Effect of Adhesive Type on the Quality of Coconut Shell Charcoal Briquettes Prepared by the Screw Extruder Machine

Indonesia is one of the largest coconut-producing countries in the world.The utilization of coconut shell waste into briquettes will increase the selling value and become a great export opportunity.However,the effect of adhesives on the quality of coconut shell charcoal briquettes made using screw extruder machine has not been widely studied.This study aims to determine the effect of adhesive type on the quality of coconut shell charcoal briquettes.The process of fabricating briquettes in this study included crushing,mixing,blending,pressing,and drying.In the mixing process,3 types of adhesives were used,namely tapioca flour(Briquette_1),cassava flour(Briquette_2),and modified cassava flour(Briquette_3)with a concentration of 5%of the weight of coconut shell charcoal powders.The quality of the resulting briquettes and commercial briquettes will be evaluated by moisture content,ash content,volatile matter,fixed carbon,calorific value,density,compressive,and drop test testing.The results of this research showed that the type of adhesive had a significant effect on the quality of the briquettes produced.Specimen Briquette_1 had better quality than commercial briquettes(Briquette_4)and other briquette specimens.The test results showed that Briquette_1 produced briquettes with better compressive strength and friability than the other specimens,at 6.95 N/mm^(2) and 4.44%,respectively.The moisture content,ash content,fixed carbon,and calorific value of Briquette_1 have met the requirements set by the Indonesian National Standard(SNI)number 01-6235-2000.Meanwhile,the volatile matter content and density of Briquette_1 are by the standards of Japan and the United States America(USA).

Charcoal Nanoparticles as a Delivery System for Doxorubicin and Sorafenib in Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver cancer and one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide. Advanced HCC displays strong resistance to chemotherapy, and traditional chemotherapy drugs do not achieve satisfactory therapeutic efficacy. The delivery of therapeutic compounds to the target site is a major challenge in the treatment of many diseases. Objective: This study aims to evaluate activated charcoal nanoparticles as a drug delivery system for anticancer agents (Sorafenib and Doxorubicin) in Hepatocellular Cancer Stem Cells. Method: The percent efficiency of entrapment (% EE) of the doxorubicin and sorafenib entrapped onto the activated charcoal was obtained by determining the free doxorubicin and sorafenib concentration in the supernatant-prepared solutions. Then the characterizations of nanoparticles were formed by determination of the particle size distribution, zeta potential, and polydispersity index (PDI). The anticancer activity of activated Charcoal, Doxorubicin-ACNP, sorafenib-ACNP, free doxorubicin, and free sorafenib solutions was measured based on cell viability percentage in HepG2 cell lines (ATCC-CCL 75). In vitro RBC’s toxicity of Doxorubicin/sorafenib loaded charcoal was estimated by hemolysis percentage. Results: The synthesized Doxorubicin-ACNP and Sorafenib-ACNP were evaluated and their physiochemical properties were also examined. Essentially, the percent Efficiency of Entrapment (EE %) was found to be 87.5% and 82.66% for Doxorubicin-ACNP and Sorafenib-ACNP, respectively. The loading capacity was 34.78% and 24.31% for Doxorubicin-ACNP and Sorafenib-ACNP. Using the Dynamic Light scattering [DLS] for the determination of the hydrodynamic size and surface zeta potential, a narrow sample size distribution was obtained of (18, 68, and 190 nm for charcoal, 105, 255, and 712 nm for doxorubicin, and 91, 295, and 955 nm for sorafenib), respectively. A surface charge of −13.2, −15.6 and −17 was obtained for charcoal, doxorubicin/charcoal, and sorafenib/charcoal nanoparticles. The cytotoxic activity of Doxorubicin-ACNP and Sorafenib-ACNP was evaluated in-vitro against HepG2 cell lines and it was observed that Drug loaded ACNP improved anticancer activity when compared to Doxorubicin or Sorafenib alone. Moreover, testing the toxicity potential of DOX-ACNP and Sorafenib-ACNP showed a significant reduction in the hemolysis of red blood cells when compared to Doxorubicin and Sorafenib alone. Conclusion: In conclusion, it is notable to state that this study is regarded as the first to investigate the use of Activated charcoal for the loading of Doxorubicin and Sorafenib for further use in the arena of hepatocellular carcinoma. Doxorubicin-ACNP and Sorafenib-ACNP showed noteworthy anticancer activity along with a reduced potential of RBCs hemolysis rendering it as an efficacious carrier with a low toxicity potential.

Effects of Charcoal Marketing on the Environment and Health in the City of Cotonou in Southern Benin

Charcoal marketing is the main activity in the Gbegamey district of Cotonou. The aim of the study was to determine the effects of charcoal marketing on the environment and health of the Gbegamey population. A mixed descriptive and evaluative design was adopted. Data were collected using an interview guide, a structured non-participatory observation grid and air quality analysis equipment (PCE RCM 8 air quality detector;Carbon monoxide meter AS 87000A and Anemometer AM 4812) among charcoal traders, food vendors and residents living near charcoal sales outlets, selected by non-probabilistic purposive sampling, and were analysed with reference to national regulatory provisions and WHO recommendations (2022). 57 people, including 26 shopkeepers, were surveyed. Their average age was 45, with extremes of 25 and 65. The effects of charcoal marketing on health and the environment were known to 23 traders, who unfortunately did not adopt any protective measures. Some of the health effects mentioned were rheumatic and cardiovascular diseases. Pollutants (PM1: 96 µg/m3, PM2.5: 161 µg/m3, PM10: 206 µg/m3, CO: 185 mg/m3) were present in the coal-selling environment at Gbegamey. According to the respondents, respiratory diseases (42.31%), rheumatic diseases (30.77%) and cardiovascular diseases (11.54%) affected the traders, while respiratory diseases (51.61%) affected the general population. The marketing of charcoal in the Gbegamey district generates a high concentration of pollutants in the atmosphere. The activity needs to be monitored in order to limit its effects.

Inhibition of Propionibacterium acnes by refined bamboo vinegar and preparation of the slow-release system with bamboo charcoal as the carrier

Background:Acne vulgaris is one of the most common skin diseases that can significantly impact a considerable proportion of individuals over their lifetime.Objective:This study focuses on the exploration of the application potential of bamboo vinegar in cosmetics.Materials and Methods:The stock solution of bamboo vinegar is subjected to reduced-pressure distillation at different temperatures to obtain refined bamboo vinegar.Then,inhibition of Propionibacterium acnes(P.acnes)by refined bamboo vinegar is observed.Moreover,the refined bamboo vinegar is adsorbed and released with activated bamboo charcoal as the carrier.In all,this study aims to probe into the mechanism of the controlledrelease system of bamboo vinegar.Results:The results shows that the harmful substances(tar)in bamboo vinegar distilled at 70℃decreased by 94.44%,which is a more notable decrease compared with that in the stock solution.The total organic acid content in bamboo vinegar after reduced-pressure distillation is 11.840%,reaching the national standard for refined bamboo vinegar(GB/T 31734–2015).Additionally,the minimum inhibitory concentration of refined bamboo vinegar against P.acnes using the punch method is 7.90 mg/mL.This indicates that refined bamboo vinegar has the potential as a prospective raw material for formulations in anti-acne cosmetic products.Furthermore,the release rate of bamboo charcoal/bamboo vinegar in water for 15 min reaches 70.57%,which then slows down to a plateau.The slow-release behavior is agreed with the Ritger-Peppas model and is beneficial to relieve the irritation of bamboo vinegar to the skin and lengthen its bacteriostatic duration.Conclusion:The foregoing conclusions can serve as the theoretical foundation for the application of bamboo vinegar in anti-acne cosmetics.

Chemoselective Transfer Hydrogenation of Cinnamaldehyde over Activated Charcoal Supported Pt/Fe3O4 Catalyst

A variety of spherical and structured activated charcoal supported Pt/Fe3O4 composites with an average particle size of ~100 nm have been synthesized by a self-assembly method using the difference of reduction potential between Pt （Ⅳ） and Fe （Ⅱ） precursors as driving force. The formed Fe3O4 nanoparticles （NPs） effectively prevent the aggregation of Pt nanocrystallites and promote the dispersion of Pt NPs on the surface of catalyst, which will be favorable for the exposure of Pt active sites for high-efficient adsorption and contact of substrate and hydrogen donor. The electron-enrichment state of Pt NPs donated by Fe304 nanocrystallites is corroborated by XPS measurement, which is responsible for promoting and activating the terminal C=O bond of adsorbed substrate via a vertical configuration. The experimental results show that the activated charcoal supported Pt/Fe3O4 catalyst exhibits 94.8% selectivity towards cinnamyl alcohol by the transfer hydrogenation of einnamaldehyde with Pt loading of 2.46% under the optimum conditions of 120 ℃ for 6 h, and 2-propanol as a hydrogen donor. Additionally, the present study demonstrates that a high-efficient and recyclable catalyst can be rapidly separated from the mixture due to its natural magnetism upon the application of magnetic field.

Preparation and activity research of ecological nano mineral admixture from rice husk charcoal

The rice husk ash （ RHA） and silica （ Si02） nanoparticles are prepared from rice husk charcoal （RHC） by the methods of ventilated calcining and chemical precipitation, respectively, to remove the residual carbon which is harmful to cement composites. The structures and morphologies of these products are investigated by the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning/ transmission electron microscopy and N2 adsorption- desorption analyzer. The results show that the as-produced RHA and Si02 nanoparticles exist in amorphous phase without residual carbon, and exhibit porous structures with specific surface areas of 170.19 and 248. 67 m2 /g , respectively. The micro particles of RHA are aggregated by numerous loosely packed Si02 gel particles with the diameter of 50 to 100 nm. The Si02 nanoparticles are well dispersed with the average size of about 30 nm. Both the RHA and Si02 nanoparticles can significantly reduce the conductivity of saturated Ca（OH）2 solution and increase the early strength of the cement composites. They also exhibit high pozzolanic activity, indicating that they can be used as ecological nano mineral admixtures.

Analysis and characterization of microstructures of a TiO_2/bamboo charcoal composite and modified poplar veneer

A type of TiO/bamboo charcoal composite made by a dip-dry method was loaded onto wood veneer with a vacuum- pressure method in order to prepare modified poplar veneer. The pore structure parameters and surface morphology of the TiO2/ bamboo charcoal composite were determined and analyzed by means of a porosimetry analyzer and SEM. The results show that the surface morphology of the composite does not change after being loaded with nano TiO2. However, its specific surface area （359.814 m^2·g^-1）, pore volume （0.317 cm^3.g^-1） and average pore diameter （3.526 nm） increased; particularly the cumulative volume of pores was increased by 65.83%. In addition, the distribution range of the pores was wider than that of the bamboo charcoal. Combining the SEM of unmodified and modified poplar veneer, the results of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed that actually some TiOz compounds, i.e., 4.08%, are imbedded in the modified poplar veneer.

Quality and Emission Analysis of Charcoal from Various Species of Wood Using Improved Carbonization Technologies in Kenya

Biomass energy provides over 70%of the national energy demand in Kenya.Increased demand has contributed to increased environmental degradation through deforestation,contributing significantly to the global emissions of greenhouse gases,loss of habitats,and biodiversity,and increased health risks.Efficient charcoal conversion technologies have been researched and developed.However,no studies have been undertaken to establish the influence of the improved technologies on the quality of charcoal produced and the emission levels of greenhouse gases from each kiln.The study was undertaken(in eastern Kenya)to determine the effect of carbonization technology and tree species on the quality of the charcoal,the emission levels of the kilns,and the energy properties of the charcoal from various selected species.A total of 14 species were sourced for the study and carbonized using the Adams retort,portable metal,improved earth and the traditional earth kilns.The results indicated that Balanites aegyptiaca,Terminalia spinosa,Acacia nilotica and A.tortilis were ranked best indigenous species in terms of calorific values with mean calorific values above 6.0 kcal/g while Prosopis juliflora,Casuarina equistifolia and Eucalyptus camadulensis were the best exotic species with mean kcal/g of 6.430 kcal/g,5.972 kcal/g and 5.633 kcal/g respectively.Analysis of variance on the energy values indicated there was no significant difference in the quality of charcoal produced using the different kilns.The improved earth kiln and the portable metal kiln produced charcoal that was more dense and intact.Charcoal from the preferred indigenous species had also the longest burning time with a mean of 124 minutes compared to 62.4 minutes for the exotics.The highest burning temperature was found in the indigenous species.Results on emission tests were conducted using a portable gas analyzer on the four kiln types.The carbon dioxide emissions were rather high.Methane production in all kilns showed an upward trend at the beginning of the carbonization process and towards the end,the levels declined.The study concluded that a number of species are overexploited for charcoal production with no conservation measures being undertaken thus being threatened with extinction.The types of kiln have significant effect on the energy values(calorific values)of charcoal.The quality of charcoal using improved kilns gave high calorific values.Emission levels for all kiln types were generally high.The study recommends further research on all improved charcoal conversion technologies for reduced emission of greenhouse gases especially retorts since they utilize the flue gases.

Fossil charcoal from the Middle Jurassic of the Ordos Basin,China and its paleoatmospheric implications

The Yah＇an Formation of the Ordos Basin is a sequence of four members, consisting of si- liciclastic sediments deposited in alluvial, lacustrine and mire settings during the Middle Jurassic. Samples collected from Members Two and Four contain abundant blackened plant material identified through standard analytical techniques as fusain （fossil charcoal）. The occurrence of fusain in fluvial sandstones at multiple horizons in the outcrops, combined with the previously reported high concentra- tion of inertinite in the coals of Member One, indicates that paleowildfire was a common occurrence in the Ordos Basin during Yan＇an deposition. Sedimentary evidence from Yan＇an outcrops suggests that the paleoclimate was seasonal during deposition of Members Two through Four, which may have contributed to the wildfire frequency. The presence of fusain in the Yah＇an Formation indicates that atmospheric oxygen levels were clearly above the minimum required for sustained combustion during the Middle Jurassic. This conclusion contradicts previous geochemical models for paleoatmospheric composition, but supports more recent studies.

Influences of Charcoal Amendment on Adsorption-Desorption of Isoproturon in Soils

In order to prevent pesticide leaching from soil, the effects of charcoal amendment on adsorption-desorption of isoproturon in soils were studied and the mechanisms in reducing the loss of isoproturon from soils were suggested. Adsorption-desorption of isoproturon in five different particle sizes of charcoals and three different soils were studied using batch equilibration technique. The results showed that the experimental data were well fitted by the Freundlich empirical equation. Charcoal had a great adsorption capacity for isoproturon, and the smaller the particle size of charcoal, the more the adsorption of isoproturon. The amendment with charcoal could greatly improve the adsorption of isoproturon in soils. The adsorption of isoproturon in soils increased with the rate of charcoal amended （r= 0.9568＊＊, P 〈 0.01）. Desorption of isoproturon from charcoals and soils showed significant hystersis which was shown by the higher adsorption slope （1/nsds） compared to the desorption slope （1/ndes. The hysteresis effects of charcoal on desorption of isoproturon were closely correlated with the content of charcoal in the soils, and the hysteresis index （H） increased with the rate of charcoal amended. Observation of environmental scanning electron microscopy （ESEM） exhibitted the fine pore structure and special surface characteristics of the tested charcoal. Analysis of Fourier transform infrared spectra （FTIR） of isoproturon adsorbed on charcoal suggested probable bonding interactions between isoproturon and charcoal. This research suggests that charcoal amendment may be an effective management practice for controlling pesticide desorption and leaching in soils.

Charcoal Production via Multistage Pyrolysis

Interests in charcoal usage have recently been re-ignited because it is believed that charcoal is a muchbetter fuel than wood. The conventional charcoal production consumes a large amount of energy due to the prolonged heating time and cooling time which contribute to the process completing in one to several days. Wood py-rolysis consists of both endothermic and exothermic reactions as well as the decomposition of the different components at different temperature range （hemicellulose： 200-260℃; cellulose： 240-350℃ and lignin： 280-500℃）. Inthis study we propose a multistagepyrolysis which is an approach to carry out pyrolysis with multiple heating stages so as to gain certain processing benefits. We propose a three-stage approach which includes rapid stepwise heating stage to a variable target temperatures of 250 ℃, 300℃, 350 ℃ and 400 ℃, slow and gradual heatingstage to a tinal temperature of 400℃ and adiabatic with cooling stage. The multi-stage pyrolysis process can save 30% energy and the processing time by using a first temperature target of 300 ℃and heating rate of 5℃.min-1 to produce a fixed-carbon yield of 25.73% as opposed to the base case with a fixed-carbon yield of23.18%.

Research Progress on Application Effect of Biomass Charcoal and Its Restoration of Soil Phenolic Acid Pollution

Biomass charcoal has positive effects on reducing soil nutrient loss, increasing fertilizer utilization, reducing organic pollution and pesti-cide residues, inhibiting pollutant enrichment, and reducing bioavailability of pollutants. In this paper, the concept and effect of biomass charcoal were reviewed; the research situation of phenolic pollutants in soil was described; and the research progress on restoration of soil phenolic acid pol-lution by biomass charcoal application was summarized.

Increase in thermal stability of proteins adsorbed on biomass charcoal powder prepared from plant biomass wastes

Thermal stability of lysozyme adsorbed on biomass charcoal powder (BCP), which was prepared from plant biomass wastes such as dumped adzuki bean, bamboo, and wood by pyrolysis without combustion under nitrogen atmosphere and comminution with a jet mill, was examined. Adsorbing lysozyme on BCP could sufficiently prevent proteins from denaturing and aggregating in an aqueous solution at high temperatures, and enhanced the refolding of thermally denatured proteins by cooling treatment. The remaining activities of lysozyme adsorbed on BCP of adzuki bean exhibited 51% by cooling treatment after the heat treatment at 90?C for 30 min, although that of native lysozyme was almost lost under the same experimental conditions. The thermostabilization effect of BCP on the remaining activity of adsorbed lysozyme was markedly dependent upon the kind of plant biomass wastes.

Manganese extraction from high-iron-content manganese oxide ores by selective reduction roasting-acid leaching process using black charcoal as reductant

Reduction roasting-acid leaching process was utilized to process high-iron-content manganese oxide ore using black charcoal as reductant. The results indicate that, compared with the traditional reductant of anthracite, higher manganese extraction efficiency is achieved at lower roasting temperature and shorter residence time. The effects of roasting parameters on the leaching efficiency of Mn and Fe were studied, and the optimal parameters are determined as follows: roasting temperature is 650 °C, residence time is 40 min, and black charcoal dosage is 10%(mass fraction). Under these conditions, the leaching efficiency of Mn reaches 82.37% while that of Fe is controlled below 7%. XRD results show that a majority of MnO2 and Fe2O3 in the raw ore are reduced to MnO and Fe3O4, respectively.

Adsorption characteristics of chitooligosaccharides onto activated charcoal in aqueous solutions

To investigate the adsorption characteristics of chitooligosaccharides in solution onto activated charcoal,we studied the optimal adsorption conditions and the adsorption mechanisms of the chitooligosaccharides onto activated charcoal,which will greatly promote the application of activated charcoal in the chitooligosaccharides separation and purification.We studied the effects of particle size of activated charcoal,pH of solution,contact time,temperature,and initial concentration of chitooligosaccharides on the adsorption behavior in batch mode experiments.Activated charcoal in fine particle size showed a high uptake of chitooligosaccharides.Weak alkaline solution(pH 8–9)was the most favorable to the adsorption.The adsorption equilibrium after 60 min was established,which followed a pseudo-second-order kinetic model.The adsorption capacity(Q_(max))reached 0.195 g/g(chitooligosaccharides/activated charcoal)at 298 K.The adsorption was temperature-insensitive,and the adsorption isotherms could be best described by the Langmuir equation.Chitooligosaccharides adsorbed on activated charcoal could be desorbed in 50%ethanol solution in combination with an acidic condition(pH 2),reaching desorption efficiency of 96.0%.These findings are of great significance for the production and purification of amino oligosaccharides including chitooligosaccharides using activated charcoal.

Coppicing ability of dry miombo woodland species harvested for traditional charcoal production in Zambia:a win–win strategy for sustaining rural livelihoods and recovering a woodland ecosystem

The miombo woodland is one of the most extensive woodlands in Africa, supporting livelihoods based on biomass fuel for millions of rural people. However, there are growing concerns about the sustainability of harvesting for biomass fuel （mainly charcoal）. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine whether regeneration by coppice is a viable option for sustainably managing miombo woodlands for biomass fuel production. We tested the hypotheses that （1） species, stump diameter, stump height and time since cutting significantly affect the number of sprouts per cut stump （coppice density） and mean sprout height （shoot vigour） and （2） higher coppice density reduces shoot vigour due to competition among coppice shoots in a given stump. In an inventory in areas that were harvested for charcoal production by the local people, 369 stumps of 11 species were recorded with mean coppice stumps ranged from 6 to 84. The mean coppice density ranged from 5 to 8 shoots per stump while the mean height of coppice shoots ranged from 46 to 118 cm with marked interspecific variations. Stump size was signifi- cantly and positively correlated with coppice density for some of the species, but not with shoot vigour for the majority of the species. However, shoot vigour was significantly positively correlated to time since cutting of trees for nearly half of the species. Coppice density had a significant negative correlation with shoot vigour for two species, and a positive correlation for one species. In conclusion, the results provide evidence about the importance of coppice management as a win-win strategy for sustaining charcoal-based rural livelihoods and recovering the miombo woodland ecosystem.

Properties of Bamboo Charcoal and Cement-based Composite Materials and Their Microstructure

The objective of this work was to study the properties of bamboo charcoal and cement-based composite materials and their microstructure. The pastes with various bamboo charcoals were prepared and the relative properties such as setting times and strength were tested and the microstructures and pore characteristics of pastes with various bamboos were also studied. The experimental results indicated that bamboo charcoal affects the setting times of cement paste, but the introduction of water reducer relieves this condition. Bamboo charcoal also poses an impact on the hardened paste strength. The prominent strength decrease is found when more and larger size bamboo charcoal is mixed into the cement paste. Bamboo charcoal alters the paste microstructure and increases the porosity and pore volume, but it increases the pores with the diameter of less than 50 μm. The pastes with various bamboo charcoals are given with the good functions such as adjusting humidity and adsorption.

Adsorption of ruthenium ions on activated charcoal: influence of temperature on the kinetics of the adsorption process

Influence of temperature on ruthenium adsorption on activated charcoal from 3 mol/L HNO3 solutions was inves- tigated in the temperature range of 288 K to 308 K. It was observed that the rise in temperature increases the adsorption of ru- thenium ions on activated charcoal and follows the kinetics of first order rate law with rate constant values 0.0564?0.0640 min?1 in the temperature range of 288 K to 308 K respectively. The activation energy for the adsorption process was found to be 1.3806 kJ/mol. Various thermodynamics quantities namely ?H, ?S and ?G were computed from the equilibrium constant KC values. The results indicated a positive heat of adsorption, a positive ?S and a negative ?G.

The Effect of Plant Growth Regulator and Active Charcoal on the Development of Microtubers of Potatoes

With the detoxicated seedling of a potato cultivation breed named “Mire” as the material, the effect of auxins CCC, 6-BA, and active carbon to microtubers of potato (Solanum tubersum L.) was investigated under the in-vitro circumstances. The result indicated the exogenous auxins improved the production and quality of microtubers of potatoes. The effect of induction can be described as CCC > CCC + 6-BA > 6-BA > CK, the number of microtubers in per flask is 8.17 > 7.67 > 7.29 > 5.46, and the number of large potatoes in per flask is 6.33 > 5.17 > 3.17 > 1. In addition, by adding 0.5‰ of active charcoal, the growth period was shortened from 25.0 days to 9.33 days on average, and the amount of larger potatoes increased 8.54%. These results benefited the growth of microtubers of potato.

Soybean Seed Phenolics, Sugars, and Minerals Are Altered by Charcoal Rot Infection in MG III Soybean Cultivars

Soybean seed is a major source of phytochemical compounds that impact human health nutrition and livestock meal. Charcoal rot is a disease caused by the fungus Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid, and thought to infect the plants through roots by a toxin-mediated mechanism, resulting in yield loss and poor seed quality, especially under drought conditions. Limited information is available on the effect of charcoal rot on seed phytochemical compounds and mineral nutrition in soybean. Therefore, the objective of this research was to investigate the effect of charcoal rot infection on seed phenol, seed coat lignin, isoflavones, and minerals using susceptible (S) (DK 3964) and moderately resistant (MR) (AG 3905) maturity group (MG)III soybean cultivars to charcoal rot. A two-year field experiment was conducted, and infested soil with charcoal rot (infested soil conditions, INF) or control (non-infested soil conditions, NINF) was used. The results showed that the moderately resistant genotype had higher concentrations of seed phenolics, total isoflavones, and seed coat lignin under infested and non-infested conditions and under irrigated or non-irrigated conditions compared with the susceptible genotype. The same general trend was found for seed K, Ca, P, Mn, Zn, B, and Cu concentrations in the moderately resistant genotype compared with the susceptible genotype. Our research demonstrated that these seed phytochemical constituents may explain the differences between susceptible and moderately resistant cultivars and may play an important role in the resistance to charcoal rot.