美国侦探小说之渊源、发展与叙事

侦探小说因其惊悚悬疑的情节和紧张刺激的审美体验在美国文学中占有举足轻重的地位。侦探小说以传统文学积淀为要素,以心理推理和逻辑破案为媒介,经过作者的渲染和布局,描述故事的发展和结局。美国文学中,自爱伦·坡开创了美国侦探小说先河之后,经历了安娜·凯瑟琳的过渡时期,创建了侦探小说的写作原理和程式,而范达因和奎恩的写作使美国侦探文学达到黄金时期,而至后来发展为20世纪的硬汉派小说,从情节、叙事、意境和效价都日臻完善,在美国文学中独树一帜。

Classification and identification of risk factors for type 2 diabetes

The risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)have been increasingly researched,but the lack of systematic identification and categorization makes it difficult for clinicians to quickly and accurately access and understand all the risk factors,which are categorized in this paper into five categories:Social determinants,lifestyle,checkable/testable risk factors,history of illness and medication,and other factors,which are discussed in a narrative review.Meanwhile,this paper points out the problems of the current research,helps to improve the systematic categorisation and practicality of T2DM risk factors,and provides a professional research basis for clinical practice and industry decision-making.

An Interpretation of the Spontaneous Narration in "On the Road"

Jack Kerouac's"On the Road"breaks the unity and rigor in structural narration,and adopts a spontaneous writing.Based on the former interpretation and literary reviews on the narrative theory,spontaneous narration is interpreted from structure arrangement,dis playing plots and monologues.

蒲鲁东与马克思思想的形成

在马克思思想的形成与演进过程中,蒲鲁东作为马克思的斗争者和对话者,扮演了不可忽视的角色。蒲鲁东对马克思的影响主要体现在三个方面:首先,蒲鲁东的影响是马克思从青年黑格尔派的思辨哲学中解脱出来,进而转向政治经济学批判的关键环节之一;其次,蒲鲁东提出的以科学视角为社会主义奠定基础的观念,对马克思走向科学社会主义产生了积极的推动作用;最后,蒲鲁东的“系列辩证法”在某种程度上为马克思《资本论》的历史的辩证的叙述方法提供了灵感。然而,蒲鲁东对马克思的影响始终是有限的和有条件的。同时,必须牢记的是,蒲鲁东的学说本质上属于唯心主义范畴,与马克思的彻底唯物主义存在根本性的差异。

学理·情理·事理:高校思政课叙事说理的三重向度

高校思政课的本质是讲道理,这是新时代思政课的根本遵循,也是需要把握的重要命题。从学理、情理、事理三重向度理解高校思政课叙事说理的核心要义,可以从整体上把握其理论意涵和实践旨趣。具而言之,高校思政课要聚焦理论阐释,在以文本为基点、以问题为导向、以方法为指引的统一中讲清学理,把道理讲深;强化价值引领,在用真心走近学生,用真情感染学生,用真实打动学生的统筹中讲清情理,把道理讲透;提升叙事能力,在优化叙事内容、丰富叙事话语、改进叙事方式的统合中讲清事理,把道理讲活。

论《故乡那么辽阔,为何还要远行》

王选是一位在西秦岭一隅成长起来的青年作家,这里独具特色的地理空间为其创作提供源源不断的灵感和内生动力,并且对其写作风格产生一定影响。在他发表的新作《故乡那么辽阔,为何还要远行》中,空间首先为叙事展开的主要场景,这一相对固定的叙事空间存在于西秦岭一带广阔而寂寥,鲜活又落寞的天地之间,具有独特的审美意蕴;其次,作家在书中通过返乡这一行动,促成城乡空间的转换,表现了城乡发展趋势的脉络以及城市文明与乡村文明的碰撞,使这两个空间的独特个性得以展现。同时,这一环节也成为连接这两个空间的有效媒介,达成以空间展现时间的叙事效果;最后,故乡这一空间深刻影响着作家的创作心理,书中统一明了的叙事结构和对方言、民俗的描写,勾勒出作家对于故乡的记忆空间,同时使读者对作品的价值内涵有了更清晰的了解。

Zigzag Narration,Intrusion of Second-Person Narration and Free Direct/Indirect Style:An Analysis of the Prominent Narrative Features of Selma Lagerlöf’s The Story of a Country House

The Story of a Country House is one of the Swedish novelist Selma Lagerlöf’s short stories collected in her work From a Swedish Homestead.One of the crucial features in the story’s narrative is its telling of certain events and immediate retelling of part of that events by adopting another perspective,resulting in the overlapping of the narration of events that occur either in parallel with each other in the same time period in the story or in sequential time periods that happen to have significance on one another,thus the zigzag narration.We can see that the zigzag rendering of narration that does not follow the linear time order not only highlights the importance of the time period overlapped,but also leaves room for the introduction of different perspectives of various characters,if the introduction of a different perspective and voice is not the only purpose of shifting back the narrative time.We readers are thus granted access to more than one individual’s mindset to come to terms with the experiences partially shared by these characters to form a fuller picture of the whole situation.

Brand Narration and Fashion Films

Starting from the new approaches of brand communication in New Millennium Era, we show why, according to us,the fashion film is a powerful tool in defining and strengthening the visual identity of a fashion brand. Our analysisis focused on ordering the different kinds of narration in this special category of orl-line videos and we discover thatthey work about the three fundamental parameters of the Visual Identity Model.

In the Labyrinth of Memory Cultural Representations About the Warsaw Rising of 1945 in Polish Film and Media Narration

The Warsaw Uprising is one of the events key to understanding not only the history of Poland but also Central Europe and World War II. The Uprising shows that the war was not a simple fight of good against evil （as it often perceived in Western Europe） but that in fact three sides, each with different goals, were involved--two totalitarian systems and the world of Western democracies. Memory is a phenomenon that is directly related to the present; our perception of the past is always influenced by the present. The aim of the author＇s presentation is to examine how the collective memory of Polish people about the Warsaw Rising was changing. The author would argue that the remembrance of this event is situated between the communicative memory and cultural memory. To prove it, the author will examine two movies： Sewer （1956） by Andrzej Wajda, Eroica （1956） by Andrzej Munk, and the narrative exhibition of the Warsaw Rising Museum.

Marginal narration in Town and Country Lovers

Town and Country Lovers is the masterpiece of the prominent South African writer Nadine Gordimer.Trying to illustrate the discrimination bore by native African women in the 20th century from the perspective of marginal narration,it is going to ex?plore how the character suffers from the multiple oppressions in patriarchal and the whites’society.The three sets of marginal nar?rations:racial marginalization,gender marginalization and emotional marginalization will reveal the miserable encounter and sur?vival predicament of colored women in South Africa.

Storytelling in a Hospital and the Self＇s Homecoming The Act of a Greek Woman Storyteller From Nafplion in Greece and the Art of Narration

In this paper the author draws extensively upon her personal experience in witnessing storytelling in the oncological wing of the Laiko Hospital of Athens during her hospitalization in September-October 2004. More specifically, she concentrates on the presence of an inspired woman folk storyteller who, also a patient visited in the same period the hospital for personal treatment. Having the ability to tell a story skillfully, the specific storyteller ultimately tried with her narrations to ease the pain, both physical and spiritual, of patients that suffered from heavy or light forms of cancer, regardless of the fact that she herself was facing similar health problems. This essay sheds light on the persistence and function of tradition in our days and examines how illness and misfortune are ascribed and how the storyteller and listeners are connected. Her purpose is to find out what and how people learn and teach each other under special circumstances. This question has not been absent from the work of folklorists. The fieldwork was based on qualitative research, and the ethnographic method and collecting were used.

Irrational Narration in The Black Cat

Edgar Allan Poe,a writer of American Romantic period,is a forerunner in the use of irrational narration,especially in his dark tales,opening up a new approach for literature.Whether from narration perspective,plot or theme,The Black Cat,one of his masterpiece,is the typical manifestation of this narration.

Research on Unreliable Narration of Love Writing in “The Bear Came over the Mountain”

Alice Munro,a famous Canadian Canadian short-story writer.She gained the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2013.Munro’s works focus on women and adolescents.She also writes about the illness and love of the elderly.“The Bear Came over the Mountain”is one of them.In this story,Munro adopts unreliable narration to depict love between Grant and Fiona.This paper aims to study the love writing and its unreliable narration in this story.Based on the text of love writing,this paper analyzes the specific strategies of unreliable narration.The author believes that the unreliable narration of the love text in the story can be divided into the unreliable narration of character type and information type.Through analysis of these two types of narration in the story,special meaning of unreliable narration to describe love can be found.Besides,Munro’s description also contains her own insight of love:the course of true love does not always run smooth.

A Rhetorical Analysis of Unreliable Narration in The Loudest Voice

Based on rhetorical research methods of the unreliability,the paper intends to explore the unreliable narrative strategies of the narrator in Grace Paley's The Loudest Voice from the perspectives of the Wayne Booth's criterion of the distance between the narrator and the implied author and James Phelan's extension of unreliability on the basis of classical rhetorical narratology,point⁃ing out that the unreliability serves as the narrative trap which is set up to reveal the inner theme of the work:"The loudest voice"-what the protagonist thought she certainly possessed was only her illusion instead of the truth,and Eastern European Jewish com⁃munity was de facto marginalized by the mainstream culture at that time.

The Analysis of Color Narration of Animated Film Ne Zha

Color has an intuitive expression of the material world,and is often used by creators of animated films in the narrative process of the film to express a creator’s subjective feelings.Color narration is a special mental imagination activity.It mainly refers to human beings perceiving colors in the external environment,and judging by their own rich life experience,and finally achieving a comprehensive cognition of external things.The animated film Ne Zha has attracted the attention of the audience since its release.That is because the film uses color narration ingeniously to innovate traditional stories and familiar characters,it displays the story through shocking visual expression,so that the audience can feel the influence of traditional culture while understanding the story,reflecting the unique artistic charm of color narration.This paper analyzes three aspects of color narration in showing the binary oppositions of goodness and evil,portraying vivid characters,promoting the development of narration,and highlighting the tension of the film,and fully expounds the importance of color narration in animated films.

Narration and Healing of Psychological Trauma in Chinese Left-behind Children

The problem of left-behind children appears under the background of China’s industrialization,urbanization and modernization with the deepening of its reform and opening up. From 1980s,literature began to give attention to this special phenomenon.Many writers wrote about children’s psychological trauma in alienated families and social environment,and also gave suggestions on the healing of left-behind children’ psychological trauma in their works. This paper argues that the weakening of family education,the deficiency of schooling and the low social coordination are essential factors that lead to the psychological trauma of left-behind children in rural China. Joint effort from family,school and society contribute to the healing of the trauma,among which,love,writings and speeches are effective ways.

思政课叙事的数智赋能与优化路径

在社会加速数智化转型的背景下,思政课作为高校思想政治教育的重要抓手,需要对这一趋势进行积极回应,从而实现由课程内容的简单“叙述”走向结合技术的多样“数叙”。通过数智技术的运用,思政课的课堂环节推进以及课程目标实现能够得到多维赋能。就前者而言,课堂教学将更加丰富生动、师生互动将实现精准双向、课后评估更加全面客观;就后者而言,党史史实能够被跨时空地生动传授,制度自信能够沉浸式地交互养成,道路价值能够跨领域地被多元、有效感知,时代发展也能在融媒体的形式下被实时、多样叙述。面对数智赋能的趋势,思政课叙事中也应当坚守特定的原则,具体而言包括对技术伦理准则、教学活动目标、学生主体地位、课程育人功能以及科学考核体系的坚守。因此,就思政课叙事的变革优化路径而言,需要以中国特色思想支撑技术伦理准则,以整合多重媒介实现教学活动目标,以数智叙事方法强化学生主体地位,以生活化的手段确保课程育人功能,以智能评价机制充实科学考核体系。

Narration as Therapy in Natsume Sōseki's I Am a Cat

Natsume Sōseki(1867-1916) suffered from cyclic mental depressions through his life, and it was when he was in the state of the most terrible one that he started his career as a writer by writing I Am a Cat(1905-1906). There are some evidence by his wife and friends that Sōseki's condition of disease dramatically improved during its serialization on a magazine, and the writer himself admited humorously in the preface of other work that it was his depression and mania that enabled him to produce I Am a Cat and other early works. This paper aims at describing the process how his act of narrating had therapeutic effects on his state of mind focusing on the construction of complicitous relationship between an implied author and readers in the work by the unique functions of the first-‘person' narrator: A Cat. Among others, I will consider the influence of Laurence Sterne's Tristram Shandy(1759-1767), which Sōseki introduced to Japan for the first time, by discussing the frequent use of metalepsis that the two works have in common.

The Artistic Split between the Exterior Narration and the Interior Material in Wuthering Heights

This essay investigates the way Emily Bronte manipulates the artistic split between the exterior frame,the hostile naration of Nelly and Lockwood,and the core story of Catherine and Heathcliff.As noticed by the literary critic,Armold Krupat,while Nelly and Lockwood narrate the protagonists'story,they remain emotionally detached from them.Expanding and commenting upon Krupat's argument and observation,this essay will argue that Bronte intentionally makes Nelly's and Lockwood's attitudes towards the protagonists strangely repressive and unsympathetic.In doing so,Bronte spotlights and dramatizes social mores'contaminating influence on Catherine's relationship to Heathcliff.In the 19h century England,people could not be respected unless theywere wealthy and had refined and elegant manners.Though falling in love with Heathcliff deeply,Catherine abandons her authentic will and marries the wealthy Edgar Linton.In this sense,echoing the way social norms control the fates of Catherine and Heatheliff,Nelly and Lockwood also antagonistically control their fates.In contrast to the exterior narrators,the protagonists in the interior story are always passive and remain subjected to outer forces.

Application of Narration in QR Code Image Design

Narrative design was originated in the 20th century.As a kind of design thinking,it runs through various fields such as architecture,environment,and new media.The QR code design has gradually become a bridge for media integration design,and its importance is becoming increasingly obvious.An optimized QR code design may gradually replace the original LOGO of certain goods or brand.In this study,narration is embedded into the QR code design,and a new QR code design image is gradually constructed through three ways of planarization,spatialization,and narration.