This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of increased atmospheric temperature and CO2 concentration during crop growth on the chemical composition and in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics of whe...This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of increased atmospheric temperature and CO2 concentration during crop growth on the chemical composition and in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics of wheat straw. The field experiment was carried out from November 2012 to June 2013 at Changshu （31°32′93″N, 120°41′88″E） agro-ecological experimental station. A total of three treatments were set. The concentration of CO2 was increased to 500 pmol/mol in the first treatment （CO2 group）. The temperature was increased by 2℃ in the second treatment （TEM group） and the concentration of CO2 and temperature were both increased in the third treatment （CO2 ＋ TEM group）. The mean temperature and concentration of CO2 in control group were 10.5 ℃ and 413μmol/mol. At harvesting, the wheat straws were collected and analyzed for chemical composition and in vitro digestibility. Results showed that dry matter was significantly increased in all three treatments. Ether extracts and neutral detergent fiber were significantly increased in TEM and CO2 ＋ TEM groups. Crude protein was significantly decreased in CO2＋TEM group. In vitro digestibility analysis of wheat straw revealed that gas production was significantly decreased in CO2 and CO2 ＋ TEM groups. Methane production was significantly decreased in TEM and CO2 ＋ TEM groups. Ammonia nitrogen and microbial crude protein were significantly decreased in all three treatments. Total volatile fatty acids were significantly decreased in CO2 and CO2 ＋ TEM groups. In conclusion, the chemical composition of the wheat straw was affected by temperature and CO2 and the in vitro digestibility of wheat straw was reduced, especially in the combined treatment of temperature and CO2.展开更多
Chemical compositions during different growing periods, preference and in vitro digestibility at the post-fruiting period of five psammophyte shrubs, which include Caragana intermedia, Caragana korshinskii, Hedysarum ...Chemical compositions during different growing periods, preference and in vitro digestibility at the post-fruiting period of five psammophyte shrubs, which include Caragana intermedia, Caragana korshinskii, Hedysarum scoparium, Hedysarum laeve, Salix psammophylla were determined. The nutritive values were synthetically evaluated in terms of chemical composition, preference and in vitro digestibility through fuzzy multifactorial model. The crude protein (CP) concentrations of the five shrubs had the tendency to decrease with growing stage, the peak values of C. intermedia, C. korshinskii and S. psammophylla appeared at blooming period and those of H. scoparium and H. laeve appeared at vegetative period. The neutral-detergent fiber (NDF), acid-detergent fiber (ADF) and lignin concentrations of C. intermedia, C. korshinskii and S. psammophylla were all decreased before post-fruiting period and then increased significantly;while the variation tendency of those of H. scoparium and H. leave were alike, and the lowest NDF, ADF and lignin concentrations were at vegetative period or post-fruiting period. The five shrubs can be used as feedstuffs, the synthetical nutritive value at the post-fruiting period were high in order of C. intermedia, H. scoparium, H. laeve, C. korshinskii and S. psammophylla. Considering the characteristics of growth and nutritive value, the optimum time to use these shrubs as feedstuffs is the post-fruiting period in autumn. Among the five shrubs, C. intermedia is the best as feed-stuff for raising the production of livestock.展开更多
目的:建立超高效液相色谱-串联四极杆飞行时间质谱法(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS)检测消癌解毒方水提液中黄酮类成分的方法,同时研究大鼠灌胃给予消癌解毒方水提液后黄酮类成分在体内的分布情况。方法:采用Agilent C 18(100 mm×2.1 mm,1.8μm)...目的:建立超高效液相色谱-串联四极杆飞行时间质谱法(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS)检测消癌解毒方水提液中黄酮类成分的方法,同时研究大鼠灌胃给予消癌解毒方水提液后黄酮类成分在体内的分布情况。方法:采用Agilent C 18(100 mm×2.1 mm,1.8μm)反相色谱柱对各待测物进行分离,以乙腈-0.1%甲酸水溶液为流动相梯度洗脱,应用电喷雾离子源(ESI),在正、负离子模式下采集数据。结果:从消癌解毒方水提液中共鉴定出23个黄酮类化学成分;大鼠经灌胃给予消癌解毒方水提液后,6-甲氧基柚皮素(13)、柚皮素(14)、4′-羟基汉黄芩素(15)、芹菜素(16)、汉黄芩素(19)在多个生物样品中被检测发现,其中在肠、脑、胃、粪便样品中分别检测出6、6、12、10个黄酮类成分。结论:建立的方法可快速分析鉴定出消癌解毒方水提液中及给药后大鼠有关部位中黄酮类成分,为进一步阐释复方中特征化学成分及其在体内的变化分布规律提供参考。展开更多
基金supported by the Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest in China(No.200903003)
文摘This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of increased atmospheric temperature and CO2 concentration during crop growth on the chemical composition and in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics of wheat straw. The field experiment was carried out from November 2012 to June 2013 at Changshu （31°32′93″N, 120°41′88″E） agro-ecological experimental station. A total of three treatments were set. The concentration of CO2 was increased to 500 pmol/mol in the first treatment （CO2 group）. The temperature was increased by 2℃ in the second treatment （TEM group） and the concentration of CO2 and temperature were both increased in the third treatment （CO2 ＋ TEM group）. The mean temperature and concentration of CO2 in control group were 10.5 ℃ and 413μmol/mol. At harvesting, the wheat straws were collected and analyzed for chemical composition and in vitro digestibility. Results showed that dry matter was significantly increased in all three treatments. Ether extracts and neutral detergent fiber were significantly increased in TEM and CO2 ＋ TEM groups. Crude protein was significantly decreased in CO2＋TEM group. In vitro digestibility analysis of wheat straw revealed that gas production was significantly decreased in CO2 and CO2 ＋ TEM groups. Methane production was significantly decreased in TEM and CO2 ＋ TEM groups. Ammonia nitrogen and microbial crude protein were significantly decreased in all three treatments. Total volatile fatty acids were significantly decreased in CO2 and CO2 ＋ TEM groups. In conclusion, the chemical composition of the wheat straw was affected by temperature and CO2 and the in vitro digestibility of wheat straw was reduced, especially in the combined treatment of temperature and CO2.
文摘Chemical compositions during different growing periods, preference and in vitro digestibility at the post-fruiting period of five psammophyte shrubs, which include Caragana intermedia, Caragana korshinskii, Hedysarum scoparium, Hedysarum laeve, Salix psammophylla were determined. The nutritive values were synthetically evaluated in terms of chemical composition, preference and in vitro digestibility through fuzzy multifactorial model. The crude protein (CP) concentrations of the five shrubs had the tendency to decrease with growing stage, the peak values of C. intermedia, C. korshinskii and S. psammophylla appeared at blooming period and those of H. scoparium and H. laeve appeared at vegetative period. The neutral-detergent fiber (NDF), acid-detergent fiber (ADF) and lignin concentrations of C. intermedia, C. korshinskii and S. psammophylla were all decreased before post-fruiting period and then increased significantly;while the variation tendency of those of H. scoparium and H. leave were alike, and the lowest NDF, ADF and lignin concentrations were at vegetative period or post-fruiting period. The five shrubs can be used as feedstuffs, the synthetical nutritive value at the post-fruiting period were high in order of C. intermedia, H. scoparium, H. laeve, C. korshinskii and S. psammophylla. Considering the characteristics of growth and nutritive value, the optimum time to use these shrubs as feedstuffs is the post-fruiting period in autumn. Among the five shrubs, C. intermedia is the best as feed-stuff for raising the production of livestock.
文摘目的:建立超高效液相色谱-串联四极杆飞行时间质谱法(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS)检测消癌解毒方水提液中黄酮类成分的方法,同时研究大鼠灌胃给予消癌解毒方水提液后黄酮类成分在体内的分布情况。方法:采用Agilent C 18(100 mm×2.1 mm,1.8μm)反相色谱柱对各待测物进行分离,以乙腈-0.1%甲酸水溶液为流动相梯度洗脱,应用电喷雾离子源(ESI),在正、负离子模式下采集数据。结果:从消癌解毒方水提液中共鉴定出23个黄酮类化学成分;大鼠经灌胃给予消癌解毒方水提液后,6-甲氧基柚皮素(13)、柚皮素(14)、4′-羟基汉黄芩素(15)、芹菜素(16)、汉黄芩素(19)在多个生物样品中被检测发现,其中在肠、脑、胃、粪便样品中分别检测出6、6、12、10个黄酮类成分。结论:建立的方法可快速分析鉴定出消癌解毒方水提液中及给药后大鼠有关部位中黄酮类成分,为进一步阐释复方中特征化学成分及其在体内的变化分布规律提供参考。
