This study aims at developing an optimization framework for electric vehicle charging by considering different trade-offs between battery degradation and charging time.For the first time,the application of practical l...This study aims at developing an optimization framework for electric vehicle charging by considering different trade-offs between battery degradation and charging time.For the first time,the application of practical limitations on charging and cooling power is considered along with more detailed health models.Lithium iron phosphate battery is used as a case study to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed optimization framework.A coupled electro-thermal equivalent circuit model is used along with two battery health models to mathematically obtain optimal charging current profiles by considering stress factors of state-of-charge,charging rate,temperature and time.The optimization results demonstrate an improvement over the benchmark constant current–constant voltage(CCCV)charging protocol when considering both the charging time and battery health.A main difference between the optimal and the CCCV charging protocols is found to be an additional ability to apply constraints and adapt to initial conditions in the proposed optimal charging protocol.In a case study,for example,the‘optimal time’charging is found to take 12 min while the‘optimal health’charging profile suggests around 100 min for charging the battery from 25 to 75%state-of-charge.Any other trade-off between those two extreme cases is achievable using the proposed charging protocol as well.展开更多
A novel method to calculate fuel-electric conversion factor for full hybrid electric vehicle(HEV)equipped with continuously variable transmission(CVT)is proposed.Based on consideration of the efficiency of pivotal...A novel method to calculate fuel-electric conversion factor for full hybrid electric vehicle(HEV)equipped with continuously variable transmission(CVT)is proposed.Based on consideration of the efficiency of pivotal components,electric motor,system efficiency optimization models are developed.According to the target of instantaneous optimization of system efficiency,operating ranges of each mode of power-train are determined,and the corresponding energy management strategies are established.The simulation results demonstrate that the energy management strategy proposed can substantially improve the vehicle fuel economy,and keep battery state of charge(SOC)change in a reasonable variation range.展开更多
We propose and demonstrate free-space optical data links based on coaxial sidelobe-modified optical vortices(CSMOVs). In contrast to the optical communication systems based on amplitude, frequency, or phase detectio...We propose and demonstrate free-space optical data links based on coaxial sidelobe-modified optical vortices(CSMOVs). In contrast to the optical communication systems based on amplitude, frequency, or phase detection, the proposed scheme uses the radii ratio between the principle ring and the first sidelobe of the CSMOV.Therefore, the demand of stringent alignment and/or accurate phase matching is released. We design and optimize a composite computer-generated hologram to generate a CSMOV with four topological charges(TCs).Extracted from the images captured by a CCD camera, the radii ratio between the principle ring and the first sidelobe of different TCs are consistent with the theoretical values.展开更多
文摘This study aims at developing an optimization framework for electric vehicle charging by considering different trade-offs between battery degradation and charging time.For the first time,the application of practical limitations on charging and cooling power is considered along with more detailed health models.Lithium iron phosphate battery is used as a case study to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed optimization framework.A coupled electro-thermal equivalent circuit model is used along with two battery health models to mathematically obtain optimal charging current profiles by considering stress factors of state-of-charge,charging rate,temperature and time.The optimization results demonstrate an improvement over the benchmark constant current–constant voltage(CCCV)charging protocol when considering both the charging time and battery health.A main difference between the optimal and the CCCV charging protocols is found to be an additional ability to apply constraints and adapt to initial conditions in the proposed optimal charging protocol.In a case study,for example,the‘optimal time’charging is found to take 12 min while the‘optimal health’charging profile suggests around 100 min for charging the battery from 25 to 75%state-of-charge.Any other trade-off between those two extreme cases is achievable using the proposed charging protocol as well.
基金Supported by the National Science and Technology Support Program(2013BAG12B01)Foundational and Advanced Research Program General Project of Chongqing City(cstc2013jcyjjq60002)
文摘A novel method to calculate fuel-electric conversion factor for full hybrid electric vehicle(HEV)equipped with continuously variable transmission(CVT)is proposed.Based on consideration of the efficiency of pivotal components,electric motor,system efficiency optimization models are developed.According to the target of instantaneous optimization of system efficiency,operating ranges of each mode of power-train are determined,and the corresponding energy management strategies are established.The simulation results demonstrate that the energy management strategy proposed can substantially improve the vehicle fuel economy,and keep battery state of charge(SOC)change in a reasonable variation range.
基金partially supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (Nos. 61138003, 61427819, and 61405121)the Natural Science Foundation of SZU (No. 201454)the startup funding of SZU (Nos. 000011, 000075)
文摘We propose and demonstrate free-space optical data links based on coaxial sidelobe-modified optical vortices(CSMOVs). In contrast to the optical communication systems based on amplitude, frequency, or phase detection, the proposed scheme uses the radii ratio between the principle ring and the first sidelobe of the CSMOV.Therefore, the demand of stringent alignment and/or accurate phase matching is released. We design and optimize a composite computer-generated hologram to generate a CSMOV with four topological charges(TCs).Extracted from the images captured by a CCD camera, the radii ratio between the principle ring and the first sidelobe of different TCs are consistent with the theoretical values.