plant can improve peak shaving performance,transient voltage support capability,and new energy consumption while satisfying the Direct Current(DC)outgoing transmission premise.

Online Gambling Addiction in Parakou (Benin, 2022)

Introduction: Online gambling is becoming increasingly popular worldwide. With its well-crafted visual and audio marketing, it is attracting more and more young people in Africa, where problems linked to employment and poverty are undermining youth. The consequences of gaming-related practices for health in general, and mental health in particular, are not negligible. The aim of this study was to measure the extent of the phenomenon within an urban community in Benin. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study with analytical aim conducted in the general population of Parakou, northern Benin, from December 2021 to November 2022. A self-administered questionnaire incorporating DSM 5 criteria for pathological gambling was used to collect data. Results: A total of 576 subjects divided into 30 clusters of 19 to 20 individuals consented to participate in the study. The proportion of gamblers was 30.56%. The prevalence of pathological gambling calculated according to DSM 5 criteria was 24.65% [21.31% - 28.33%] in the general population. The prevalence of severe pathological gambling was estimated at 8.16% [5.96% - 10.44%] in the general population. The prevalence of anxiety was 28.30% ([24.62% - 31.98%]), compared with 15.10% ([12.18% - 18.02%]) for depression. Factors with a significant association with pathological gambling were: age, access to online gambling, access to video games, exposure to gambling advertisement, having gambling friends, debt accumulation. A statistically significant link was also found between pathological gambling and anxiety/depression. Conclusion: The reality of pathological gambling in northern Benin calls for effective preventive action among vulnerable groups at national level, involving various actors at different levels.

胸腰椎Chance骨折和屈曲过伸型损伤的手术治疗

目的 :观察胸腰段Chance骨折和屈曲过伸型损伤伴神经损伤的手术疗效。方法 :全组 11例 ,男 8例 ,女 3例 ,年龄 15～ 48岁 ,平均 34岁。神经功能FrankelA级 2例 ,B级 2例 ,C级 2例 ,D级 4例和E级 1例。手术内固定器械分别使用了Harrington、沈氏、RF和CD内固定系统。随访时间 1～ 9年 ,平均 3年 8个月。结果 :全组病例脊柱后柱分离得到明显恢复 ,脊柱前柱压缩亦得到改善。除 2例FrankelA级患者神经功能无变化外 ,8例不全截瘫均有Frankel 1级以上的改善。结论 :手术治疗可及时恢复脊柱的稳定性 。

Chance骨折发生机制及椎弓根内固定治疗探讨

目的探讨胸腰椎Chance骨折的发生机制及经后路椎弓根内固定的疗效分析。方法经后路椎弓根螺钉固定治疗Chance骨折28例，男17例，女11例，年龄18～63岁；致伤节段：T12 9例，L1 12例，L2 5例，L3 2例。结果失访5例，余23例均获6个月至7．5年的随访，随访病例脊柱后柱分离状态均得到明显恢复，无内固定失败及感染等并发症，除Frankel功能分级A级患者神经系统功能无变化外，其余21例神经损伤患者均有不同程度恢复。结论Chance骨折经椎弓根内固定手术治疗，可及时恢复脊柱的稳定性，促进患者康复。

微创脊柱内固定治疗胸腰段Chance骨折

目的探讨微创脊柱手术治疗胸腰段Chance骨折的方法。方法回顾分析2010-10-2014-03经后路微创脊柱内固定系统治疗胸腰段Chance骨折25例,按照Denis屈曲过伸分型Ⅰ型14例,Ⅱ型8例,Ⅲ型2例,Ⅳ型1例,术前完善CT和MRI明确诊断,手术采用UPASSⅡ脊柱微创系统内固定,术后定期随访,随访指标以患者伤椎前缘高度恢复程度为主。结果本组25例均获得随访,4-6周内骨折愈合良好,可护腰保护下功能锻炼。伤椎前缘高度由术前(70.4±14.3)%恢复至术后(95.8±4.1)%。临床疗效根据Macnab评分优良率80%。结论 Chance骨折为不稳定骨折,应行手术治疗;微创脊柱内固定系统适用于不需进行椎管探查的chance骨折治疗。

胸腰椎Chance骨折的手术治疗

目的观察胸腰段Chance骨折的手术疗效.方法对12例胸腰椎Chance骨折患者进行手术治疗,内固定使用Harritong加压装置、Dick钉、C-D和钛缆内固定系统.随访时间12～42个月,平均21个月.结果全部病例脊柱后柱分离得到了明显恢复,脊柱前柱也得到改善.除2例ASIA分级为A级的患者神经功能无变化外,其他4例伴有不完全性脊髓损伤的患者ASIA神经功能均有1级改善.结论手术治疗可即刻恢复胸腰椎Chance骨折脊柱稳定性,利于早期康复,促进神经功能恢复.

Chance骨折的诊断及手术治疗

目的回顾性分析了17例Chance骨折的诊断、分类及手术治疗效果.方法对17例Chance骨折的诊断分类,治疗方法进行总结和讨论.结果17例病人术后随访3个月至1 a,骨折均骨性愈合,未遗留有脊柱后凸畸形,3例伴神经症状患者术后得到恢复.结论及时诊断、合理治疗是改善愈合避免后遗畸形的关键.

手术治疗胸腰椎Chance骨折

目的探讨胸腰椎Chance骨折的发生机制和诊治方法。方法2006年7月-2008年1月治疗胸腰椎chance骨折18例，平均年龄29．6岁。损伤部位：T11 1例，T12 5例，L1 7例，L2 4例，L3 1例；按Denis分型：Ⅰ型1例，Ⅱ型5例，Ⅲ型2例，Ⅳ型0例。全部患者采用经后路手术治疗，行椎弓根螺钉钉棒固定。结果随防时间平均9．5个月。骨折复位满意，椎体前份高度恢复，分离的后部结构闭合。术前有神经损伤的患者术后不同程度恢复，植骨全部骨性愈合。结论Chance骨折属屈曲牵张型损伤，不只发生于车祸伤，CT矢状位重建对诊断有重要意义。其损伤涉及了脊柱的三柱，属于不稳定骨折，需要手术内固定治疗。后路经椎弓根螺钉钉棒固定可以达到满意复位、脊柱的三柱即刻稳定等。是治疗Chance骨折的有效方法。

87例亲权鉴定案例分析

1987年5月至1991年3月,我室共接受亲权鉴定案87例,占我室同期总鉴定例数的44%,现将资料整理报告如下。材料与方法一、材料来源87例亲权鉴定案中,62例由湖北、湖南、河南、江西、江苏省各地、县、市及武汉地区司法机关送检,占71.3%,22例为自诉案件,占25.3%,其余3例由主管计划生育部门委托鉴定,占3.4%。

儿童车祸中安全带致Chance骨折合并小肠破裂一例及文献复习

有关汽车安全带在车祸中致儿童受伤的相关报道较为罕见,该损伤可致脊柱的屈曲-牵张损伤(Chance骨折),其机制在相应的英文文献中有所描述。本文旨在分析浙江大学医学院附属儿童医院骨科创伤中心收治的1例典型儿童车祸中安全带损伤所致脊柱Chance骨折合并小肠破裂患者的病例资料,并进行文献复习,以期提高国内小儿骨科及小儿外科医师对该疾病的认识。