A simulated landfill anaerobic bioreactor was used to characterize the anaerobic biodegradation and biogas generation of organic waste which was mainly composed of residuals of vegetables and foods. We investigated th...A simulated landfill anaerobic bioreactor was used to characterize the anaerobic biodegradation and biogas generation of organic waste which was mainly composed of residuals of vegetables and foods. We investigated the dy-namics of the coenzyme F420 activity and determined correlations between biogas yields,methane yields,methane con-centration and coenzyme F420 activity. The experiment was carried out under different conditions from control without any treatment,addition of Fe3+,microorganism inoculation to a combination of Fe3+ addition and inoculation at a tem-perature of 36±2 ℃ . The experiment was lasted 120 d and coenzyme F420 activity was analyzed using ultraviolet spec-trophotometry. Experimental results indicated that activity of the coenzyme F420 treated by Fe3+ and microorganism in-oculation increased substantially. The waste treated by inoculation had the greatest increase. When the waste was treated by Fe3+,inoculation and the combination of Fe3+ and inoculation,biogas yields increased by 46.9%,132.6% and 153.1%,respectively; while the methane yields increased 4,97 and 98 times. Methane concentration varied between 0 and 6% in the control reactor,from 0 to 14% for waste treated by the addition of Fe3+,from 0 to 59% for waste treated by inoculation and from 0 to 63% for waste treated by Fe3+ addition and inoculation. Correlations between coenzyme F420 activity and biogas production,methane production and methane concentration proved to be positively significant (p<0.05),except for the control. Consequently,coenzyme F420 activity could be used as an index for monitoring the ac-tivity of methanogens during anaerobic biodegradation of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste.展开更多
The problem of environmental pollution and health hazards due to inappropriate solid waste disposal is critical in developing countries like Ethiopia,Nekemte town is one of the town in Ethiopia facing from environment...The problem of environmental pollution and health hazards due to inappropriate solid waste disposal is critical in developing countries like Ethiopia,Nekemte town is one of the town in Ethiopia facing from environmental pollution due to lack of appropriate dumping site which leads pollution of surface and ground water and environment in and around dumping area.The key objective of this study was the selection of appropriate sites for disposal,solid waste using Geographic Information System tools.Selection the most suitable landfill site was determined through the integration of geographic information system tools,multi-criteria decision investigation and remote sensing techniques.To select a suitable landfill site several parameters were considered for example slope,constructed area,road,water bodies,land uses,geology and soil.After analysis of the suitability of a solid waste-dumping site used GIS tools,weighted analyzed methods selected 36 areas for medium solid waste Bins.Suitability map was prepared by overlay analyzed with GIS based Weighted Linear Combination analysis to select the suitable sites and assigned as the value as unsuitable,less suitable,moderately suitable,suitable and highly suitable were determined.Using this method selected,highly suitable areas for land fill and inclination area.展开更多
基金Projects 40372069 supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNCET-05-0479 by the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University0F4506 by the Science and Technology Foundation of China University of Mining and Technology
文摘A simulated landfill anaerobic bioreactor was used to characterize the anaerobic biodegradation and biogas generation of organic waste which was mainly composed of residuals of vegetables and foods. We investigated the dy-namics of the coenzyme F420 activity and determined correlations between biogas yields,methane yields,methane con-centration and coenzyme F420 activity. The experiment was carried out under different conditions from control without any treatment,addition of Fe3+,microorganism inoculation to a combination of Fe3+ addition and inoculation at a tem-perature of 36±2 ℃ . The experiment was lasted 120 d and coenzyme F420 activity was analyzed using ultraviolet spec-trophotometry. Experimental results indicated that activity of the coenzyme F420 treated by Fe3+ and microorganism in-oculation increased substantially. The waste treated by inoculation had the greatest increase. When the waste was treated by Fe3+,inoculation and the combination of Fe3+ and inoculation,biogas yields increased by 46.9%,132.6% and 153.1%,respectively; while the methane yields increased 4,97 and 98 times. Methane concentration varied between 0 and 6% in the control reactor,from 0 to 14% for waste treated by the addition of Fe3+,from 0 to 59% for waste treated by inoculation and from 0 to 63% for waste treated by Fe3+ addition and inoculation. Correlations between coenzyme F420 activity and biogas production,methane production and methane concentration proved to be positively significant (p<0.05),except for the control. Consequently,coenzyme F420 activity could be used as an index for monitoring the ac-tivity of methanogens during anaerobic biodegradation of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste.
文摘The problem of environmental pollution and health hazards due to inappropriate solid waste disposal is critical in developing countries like Ethiopia,Nekemte town is one of the town in Ethiopia facing from environmental pollution due to lack of appropriate dumping site which leads pollution of surface and ground water and environment in and around dumping area.The key objective of this study was the selection of appropriate sites for disposal,solid waste using Geographic Information System tools.Selection the most suitable landfill site was determined through the integration of geographic information system tools,multi-criteria decision investigation and remote sensing techniques.To select a suitable landfill site several parameters were considered for example slope,constructed area,road,water bodies,land uses,geology and soil.After analysis of the suitability of a solid waste-dumping site used GIS tools,weighted analyzed methods selected 36 areas for medium solid waste Bins.Suitability map was prepared by overlay analyzed with GIS based Weighted Linear Combination analysis to select the suitable sites and assigned as the value as unsuitable,less suitable,moderately suitable,suitable and highly suitable were determined.Using this method selected,highly suitable areas for land fill and inclination area.
