<i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Cronobacter sakazakii</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> is an emerging ubiquitous and opportunistic pathogen that cur...<i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Cronobacter sakazakii</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> is an emerging ubiquitous and opportunistic pathogen that currently contaminates a wide spectrum of foods including powdered milk and poses a lethal threat to neonates, the elderly and persons with immune deficiencies. They cause life threatening neonatal meningitis, septicemia, and necrotizing enterocolitis. A total of 360 samples of powdered infant formula were collected from postnatal hospital attendees reconstituting the PIF for their children in the North Central region of Nigeria where cases of infant mortality </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">are </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">very high and presenting as enterocolitis and diarrhea. Pre-enriched samples were cultured in chromogenic </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Cronobacter</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> broth and were then further sub-cultured into a chromogenic </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Cronobacter sakazakii</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> agar. They were positive, exhibiting yellowish cultures typical of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Cronobacter sakazakii</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. Biochemical tests of the isolates were also carried out and indicated the presence of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Cronobacter sakazakii</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. The isolates were then characterized molecularly using specie specific PCR detection of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Cronobacter sakazakii</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. The targeted genes of interest were </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ompA</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> gene and </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">CPA</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> gene. The isolates tested showed bands for </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ompA</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> gene on electrophoresis imager and were confirmed as </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Cronobacter sakazakii.</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> In Nigeria, majority of infants are still fed with PIF. There is no existing data on the detection of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Cronobacter sakazakii</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> previously reported in the North central region of Nigeria hence the need to carry out the present study. The result of the study demonstrated the need for effective prevention and control measures as contamination of PIF with </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Cronobacter sakazakii</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> constituted potential public health risk to neonates and infants.展开更多
In this work, by the use of several physico-chemical complementary methods for the characterization of soil (diffraction of x-rays, chemical analysis, density, cationic exchange capacity, specific sur faces, m?ssbauer...In this work, by the use of several physico-chemical complementary methods for the characterization of soil (diffraction of x-rays, chemical analysis, density, cationic exchange capacity, specific sur faces, m?ssbauer, granulometry, etc.), the smectite of the three clayey localities of Benin (Gbédji-Kotovi, Massi-Sèhouè and Zogbodomey) was notably studied. Thus, these three sites principally contain principally smectite, kaolinite and quartz in variable proportion. This smectite is a beidellite. Its chemical formula is proposed. The specific surfaces and the cationic exchange capacity of the samples are determined. For these samples, the fraction lower than 2 μm is practically beidellitic for Gbédji-Kotovi and Massi-Sèhouè (more than 82% of beidellite) and practically kaolinitic (70% of kaolinite) for Zogbodomey. So, used as additive food to ruminant, the clay of Gbédji-Kotovi and Massi-Sèhouè will induce an enteric reduction of methane more than clay of Zogbodomey.展开更多
By introducing a vibrating force field into the extrusion process of polymer melt, an experimental equipment of constant velocity type dynamic rheometer of capillary (CVDRC) was designed. A set of experimental procedu...By introducing a vibrating force field into the extrusion process of polymer melt, an experimental equipment of constant velocity type dynamic rheometer of capillary (CVDRC) was designed. A set of experimental procedures was established, by which the dynamic rheological parameters of polymer can be acquired, and a set of data management methods to undergo time-domain or frequency-domain analysis was set up for dynamic rheological data of polymer melt. Meantime, the characterization formula of polymer melt's rheological behavior in a vibrating force field was set up. The instantaneous value of capillary entry pressure, capillary volume flow rate and their phase difference were measured and analyzed, and the melt apparent viscosity, which describes the rheological behavior of polymer melt in a vibrating force field, was obtained.展开更多
Given a new Double-Markov risk model DM = (μ, Q, v, H; Y, Z) and Double-Markov risk process U = {U(t), t 〉 0}. The ruin or survival problem is addressed. Equations which the survival probability satisfied and th...Given a new Double-Markov risk model DM = (μ, Q, v, H; Y, Z) and Double-Markov risk process U = {U(t), t 〉 0}. The ruin or survival problem is addressed. Equations which the survival probability satisfied and the formulas of calculating survival probability are obtained. Recursion formulas of calculating the survival probability and analytic expression of recursion items are obtained. The conclusions are expressed by Q matrix for a Markov chain and transition probabilities for another Markov Chain.展开更多
Let G be a semisimple group over an algebraically closed field of characteristic p > 0. We give a(partly conjectural) closed formula for the character of many indecomposable tilting rational G-modules assuming that...Let G be a semisimple group over an algebraically closed field of characteristic p > 0. We give a(partly conjectural) closed formula for the character of many indecomposable tilting rational G-modules assuming that p is large.展开更多
文摘<i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Cronobacter sakazakii</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> is an emerging ubiquitous and opportunistic pathogen that currently contaminates a wide spectrum of foods including powdered milk and poses a lethal threat to neonates, the elderly and persons with immune deficiencies. They cause life threatening neonatal meningitis, septicemia, and necrotizing enterocolitis. A total of 360 samples of powdered infant formula were collected from postnatal hospital attendees reconstituting the PIF for their children in the North Central region of Nigeria where cases of infant mortality </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">are </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">very high and presenting as enterocolitis and diarrhea. Pre-enriched samples were cultured in chromogenic </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Cronobacter</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> broth and were then further sub-cultured into a chromogenic </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Cronobacter sakazakii</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> agar. They were positive, exhibiting yellowish cultures typical of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Cronobacter sakazakii</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. Biochemical tests of the isolates were also carried out and indicated the presence of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Cronobacter sakazakii</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. The isolates were then characterized molecularly using specie specific PCR detection of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Cronobacter sakazakii</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. The targeted genes of interest were </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ompA</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> gene and </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">CPA</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> gene. The isolates tested showed bands for </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ompA</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> gene on electrophoresis imager and were confirmed as </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Cronobacter sakazakii.</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> In Nigeria, majority of infants are still fed with PIF. There is no existing data on the detection of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Cronobacter sakazakii</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> previously reported in the North central region of Nigeria hence the need to carry out the present study. The result of the study demonstrated the need for effective prevention and control measures as contamination of PIF with </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Cronobacter sakazakii</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> constituted potential public health risk to neonates and infants.
文摘In this work, by the use of several physico-chemical complementary methods for the characterization of soil (diffraction of x-rays, chemical analysis, density, cationic exchange capacity, specific sur faces, m?ssbauer, granulometry, etc.), the smectite of the three clayey localities of Benin (Gbédji-Kotovi, Massi-Sèhouè and Zogbodomey) was notably studied. Thus, these three sites principally contain principally smectite, kaolinite and quartz in variable proportion. This smectite is a beidellite. Its chemical formula is proposed. The specific surfaces and the cationic exchange capacity of the samples are determined. For these samples, the fraction lower than 2 μm is practically beidellitic for Gbédji-Kotovi and Massi-Sèhouè (more than 82% of beidellite) and practically kaolinitic (70% of kaolinite) for Zogbodomey. So, used as additive food to ruminant, the clay of Gbédji-Kotovi and Massi-Sèhouè will induce an enteric reduction of methane more than clay of Zogbodomey.
文摘By introducing a vibrating force field into the extrusion process of polymer melt, an experimental equipment of constant velocity type dynamic rheometer of capillary (CVDRC) was designed. A set of experimental procedures was established, by which the dynamic rheological parameters of polymer can be acquired, and a set of data management methods to undergo time-domain or frequency-domain analysis was set up for dynamic rheological data of polymer melt. Meantime, the characterization formula of polymer melt's rheological behavior in a vibrating force field was set up. The instantaneous value of capillary entry pressure, capillary volume flow rate and their phase difference were measured and analyzed, and the melt apparent viscosity, which describes the rheological behavior of polymer melt in a vibrating force field, was obtained.
基金supported by NSFC (11171101, 11271121)Doctoral Fund of Education Ministry of China (20104306110001)Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department (12C0562)
文摘Given a new Double-Markov risk model DM = (μ, Q, v, H; Y, Z) and Double-Markov risk process U = {U(t), t 〉 0}. The ruin or survival problem is addressed. Equations which the survival probability satisfied and the formulas of calculating survival probability are obtained. Recursion formulas of calculating the survival probability and analytic expression of recursion items are obtained. The conclusions are expressed by Q matrix for a Markov chain and transition probabilities for another Markov Chain.
基金G.Lusztig was supported by National Science Foundation of USA(GrantNo.DMS-1303060)by a Simons Fellowship
文摘Let G be a semisimple group over an algebraically closed field of characteristic p > 0. We give a(partly conjectural) closed formula for the character of many indecomposable tilting rational G-modules assuming that p is large.