Chemomechanics of materials is an exciting and fast growing field where mechanics meets chemistry. This perspective presents a brief overview of recent advance in the study of materials chemomechanics. We identify cha...Chemomechanics of materials is an exciting and fast growing field where mechanics meets chemistry. This perspective presents a brief overview of recent advance in the study of materials chemomechanics. We identify challenges and opportunities for tackling the long-standing and emerging problems for the field.展开更多
Materials chemomechanics is an exciting and fast growing field where mechanics meets chemistry, and has drawn increasing attention in recent years. It is concerned with the phenomena and mechanisms of coupled chemical...Materials chemomechanics is an exciting and fast growing field where mechanics meets chemistry, and has drawn increasing attention in recent years. It is concerned with the phenomena and mechanisms of coupled chemical and mechanical interactions. Chemomechanical coupling phenomena exist in many research areas, ranging from the development of advanced batteries, biomechanical engineering, hydrogen embrittlement, and high temperature oxidation. In fact, a typical chemomechanical problem usually involves the processes of diffusion, chemical reaction, deformation and stress generation. Such a strong coupling between chemistry and mechanics can give rise to the complex spatial-temporal evolution of composition, microstructure and morphology in materials.展开更多
The biomolecular motor kinesin uses chemical energy released from a fuel reaction to generate di- rectional movement and produce mechanical work. The underlying physical mechanism is not fully understood yet. To analy...The biomolecular motor kinesin uses chemical energy released from a fuel reaction to generate di- rectional movement and produce mechanical work. The underlying physical mechanism is not fully understood yet. To analyze the energetics of the motor, we reconceptualize its chemomechanical cy- cle in terms of separate fuel reaction and work production processes and introduce a thermodynamic constraint to optimize the cycle. The model predicts that the load dependences of the motor＇s veloc- ity, stepping ratio, and dwell time are determined by the mechanical parameters of the motor-track system rather than the fuel reaction rate. This behavior is verified using reported experimental data from wild-type and elongated kinesins. The fuel reaction and work production processes indicate that kinesin is driven by switching between two chemical states, probably following a general pattern for molecular motors. The comparison with experimental data indicates that the fuel reaction processes are close to adiabatic, which is important for efficient operation of the motor. The model also suggests that a soft, short neck linker is important for the motor to maintain its load transport velocity.展开更多
文摘Chemomechanics of materials is an exciting and fast growing field where mechanics meets chemistry. This perspective presents a brief overview of recent advance in the study of materials chemomechanics. We identify challenges and opportunities for tackling the long-standing and emerging problems for the field.
文摘Materials chemomechanics is an exciting and fast growing field where mechanics meets chemistry, and has drawn increasing attention in recent years. It is concerned with the phenomena and mechanisms of coupled chemical and mechanical interactions. Chemomechanical coupling phenomena exist in many research areas, ranging from the development of advanced batteries, biomechanical engineering, hydrogen embrittlement, and high temperature oxidation. In fact, a typical chemomechanical problem usually involves the processes of diffusion, chemical reaction, deformation and stress generation. Such a strong coupling between chemistry and mechanics can give rise to the complex spatial-temporal evolution of composition, microstructure and morphology in materials.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Crant No. 11774284 （to H. R. Li） and Grant No. 11534008.
文摘The biomolecular motor kinesin uses chemical energy released from a fuel reaction to generate di- rectional movement and produce mechanical work. The underlying physical mechanism is not fully understood yet. To analyze the energetics of the motor, we reconceptualize its chemomechanical cy- cle in terms of separate fuel reaction and work production processes and introduce a thermodynamic constraint to optimize the cycle. The model predicts that the load dependences of the motor＇s veloc- ity, stepping ratio, and dwell time are determined by the mechanical parameters of the motor-track system rather than the fuel reaction rate. This behavior is verified using reported experimental data from wild-type and elongated kinesins. The fuel reaction and work production processes indicate that kinesin is driven by switching between two chemical states, probably following a general pattern for molecular motors. The comparison with experimental data indicates that the fuel reaction processes are close to adiabatic, which is important for efficient operation of the motor. The model also suggests that a soft, short neck linker is important for the motor to maintain its load transport velocity.
