Capsule Development Characters at Different Positions of Sesame(Sesamum indicum)

[Objective] This study aimed to explore the capsule development at differ-ent positions of sesame （Sesamum indicum）. [Method] The number of flowers and capsules at lower part （below the 8th node from the bottom）, middle part （at 9th-20th nodes from the bottom） and upper part （above the 20th node） of sesame plants （Zhengzhi 98N09） was counted. The length, width, fresh weight of the capsules, fresh and dry weight of the seeds, and the dry weight of the capsule shel s at dif-ferent growth stages were measured. [Result] From the bottom to the top of sesame plants, the numbers of flowers and capsules at each node showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. The 15th and the 12th node had the maxi-mum flower number （9.3 flowers per node on average） and the maximum capsule number （4.2 capsules per node on average）, respectively. The middle nodes had the highest capsule setting rate, up to 45.1%, fol owed by that at upper nodes, 30.1%, and the capsule setting rate at lower nodes was the smal est, only 25.0%. The capsule length, width, fresh weight, seed fresh weight, dry weight and capsule shel dry weight at middle part were higher than that at lower and upper part. Moreover, grain fil ing rates of the lower, middle and upper capsules were 0.003 5, 0.004 4 and 0.003 0 g/（capsule·d）. It suggests that the substances gave priority to supply the middle capsules during the development of capsules. [Conclusion] This study wil provide theoretical basis for the cultivation of high-yielding sesame.

Numerical Analysis of Interaction Between Single-Pulse Laser-Induced Plasma and Bow Shock in a Supersonic Flow

The interaction of laser-induced plasma and bow shock over a blunt body is inves- tigated numerically in an M∞ =6.5 supersonic flow. A ray-tracing method is used for simulating the process of laser focusing. The gas located at the focused zone is ionized and broken down and transformed into plasma. In a supersonic flow the plasma moves downstream and begins to interact with the bow shock when it approaches the surface of the blunt body. The parameters of flowfield and blunt body surface are changed due to the interaction. By analyzing phenomena occurring in the complex unsteady flowfield during the interaction in detail, we can better under- stand the change of pressure on the blunt body surface and the mechanism of drag reduction by laser energy deposition. The results show that the bow shock is changed into an oblique shock due to the interaction of the laser-induced low-density zone with the bow shock, so the wave drag of the blunt body is reduced.

Chinese Enrichment and Development of Marxist Concept of Democracy in the New Era

Since the Eighteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China,Chinese communists,re-presented by President Xi Jinping,have innovated Marxist Concept of Democracy base on Chinese history,culture and conditions. On the basis of inheriting Marxist thought of the inner prescriptions of "people's democracy",they fur-ther expanded the connotation and extension of "rule by the people",developed the contents of the electoral democ-racy and consultative democracy in China.,enriched the concrete requirements of the democratic realization condi-tions from the aspects of economic foundation,intellectual support and the guarantee of the rule of law,and a new ex-ploration is made on the development of China's democratic political system from the aspects of Party's leadership and operation supervision.

Spin-dependent transport induced by magnetization in zigzag graphene nanoribbons coupled to one-dimensional leads

We study spin transport in a zigzag graphene nanoribbon sample with two ferromagnetic strips deposited on the two sides of the ribbon. A tight-binding Hamiltonian was adopted to describe the sample connected to two one- dimensional leads. Our theoretical study shows that the resonance peaks of conductance for the spin-up and spin-down electrons are separated for the parallel configuration of the ferromagnetic strips, while they are not separated for the case of antiparallel configuration. This means that giant magnetoresistance can be produced at particular energies by altering the configurations of the ferromagnetic strips, and the device can be designed as a spin filter.

基于AMESim的喷浆机械手负载敏感技术的研究（英文）

综述了喷浆机械手的工作原理,阐述了负载敏感技术的构成和工作原理,建立了负载敏感系统的AMESim模型,通过对系统的仿真研究,分析了负载敏感系统的压力及流量特性,为了解负载敏感系统的优点提供了数据支持,并为喷浆机械手的设计及发展提供了理论依据。

Decomposition and embedment of trajectories after explosion for a birth and death process

Let X = X(t),t < σ (σ is lifespan) be a birth and death process with explosion whose characteristic triple is (α, C, D). For a set $\bar M \subset \bar E = \left\{ {0, 1, 2, \cdots , \infty } \right\}$ , reserving the trajectories before the first explosion time τ and decomposing the trajectories after τ for X according to $\bar M$ we obtain a new birth and death process $_{\bar M} X = \left\{ {_{\bar M} X\left( t \right), t < _{\bar M} \tau } \right\}$ . We calculate the average lifetime after τ for $_{\bar M} X$ and corresponding characteristic triple $\left( {_{\bar M} \alpha , _{\bar M} C, _{\bar M} D} \right)_{\bar M} X$ of $_{\bar M} X$ in terms of (α,C, D) and $\bar M$ . This means that a lot of given birth and death processes can be embedded in one and the same birth and death process. If $k \in \bar E$ and $\bar M = \left\{ k \right\}$ , we decompose X into $_k X, k \in \bar E$ .

Influence of inhabitant background on the physical changes of Banjarese houses： A case study in Kuin Utara settlement, Banjarmasin, Indonesia

The disappearance of vernacutar buitdings is a common phenomenon worldwide and in Indonesia. The Banjarese house, a type of Indonesian vernacutar architecture, is a typicat riverside dwetling that shows the strong relationship between the river and the inhabitants. In view of the number of Banjarese houses facing degradation as a riverside type of vernacutar architecture, a study is necessary. The characteristics of the inhabitants must be considered when observing the condition of the remaining houses. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the influence of inhabitant background on the physicat changes of Banjarese houses for future revitatization. A research was conducted in the embryo of Banjarmasin atong the Kuin riverside setttement in Kuin Utara sub-district through a door-to-door survey with a questionnaire. The exploration indicates the following： （1） the original form of art remaining houses has been attered, （2） most of the inhabitants are ctassified as a tow-income society, （3） the different characteristics of the present inhabitants change the physicat condition of houses, （4） the retationship of the current house condition to the socio-cutture and economy of the inhabitants prays a prominent rote in revitatizing Banjarese houses as a vatuabte asset.

Experimental investigation on phase transformation type micropump

The phase transformation type micropump without moving parts was experimentally studied in this note. To analyze the pumping mechanism of the micropump, a simplified physical model was presented. The experimental results indicate that the pump characteristic is mainly dependent on the heating and cooling conditions. For a given system, there exist an optimal combination of heating current and switch time with which the flow rate reaches maximum. Comparing with the natural cooling, the forced con-vective cooling needs larger heating current to obtain the same flow rate. In our experiments, the maximum flow rate is 33μL/min when the inner diameter of the micropump is 200μm, and the maximum pumping pressure reaches over 20 kPa. The theoretical analysis shows that the pumping mechanism of the micropump mainly lies in the large density difference between liquid and gas phases and the effect of gas chocking.

Improving acoustical characteristics of a Gothic cathedral using simple public address system： A case study of Nlyeong-dong Cathedral in Seoul, Korea

In the present study, improving acoustical characteristics of a Gothic cathedral （Myeong-dong Cathedral, which is the first built Western Gothic-style architecture in Korea） using simple public address system were investigated. Acoustical measurements were conducted at 11 selected points inside the cathedral and seven acoustical parameters were calculated： sound pressure level （SPL）： 64.6 dBA （the measurement value with regard to the omni-directional speaker sound source）; 74.5 dBA （the measurement value with regard to the public address speaker sound source）, early decay time （EDT）： 4.04 s; 3.76 s, reverberation time （RT6o）： 3.58 s; 3.89 s, clarity （Cso）： -6.2 dB; -2.8 dB, definition （D50）： 18%; 29%, initial time delay gap （ITDG）： 47 ms; 23 ms, and rapid speech transmission index （RASTI）： 32%; 42%. Parameters showed that the acoustical characteristics of a typical Gothic cathedral include rich reverberation and diffusive sound fields. Meanwhile, there was improved speech intelligibility when using simple public address system. Based on subjective evaluation, there was overall satisfaction with voice and music recognition and the highest satisfaction with clarity with respect to voice recognition and with reverberation with respect to music recognition. This is a good solution of optimized acoustic environment through harmony between natural reverberation and reinforced clarity using simple public address system.

Experimental research on the mechanism of non-monotonic characteristic between curing temperature and mechanical behaviors of Kevlar/epoxy composite

An experimental procedure is conducted to investigate the mechanism of the non-monotonic characteristic between curing temperature and mechanical behaviors of the Kevlar/epoxy composite in macro and micro levels. Different specimens are fabricated at four different curing temperatures and tested with ±45° off-axis tensile loading on a universal test machine coupled with digital image correlation(DIC). Moreover, the environmental scanning electron microscope(SEM) was used to obtain the micrographs and reveal their mechanism. The tested results show that the tensile mechanical behaviors are sensitive to the curing temperature and the relationship is non-monotonic. Also, as the temperature increases, the thicknesses of the specimens are significantly enlarged. By analyzing the SEM micrographs of the matrix grooves in the damage zone and DIC strain contours, it is concluded that the non-monotonic relationship is dominated by the properties of the Kevlar/epoxy interfaces and deformation of the distorted fibers.

Imitation of the characteristics of the wind turbine based on DC motor

This paper analyzed the operating principles and power and torque characteristics of the wind turbine and the direct current motor (DC motor), and investigated the operating characteristics of the wind turbine compared to that of the DC motor. The torque imitation scheme, which has good performance and high feasibility, together with the whole wind turbine imitation system, was provided. The wind turbine imitation system includes not only a hardware platform composed of PC, data-collection board and thyristor-based velocity-regulator, but also monitor software of wind turbine imitation. The experimental results of different occasions verify the correctness and feasibility of the wind turbine imitation scheme proposed in this paper, which provided a valid idea for wind turbine imitation and investigation of wind power generation techniques in the laboratory.