Energy-Efficient Resource Allocation for Heterogeneous Network with Grouping D2D

In this paper,a new communication model is built named grouping D2D(GD2D).Different from the traditional D2D coordination,we proposed GD2D communication in licensed and unlicensed spectrum simultaneously.We formulate a resource allocation problem,which aims at maximizing the energy efficiency(EE)of the system while guaranteeing the quality-of-service(Qos)of users.To efficiently solve this problem,the non-convex optimization problem is first transformed into a convex optimization problem.By transforming the fractional-form problem into an equivalent subtractive-form problem,an iterative power allocation algorithm is proposed to maximize the system EE.Moreover,the optimal closedform power allocation expressions are derived by the Lagrangian approach.Simulation results show that our algorithm achieves higher EE performance than the traditional D2D communication scheme.

中韩野生软枣猕猴桃种质资源遗传多样性分析

【目的】利用RAPD分子标记技术研究国内长白山地区和韩国由来野生软枣猕猴桃种质资源的遗传多样性。【方法】以长白山地区和韩国由来的28个野生软枣猕猴桃的叶片为材料,利用RAPD分子标记技术进行了遗传多样性分析,并明确了它们之间的亲缘关系。【结果】利用131个随机引物进行PCR,从中筛选出了多态性高、重复性好且扩增条带清晰的24个引物。24个引物在28个野生软枣猕猴桃中共扩增出191条带,其中多态性条带为186条,占97.4%。平均每个引物产生7.75个多态性条带。应用NTSYSpc 2.10e软件进行遗传一致度和遗传距离分析后用UPGMA方法进行聚类分析。28个野生软枣猕猴桃种质资源之间的遗传距离为0.020 2~0.934 2。遗传距离0.58时可将28个野生种划分成2大类。在遗传距离最小的0.02处,有蛟河2号和3号2个野生种,其RAPD分子标记相似性为98%。【结论】来自不同地理区域的野生软枣猕猴桃之间存在较高的遗传多样性,而在同一地理区域内遗传多样性较低。韩国野生软枣猕猴桃之间的遗传多样性较低,且与二道白河、汪清、左家等地的野生软枣猕猴桃亲缘关系较近。即具有同一地理区域聚类趋势,且不同地理区域间存在较高的遗传多样性。