Objective:The purpose of this study was to understand the health-related behaviors in children of ethnic minorities and Han nationality so as to provide a basis for formulating a health promotion plan,reasonably alloc...Objective:The purpose of this study was to understand the health-related behaviors in children of ethnic minorities and Han nationality so as to provide a basis for formulating a health promotion plan,reasonably allocating health resources,and improving health conditions of the entire population of children.Methods:The selection and processing of study subjects,as well as health-related behaviors,were based on the 2009 Chinese Health and Nutrition Survey(CHNS)data.A total of 867 children were involved in this study,including 762 Han children and 105 minority children.Comparative analysis was conducted on the reported ratio of health-related behaviors,including society and family variation,as well as dietary habit variation,and health condition scores.Results:A comparison on health-related behaviors between ethnic minority and Han children indicated the following:with respect to society and family variation,statistical significance(P<0.05)existed between the two groups in health-related behaviors influenced by parents who did or did not stay at home,level of education,and medical insurance status;and with respect to dietary habit variation,statistical significance(P<0.05)existed in the differences of dietary habits between the two groups.Moreover,differences in the weight-forage Z score(WAZ),weight-forheight Z score(WHZ),and body mass index-for-age Z score(BAZ)between the two groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Health-related behavioral norms and health conditions of ethnic minority children should be further improved.Increased health awareness of families with children and health care system development should be stressed to elevate the health level of the entire population of children in China.展开更多
目的了解内蒙古自治区结核分枝杆菌临床分离株的基因型构成,及该地区北京家族菌株的分布特征。方法从内蒙古自治区结核病防治研究所收集2011年全年临床分离的372株结核分枝杆菌菌株及其372例来源患者的背景资料,采用间隔区寡核苷酸分型(...目的了解内蒙古自治区结核分枝杆菌临床分离株的基因型构成,及该地区北京家族菌株的分布特征。方法从内蒙古自治区结核病防治研究所收集2011年全年临床分离的372株结核分枝杆菌菌株及其372例来源患者的背景资料,采用间隔区寡核苷酸分型(Spoligotyping)方法和BioNumerics 5.0软件进行基因分型分析,将372株临床菌株Spoligotyping分型结果与SpolDB 4.0数据库进行比对。另外,采用NTF及LSP对北京家族菌株进行分析。来源患者中汉族和蒙古族分别为282例及84例,其他为回族4例,维吾尔族和满族各1例,例数过少,因此仅分析主要民族与北京家族的易感性。以SPSS 13.0软件进行统计学分析,χ2检验分析不同民族与北京家族易感性。结果372株临床菌株共分为48种基因型,其中24种基因型为新的型别。85.48%(318/372)为北京家族,同时存在T家族(仅次于北京家族的主要流行基因型)占4.84%(18/372)、H家族(Haarlem)0.81%(3/372)、MANU家族(2004年最先于印度Delhi发现)0.27%(1/372)和LAM家族(Latin American and Mediter-ranean,拉丁美洲和地中海家族)0.27%(1/372)。汉族北京家族菌株占87.94%(248/282),非北京家族菌株占12.06%(34/282),蒙古族北京家族菌株79.76%(67/84),非北京家族菌株20.24%(17/84),差异无统计学意义(χ2=3.612,P=0.057)。结论内蒙古自治区结核分枝杆菌临床分离株基因具有多态性,且北京基因型为该地区主要流行株,而北京家族菌株与民族易感性间无关联。展开更多
目的：以生物电阻抗法（BIA）为效标,比较皮褶厚度法5种不同推导公式对汉族肥胖儿童少年体脂量的预测结果,探索适合检测肥胖儿童少年的体脂量评估公式。方法：将76名汉族肥胖儿童少年按性别和年龄分为4组,进行身高、体重、身体围度、皮...目的：以生物电阻抗法（BIA）为效标,比较皮褶厚度法5种不同推导公式对汉族肥胖儿童少年体脂量的预测结果,探索适合检测肥胖儿童少年的体脂量评估公式。方法：将76名汉族肥胖儿童少年按性别和年龄分为4组,进行身高、体重、身体围度、皮褶厚度及生物电阻抗法测量,分别用相关分析与Bland-Altman分析,对Lohman公式、Brozek公式、Siri公式、Slaughter公式及国内公式对体脂量的预测结果与BIA法所得体脂量的相关性及一致性进行比较。结果：1）Brozek公式和Siri公式高估了被试的体脂量,而国内公式则低估了被试的体脂量;2）13~18岁女性肥胖者中Slaughter公式对体脂百分比的预测值与BIA法最接近,且相关性最高（R=0.833）,Bland-Altman分析偏倚差最小、limits of agreement也最低;3）Lohman公式高估了7~12岁男性肥胖者的体脂量,但低估了7~12岁女性肥胖者和13~18岁男性肥胖者的体脂量,提示该方法的不稳定性。结论：Slaughter公式所测13~18岁的女性肥胖者体脂量可做出与BIA最接近的体脂间接评估。展开更多
分析藏汉儿童青少年在体质量指数(BMI)和心肺耐力上的异同点、变化规律及分布特征,探讨藏汉儿童青少年BMI与心肺耐力之间的关系。采用随机个案法抽取我国4443名7~18岁藏汉儿童青少年(汉族2400名;藏族2043名)为研究对象,对其进行身高、...分析藏汉儿童青少年在体质量指数(BMI)和心肺耐力上的异同点、变化规律及分布特征,探讨藏汉儿童青少年BMI与心肺耐力之间的关系。采用随机个案法抽取我国4443名7~18岁藏汉儿童青少年(汉族2400名;藏族2043名)为研究对象,对其进行身高、体质量和20 m往返跑(20 m SRT)的评定。运用LMS法构建藏汉儿童青少年BMI主要SD分布值和心肺耐力主要百分位分布特征;采用线性回归探讨藏汉儿童青少年BMI-Z和20 m SRT-Z分之间的关系。结果:15岁前藏族男女生在P50的20 m SRT成绩低于汉族男女生,15岁后藏族男女生在P3、P50和P97的20 m SRT成绩均高于汉族男女生;藏汉正常体质量儿童青少年的20 m SRT成绩高于超重肥胖儿童。藏汉儿童青少年BMI-Z分的范围是-3.0~8.0,除藏族男生外,其他不同BMI-Z分组20m SRT-Z的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。藏汉儿童青少年20 m SRT-Z分随BMI-Z分先升后降,BMI-Z分较高或较低时,20mSRT-Z分均较低。结论:15岁前藏族儿童心肺耐力低于汉族儿童,而15岁后高于汉族儿童。正常体质量的藏汉儿童青少年心肺耐力高于超重肥胖儿童,且藏汉儿童青少年BMI和心肺耐力之间大体呈"抛物线"变化关系。展开更多
文摘Objective:The purpose of this study was to understand the health-related behaviors in children of ethnic minorities and Han nationality so as to provide a basis for formulating a health promotion plan,reasonably allocating health resources,and improving health conditions of the entire population of children.Methods:The selection and processing of study subjects,as well as health-related behaviors,were based on the 2009 Chinese Health and Nutrition Survey(CHNS)data.A total of 867 children were involved in this study,including 762 Han children and 105 minority children.Comparative analysis was conducted on the reported ratio of health-related behaviors,including society and family variation,as well as dietary habit variation,and health condition scores.Results:A comparison on health-related behaviors between ethnic minority and Han children indicated the following:with respect to society and family variation,statistical significance(P<0.05)existed between the two groups in health-related behaviors influenced by parents who did or did not stay at home,level of education,and medical insurance status;and with respect to dietary habit variation,statistical significance(P<0.05)existed in the differences of dietary habits between the two groups.Moreover,differences in the weight-forage Z score(WAZ),weight-forheight Z score(WHZ),and body mass index-for-age Z score(BAZ)between the two groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Health-related behavioral norms and health conditions of ethnic minority children should be further improved.Increased health awareness of families with children and health care system development should be stressed to elevate the health level of the entire population of children in China.
文摘目的了解内蒙古自治区结核分枝杆菌临床分离株的基因型构成,及该地区北京家族菌株的分布特征。方法从内蒙古自治区结核病防治研究所收集2011年全年临床分离的372株结核分枝杆菌菌株及其372例来源患者的背景资料,采用间隔区寡核苷酸分型(Spoligotyping)方法和BioNumerics 5.0软件进行基因分型分析,将372株临床菌株Spoligotyping分型结果与SpolDB 4.0数据库进行比对。另外,采用NTF及LSP对北京家族菌株进行分析。来源患者中汉族和蒙古族分别为282例及84例,其他为回族4例,维吾尔族和满族各1例,例数过少,因此仅分析主要民族与北京家族的易感性。以SPSS 13.0软件进行统计学分析,χ2检验分析不同民族与北京家族易感性。结果372株临床菌株共分为48种基因型,其中24种基因型为新的型别。85.48%(318/372)为北京家族,同时存在T家族(仅次于北京家族的主要流行基因型)占4.84%(18/372)、H家族(Haarlem)0.81%(3/372)、MANU家族(2004年最先于印度Delhi发现)0.27%(1/372)和LAM家族(Latin American and Mediter-ranean,拉丁美洲和地中海家族)0.27%(1/372)。汉族北京家族菌株占87.94%(248/282),非北京家族菌株占12.06%(34/282),蒙古族北京家族菌株79.76%(67/84),非北京家族菌株20.24%(17/84),差异无统计学意义(χ2=3.612,P=0.057)。结论内蒙古自治区结核分枝杆菌临床分离株基因具有多态性,且北京基因型为该地区主要流行株,而北京家族菌株与民族易感性间无关联。
文摘目的：以生物电阻抗法（BIA）为效标,比较皮褶厚度法5种不同推导公式对汉族肥胖儿童少年体脂量的预测结果,探索适合检测肥胖儿童少年的体脂量评估公式。方法：将76名汉族肥胖儿童少年按性别和年龄分为4组,进行身高、体重、身体围度、皮褶厚度及生物电阻抗法测量,分别用相关分析与Bland-Altman分析,对Lohman公式、Brozek公式、Siri公式、Slaughter公式及国内公式对体脂量的预测结果与BIA法所得体脂量的相关性及一致性进行比较。结果：1）Brozek公式和Siri公式高估了被试的体脂量,而国内公式则低估了被试的体脂量;2）13~18岁女性肥胖者中Slaughter公式对体脂百分比的预测值与BIA法最接近,且相关性最高（R=0.833）,Bland-Altman分析偏倚差最小、limits of agreement也最低;3）Lohman公式高估了7~12岁男性肥胖者的体脂量,但低估了7~12岁女性肥胖者和13~18岁男性肥胖者的体脂量,提示该方法的不稳定性。结论：Slaughter公式所测13~18岁的女性肥胖者体脂量可做出与BIA最接近的体脂间接评估。
文摘分析藏汉儿童青少年在体质量指数(BMI)和心肺耐力上的异同点、变化规律及分布特征,探讨藏汉儿童青少年BMI与心肺耐力之间的关系。采用随机个案法抽取我国4443名7~18岁藏汉儿童青少年(汉族2400名;藏族2043名)为研究对象,对其进行身高、体质量和20 m往返跑(20 m SRT)的评定。运用LMS法构建藏汉儿童青少年BMI主要SD分布值和心肺耐力主要百分位分布特征;采用线性回归探讨藏汉儿童青少年BMI-Z和20 m SRT-Z分之间的关系。结果:15岁前藏族男女生在P50的20 m SRT成绩低于汉族男女生,15岁后藏族男女生在P3、P50和P97的20 m SRT成绩均高于汉族男女生;藏汉正常体质量儿童青少年的20 m SRT成绩高于超重肥胖儿童。藏汉儿童青少年BMI-Z分的范围是-3.0~8.0,除藏族男生外,其他不同BMI-Z分组20m SRT-Z的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。藏汉儿童青少年20 m SRT-Z分随BMI-Z分先升后降,BMI-Z分较高或较低时,20mSRT-Z分均较低。结论:15岁前藏族儿童心肺耐力低于汉族儿童,而15岁后高于汉族儿童。正常体质量的藏汉儿童青少年心肺耐力高于超重肥胖儿童,且藏汉儿童青少年BMI和心肺耐力之间大体呈"抛物线"变化关系。
