BACKGROUND Lipid metabolism reprogramming is suspected to exist in pre-cancerous lesions,including colorectal adenoma.Screening colonoscopy frequently reveals chicken skin mucosa(CSM;white or yellow-white speckled muc...BACKGROUND Lipid metabolism reprogramming is suspected to exist in pre-cancerous lesions,including colorectal adenoma.Screening colonoscopy frequently reveals chicken skin mucosa(CSM;white or yellow-white speckled mucosa)surrounding colo-rectal polyps,caused by macrophages engulfing and accumulating the lipids decomposed by colon cells or adjacent tumors.CSM-positive colorectal polyps are associated with various diseases;however,their prognosis varies greatly.Cold snare polypectomy is commonly used to resect lesions up to 10 to 15 mm in diameter without signs of submucosal invasion but is controversial for CSM-positive colorectal polyps.Improved imaging is required to diagnose and treat CSM-positive colorectal polyps.METHODS This retrospective cohort study included 177 patients with CSM-positive colorectal polyps diagnosed using endoscopy.All patient-related information was extracted from the Goldisc soft-clinic DICOM system or electronic medical record system.Based on the pathological results,patients were classified as non-neoplastic polyps(five juvenile polyps),neoplastic polyps,non-invasive high-grade neoplasia(NHGN),or submucosal invasive carcinoma(SM stage cancer).We analyzed and compared the clinical features,suspected risk factors for malignant transformation of neoplastic polyps,and early infiltration of sub-mucosal carcinoma.RESULTS The diameters of NHGN and SM polyps were much smaller than those of neoplastic polyps.Most NHGN polyps had a deeper red mucosal color.On logistic regression analyses,diameter and deeper red mucosal color were independent risk factors for malignant transformation of neoplastic polyps.Type 1 CSM was more common in high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia and SM;type 2 CSM was more common in neoplastic polyps.Logistic regression analyses revealed no significant differences in the malignant transformation of neoplastic polyps or early submucosal invasion of CSM-positive colorectal cancer.Changes in the CSM mucosa surrounding neoplastic polyps and submucosal invasion of colorectal cancer disappeared within 12 months.No tumor recurrence was found during either partial or complete endoscopic resection of the CSM.CONCLUSION CSM-positive colorectal polyps>1 cm in diameter or with deeper red mucosa may be related to NHGN.Resection of CSM surrounding colorectal adenomas did not affect tumor recurrence.展开更多
BACKGROUND Chicken skin mucosa(CSM)surrounding colon polyps is a common endoscopic finding with pale yellow-speckled mucosa during a colonoscopy screening.Although reports about CSM surrounding small colorectal cancer...BACKGROUND Chicken skin mucosa(CSM)surrounding colon polyps is a common endoscopic finding with pale yellow-speckled mucosa during a colonoscopy screening.Although reports about CSM surrounding small colorectal cancer are scarce,and its clinical significance in intramucosal and submucosal cancers is unclear,previous studies have suggested it could be an endoscopic predictive marker for colonic neoplastic and advanced polyps.Currently,because of the inaccurate preoperative evaluation by endoscopists,many small colorectal cancers,particularly lesions with a diameter<2 cm,are improperly treated.Therefore,more effective methods are required to better assess the depth of the lesion before treatment.AIM To explore potential markers of small colorectal cancer early invasion under white light endoscopy,providing patients with better treatment alternatives.METHODS This retrospective cross-sectional study included 198 consecutive patients[233 early colorectal cancers(ECCs)]who underwent endoscopy or surgical procedures at the Digestive Endoscopy Center of Chengdu Second People’s Hospital between January 2021 and August 2022.The participants had pathologically confirmed colorectal cancer with a lesion diameter<2 cm and received endoscopic or surgical treatment,including endoscopic mucosal resection and submucosal dissection.Clinical pathology and endoscopy parameters,including tumor size,invasion depth,anatomical position,and morphology,were reviewed.Fisher’s exact test,theχ2 test,and Student’s t-test were used to analyze the patient’s basic characteristics.Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the relationship between morphological characteristics,size,CSM prevalence,and ECC invasion depth under white light endoscopy.Statistical significance was set at P<0.05.RESULTS The submucosal carcinoma(SM stage)was larger than the mucosal carcinoma(M stage)with a significant difference(17.2±4.1 vs 13.4±4.6 mm,P<0.01).M-and SM-stage cancers were common in the left colon;however,no significant differences were found between them(151/196,77%and 32/37,86.5%,respectively,P=0.199).The endoscopic features of colorectal cancer revealed that CSM,depressed areas with clear boundaries,and erosion or ulcer bleeding were more common in the SM-stage cancer group than in the M-stage cancer group(59.5%vs 26.2%,46%vs 8.7%,and 27.3%vs 4.1%,respectively,P<0.05).CSM prevalence in this study was 31.3%(73/233).The positive rates of CSM in flat,protruded,and sessile lesions were 18%(11/61),30.6%(30/98),and 43.2%(32/74),respectively,with significant differences(P=0.007).CONCLUSION CSM-related small colorectal cancer was primarily located in the left colon and could be a predictive marker of submucosal invasion in the left colon.展开更多
In this study, histological characteristics of the skin of adult lsa laying hens were observed. The results show that chicken skin is composed of epider- mis, dermis and hypodermis. The epidermis of chicken skin is th...In this study, histological characteristics of the skin of adult lsa laying hens were observed. The results show that chicken skin is composed of epider- mis, dermis and hypodermis. The epidermis of chicken skin is thin, consisting of basal cells, spiny cells, transitional cells and horny cells. Specifically, there are few spiny cells scattered between the stratum basale and the transitional layer, without forming a layer; only 1 -2 layers of cells can be observed in the transitional layer. The derails is divided into superficial dermis and deep derufis. Moreover, deep dermis consists of dermal dense layer, dermal loose layer and elastic fibrous layer. There is no smooth muscle in pteryla within the dermal dense layer. The loose layer of deep dermis is developed, which is much much thicker than the dense layer. This study laid the foundation for in-depth investigation of the histological structure of poultry skin.展开更多
Poultry meat production steadily increases and its by-products including legs or skins may be further utilized to prepare gelatine,generally by using alkali or acid substances.Since they are toxic,different methods ar...Poultry meat production steadily increases and its by-products including legs or skins may be further utilized to prepare gelatine,generally by using alkali or acid substances.Since they are toxic,different methods are desirable,e.g.applying proteolytic enzymes.Using enzymes is beneficial as they shorten processing time and reduce the required water amount.Processing conditions(the enzyme amount during the pre-treatment,first and second extraction temperature and time)of the process may influence gelatine quality and its yield.In this study,gelatines were prepared from chicken skin at different conditions in the series of combined factorial design of experiments.The significance of the influence of the conditions on the quality(gel strength,viscosity,melting and gelling point)and yield of chicken skin gelatine(CSG)was observed.The highest yield(31.5%)was obtained at the conditions of the enzyme amount of 0.8%,first extraction temperature 80℃ and time 30 min,second extraction temperature 90℃ and time 60 min.Furthermore,the highest CSG quality of gel strength(190 Bloom),viscosity(4.06 mPas),melting point(38.3℃)and gelling point(20.5℃)was obtained at the conditions of 0.2%/50℃/30 min in the first extraction.展开更多
旨在通过对崇仁麻鸡背部皮肤毛囊组织的转录组学分析,筛选关键的差异表达基因和信号通路,探讨鸡皮肤毛囊性状的分子调控机制。采用TRIzol法提取皮肤毛囊组织总RNA,通过Illumina平台进行转录组高通量测序(RNA-Seq)。最后采用实时荧光定...旨在通过对崇仁麻鸡背部皮肤毛囊组织的转录组学分析,筛选关键的差异表达基因和信号通路,探讨鸡皮肤毛囊性状的分子调控机制。采用TRIzol法提取皮肤毛囊组织总RNA,通过Illumina平台进行转录组高通量测序(RNA-Seq)。最后采用实时荧光定量的方法对转录组测序进行验证。研究结果如下:共筛选出了3856个差异表达基因,在公鸡(BGB vs YGB)比较组合中筛选出了971个差异表达基因,其中274个表达上调,697个表达下调。在母鸡(BMB vs YMB)比较组合中筛选出了3529个差异表达基因,其中1477个上调,2052个下调。在公鸡、母鸡共同的差异表达基因中筛选出了3个与皮肤毛囊性状有关的高表达基因KRT75、KRT6A和KRT14。在GO功能显著富集中,BGB vs YGB比较组合富集到了516个GO term,BMB vs YMB比较组合富集到了1020个GO term,基因主要集中参与细胞黏附等活动。显著富集了多条KEGG通路,在BGB vs YGB比较组合中富集了8条显著的KEGG通路,在BMB vs YMB比较组合中富集了20条显著的KEGG通路,筛选出了3条关键通路Wnt信号传导途径、神经活性配体-受体调控通路和TGF-β调控通路。荧光定量结果显示,随机选取的5个差异基因在皮肤毛囊中的表达与RNA-Seq走向趋势一致。综上所述,筛选的KRT75、KRT6A、KRT14基因可能影响鸡皮肤毛囊性状;神经活性配体-受体调控通路、Wnt信号通路和TGF-β信号通路均是调控鸡皮肤毛囊性状的重要通路。展开更多
本试验旨在研究小麦-豆粕型饲粮中添加不同水平金菊黄和一品红对黄羽肉鸡生长性能,背部皮肤、腹部皮肤、胫脚和腹脂颜色以及色素沉积基因表达的影响,为天然类胡萝卜素在肉鸡上的应用提供参考。选取540只健康状况良好且体重相近的1日龄...本试验旨在研究小麦-豆粕型饲粮中添加不同水平金菊黄和一品红对黄羽肉鸡生长性能,背部皮肤、腹部皮肤、胫脚和腹脂颜色以及色素沉积基因表达的影响,为天然类胡萝卜素在肉鸡上的应用提供参考。选取540只健康状况良好且体重相近的1日龄麻黄肉公鸡,随机分为3组,每组6个重复,每个重复30只鸡。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,色素1组在基础饲粮中添加1000 mg/kg金菊黄和1000 mg/kg一品红,色素2组在基础饲粮中添加2000 mg/kg金菊黄和2000 mg/kg一品红。试验期48 d。结果表明:1)色素1组48日龄体重以及22~48日龄和1~48日龄平均日增重均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),色素1、2组22~48日龄和1~48日龄料重比显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。2)对于背部皮肤,与对照组相比,色素2组21日龄亮度(L^(∗))值显著降低(P<0.05),色素1、2组屠宰后45 min L^(∗)值显著降低(P<0.05);色素2组35日龄红度(a^(∗))值显著升高(P<0.05),色素1、2组屠宰后45 min和48 h a^(∗)值均显著升高(P<0.05);色素1、2组21、35、48日龄以及屠宰后45 min和48 h黄度(b^(∗))值均显著升高(P<0.05),且色素2组21、35和48日龄b^(∗)值显著高于色素1组(P<0.05)。3)对于腹部皮肤,与对照组相比,色素2组屠宰后45 min和48 h L^(∗)值显著降低(P<0.05);色素1、2组21日龄、48日龄以及屠宰后45 min和48 h a^(∗)值显著升高(P<0.05),且色素2组21日龄a^(∗)值显著高于色素1组(P<0.05);色素1、2组21、35、48日龄以及屠宰后45 min和48 h b^(∗)值均显著升高(P<0.05),且色素2组21日龄和屠宰后48 h b^(∗)值显著高于色素1组(P<0.05)。4)对于胫脚,与对照组相比,色素1、2组35日龄L^(∗)值显著降低(P<0.05);色素1、2组21、35和48日龄a^(∗)值显著升高(P<0.05);色素1、2组21、35和48日龄b^(∗)值显著升高(P<0.05),且色素2组35和48日龄b^(∗)值显著高于色素1组(P<0.05)。5)对于腹脂,与对照组相比,色素1、2组48日龄a^(∗)和b^(∗)值均显著升高(P<0.05),且色素2组48日龄b^(∗)值显著高于色素1组(P<0.05)。6)与对照组相比,色素1、2组皮肤、肝脏和肾脏中β-胡萝卜素-9′,10′-加氧酶(BCO2)基因表达量均显著升高(P<0.05)。综上所述,小麦-豆粕型饲粮中添加金菊黄和一品红可改善肉鸡生长性能以及不同阶段皮肤和腹脂着色效果,同时影响色素沉积基因表达,且低添加水平(1000 mg/kg)改善生长性能效果优于高添加水平(2000 mg/kg),但高添加水平着色效果优于低添加水平。展开更多
基金the Science and Technology Plan Project of Chengdu Municipal Health Commission,No.2019007.
文摘BACKGROUND Lipid metabolism reprogramming is suspected to exist in pre-cancerous lesions,including colorectal adenoma.Screening colonoscopy frequently reveals chicken skin mucosa(CSM;white or yellow-white speckled mucosa)surrounding colo-rectal polyps,caused by macrophages engulfing and accumulating the lipids decomposed by colon cells or adjacent tumors.CSM-positive colorectal polyps are associated with various diseases;however,their prognosis varies greatly.Cold snare polypectomy is commonly used to resect lesions up to 10 to 15 mm in diameter without signs of submucosal invasion but is controversial for CSM-positive colorectal polyps.Improved imaging is required to diagnose and treat CSM-positive colorectal polyps.METHODS This retrospective cohort study included 177 patients with CSM-positive colorectal polyps diagnosed using endoscopy.All patient-related information was extracted from the Goldisc soft-clinic DICOM system or electronic medical record system.Based on the pathological results,patients were classified as non-neoplastic polyps(five juvenile polyps),neoplastic polyps,non-invasive high-grade neoplasia(NHGN),or submucosal invasive carcinoma(SM stage cancer).We analyzed and compared the clinical features,suspected risk factors for malignant transformation of neoplastic polyps,and early infiltration of sub-mucosal carcinoma.RESULTS The diameters of NHGN and SM polyps were much smaller than those of neoplastic polyps.Most NHGN polyps had a deeper red mucosal color.On logistic regression analyses,diameter and deeper red mucosal color were independent risk factors for malignant transformation of neoplastic polyps.Type 1 CSM was more common in high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia and SM;type 2 CSM was more common in neoplastic polyps.Logistic regression analyses revealed no significant differences in the malignant transformation of neoplastic polyps or early submucosal invasion of CSM-positive colorectal cancer.Changes in the CSM mucosa surrounding neoplastic polyps and submucosal invasion of colorectal cancer disappeared within 12 months.No tumor recurrence was found during either partial or complete endoscopic resection of the CSM.CONCLUSION CSM-positive colorectal polyps>1 cm in diameter or with deeper red mucosa may be related to NHGN.Resection of CSM surrounding colorectal adenomas did not affect tumor recurrence.
文摘BACKGROUND Chicken skin mucosa(CSM)surrounding colon polyps is a common endoscopic finding with pale yellow-speckled mucosa during a colonoscopy screening.Although reports about CSM surrounding small colorectal cancer are scarce,and its clinical significance in intramucosal and submucosal cancers is unclear,previous studies have suggested it could be an endoscopic predictive marker for colonic neoplastic and advanced polyps.Currently,because of the inaccurate preoperative evaluation by endoscopists,many small colorectal cancers,particularly lesions with a diameter<2 cm,are improperly treated.Therefore,more effective methods are required to better assess the depth of the lesion before treatment.AIM To explore potential markers of small colorectal cancer early invasion under white light endoscopy,providing patients with better treatment alternatives.METHODS This retrospective cross-sectional study included 198 consecutive patients[233 early colorectal cancers(ECCs)]who underwent endoscopy or surgical procedures at the Digestive Endoscopy Center of Chengdu Second People’s Hospital between January 2021 and August 2022.The participants had pathologically confirmed colorectal cancer with a lesion diameter<2 cm and received endoscopic or surgical treatment,including endoscopic mucosal resection and submucosal dissection.Clinical pathology and endoscopy parameters,including tumor size,invasion depth,anatomical position,and morphology,were reviewed.Fisher’s exact test,theχ2 test,and Student’s t-test were used to analyze the patient’s basic characteristics.Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the relationship between morphological characteristics,size,CSM prevalence,and ECC invasion depth under white light endoscopy.Statistical significance was set at P<0.05.RESULTS The submucosal carcinoma(SM stage)was larger than the mucosal carcinoma(M stage)with a significant difference(17.2±4.1 vs 13.4±4.6 mm,P<0.01).M-and SM-stage cancers were common in the left colon;however,no significant differences were found between them(151/196,77%and 32/37,86.5%,respectively,P=0.199).The endoscopic features of colorectal cancer revealed that CSM,depressed areas with clear boundaries,and erosion or ulcer bleeding were more common in the SM-stage cancer group than in the M-stage cancer group(59.5%vs 26.2%,46%vs 8.7%,and 27.3%vs 4.1%,respectively,P<0.05).CSM prevalence in this study was 31.3%(73/233).The positive rates of CSM in flat,protruded,and sessile lesions were 18%(11/61),30.6%(30/98),and 43.2%(32/74),respectively,with significant differences(P=0.007).CONCLUSION CSM-related small colorectal cancer was primarily located in the left colon and could be a predictive marker of submucosal invasion in the left colon.
基金Supported by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)
文摘In this study, histological characteristics of the skin of adult lsa laying hens were observed. The results show that chicken skin is composed of epider- mis, dermis and hypodermis. The epidermis of chicken skin is thin, consisting of basal cells, spiny cells, transitional cells and horny cells. Specifically, there are few spiny cells scattered between the stratum basale and the transitional layer, without forming a layer; only 1 -2 layers of cells can be observed in the transitional layer. The derails is divided into superficial dermis and deep derufis. Moreover, deep dermis consists of dermal dense layer, dermal loose layer and elastic fibrous layer. There is no smooth muscle in pteryla within the dermal dense layer. The loose layer of deep dermis is developed, which is much much thicker than the dense layer. This study laid the foundation for in-depth investigation of the histological structure of poultry skin.
基金funded by Tomas Bata University in Zlin,(IGA/FT/2021/007).
文摘Poultry meat production steadily increases and its by-products including legs or skins may be further utilized to prepare gelatine,generally by using alkali or acid substances.Since they are toxic,different methods are desirable,e.g.applying proteolytic enzymes.Using enzymes is beneficial as they shorten processing time and reduce the required water amount.Processing conditions(the enzyme amount during the pre-treatment,first and second extraction temperature and time)of the process may influence gelatine quality and its yield.In this study,gelatines were prepared from chicken skin at different conditions in the series of combined factorial design of experiments.The significance of the influence of the conditions on the quality(gel strength,viscosity,melting and gelling point)and yield of chicken skin gelatine(CSG)was observed.The highest yield(31.5%)was obtained at the conditions of the enzyme amount of 0.8%,first extraction temperature 80℃ and time 30 min,second extraction temperature 90℃ and time 60 min.Furthermore,the highest CSG quality of gel strength(190 Bloom),viscosity(4.06 mPas),melting point(38.3℃)and gelling point(20.5℃)was obtained at the conditions of 0.2%/50℃/30 min in the first extraction.
文摘旨在通过对崇仁麻鸡背部皮肤毛囊组织的转录组学分析,筛选关键的差异表达基因和信号通路,探讨鸡皮肤毛囊性状的分子调控机制。采用TRIzol法提取皮肤毛囊组织总RNA,通过Illumina平台进行转录组高通量测序(RNA-Seq)。最后采用实时荧光定量的方法对转录组测序进行验证。研究结果如下:共筛选出了3856个差异表达基因,在公鸡(BGB vs YGB)比较组合中筛选出了971个差异表达基因,其中274个表达上调,697个表达下调。在母鸡(BMB vs YMB)比较组合中筛选出了3529个差异表达基因,其中1477个上调,2052个下调。在公鸡、母鸡共同的差异表达基因中筛选出了3个与皮肤毛囊性状有关的高表达基因KRT75、KRT6A和KRT14。在GO功能显著富集中,BGB vs YGB比较组合富集到了516个GO term,BMB vs YMB比较组合富集到了1020个GO term,基因主要集中参与细胞黏附等活动。显著富集了多条KEGG通路,在BGB vs YGB比较组合中富集了8条显著的KEGG通路,在BMB vs YMB比较组合中富集了20条显著的KEGG通路,筛选出了3条关键通路Wnt信号传导途径、神经活性配体-受体调控通路和TGF-β调控通路。荧光定量结果显示,随机选取的5个差异基因在皮肤毛囊中的表达与RNA-Seq走向趋势一致。综上所述,筛选的KRT75、KRT6A、KRT14基因可能影响鸡皮肤毛囊性状;神经活性配体-受体调控通路、Wnt信号通路和TGF-β信号通路均是调控鸡皮肤毛囊性状的重要通路。
文摘本试验旨在研究小麦-豆粕型饲粮中添加不同水平金菊黄和一品红对黄羽肉鸡生长性能,背部皮肤、腹部皮肤、胫脚和腹脂颜色以及色素沉积基因表达的影响,为天然类胡萝卜素在肉鸡上的应用提供参考。选取540只健康状况良好且体重相近的1日龄麻黄肉公鸡,随机分为3组,每组6个重复,每个重复30只鸡。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,色素1组在基础饲粮中添加1000 mg/kg金菊黄和1000 mg/kg一品红,色素2组在基础饲粮中添加2000 mg/kg金菊黄和2000 mg/kg一品红。试验期48 d。结果表明:1)色素1组48日龄体重以及22~48日龄和1~48日龄平均日增重均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),色素1、2组22~48日龄和1~48日龄料重比显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。2)对于背部皮肤,与对照组相比,色素2组21日龄亮度(L^(∗))值显著降低(P<0.05),色素1、2组屠宰后45 min L^(∗)值显著降低(P<0.05);色素2组35日龄红度(a^(∗))值显著升高(P<0.05),色素1、2组屠宰后45 min和48 h a^(∗)值均显著升高(P<0.05);色素1、2组21、35、48日龄以及屠宰后45 min和48 h黄度(b^(∗))值均显著升高(P<0.05),且色素2组21、35和48日龄b^(∗)值显著高于色素1组(P<0.05)。3)对于腹部皮肤,与对照组相比,色素2组屠宰后45 min和48 h L^(∗)值显著降低(P<0.05);色素1、2组21日龄、48日龄以及屠宰后45 min和48 h a^(∗)值显著升高(P<0.05),且色素2组21日龄a^(∗)值显著高于色素1组(P<0.05);色素1、2组21、35、48日龄以及屠宰后45 min和48 h b^(∗)值均显著升高(P<0.05),且色素2组21日龄和屠宰后48 h b^(∗)值显著高于色素1组(P<0.05)。4)对于胫脚,与对照组相比,色素1、2组35日龄L^(∗)值显著降低(P<0.05);色素1、2组21、35和48日龄a^(∗)值显著升高(P<0.05);色素1、2组21、35和48日龄b^(∗)值显著升高(P<0.05),且色素2组35和48日龄b^(∗)值显著高于色素1组(P<0.05)。5)对于腹脂,与对照组相比,色素1、2组48日龄a^(∗)和b^(∗)值均显著升高(P<0.05),且色素2组48日龄b^(∗)值显著高于色素1组(P<0.05)。6)与对照组相比,色素1、2组皮肤、肝脏和肾脏中β-胡萝卜素-9′,10′-加氧酶(BCO2)基因表达量均显著升高(P<0.05)。综上所述,小麦-豆粕型饲粮中添加金菊黄和一品红可改善肉鸡生长性能以及不同阶段皮肤和腹脂着色效果,同时影响色素沉积基因表达,且低添加水平(1000 mg/kg)改善生长性能效果优于高添加水平(2000 mg/kg),但高添加水平着色效果优于低添加水平。
