Effect of a Nutrition Education Intervention on Food Safety Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Mothers of Children under 5 Years in the Peri-Urban Areas of Bobo-Dioulasso: Before and after Study

Background: This study assessed the effect of a nutrition education intervention. This intervention aimed to improve the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of mothers on food safety in the peri-urban areas of Bobo-Dioulasso in Burkina Faso. Methods: A total of 243 mothers of children under 5 years in the peri-urban of Bobo-Dioulasso were administered the FAO questionnaire for food safety knowledge, attitudes, and practices assessment during two cross-sectional surveys, before and after the intervention, in January and October 2017. The intervention included two components consisting of a theoretical phase (counselling and discussion) and cooking demonstrations implemented for ten months. To account for the before-and-after design of the study, the McNemar’s test was used to assess the effect of the intervention on food safety KAP of mothers of children under 5 years. Results: The mean age of mothers was 29 ± 6.2 years and 50.6% of them were between 20 and 29 years old. One for knowledge (cooking thoroughly with, p-value = 0.0001) and another for attitudes (perceived benefits of reheating leftovers before eating them, p-value = 0.0001), significantly increased after the intervention. In terms of food safety practices, all the indicators (cleaning of dirty surfaces, plates and utensils and storage of perishable foods) significantly increased (all p = 0.0001 Conclusion: This study provided some evidence of an effective nutrition education intervention for improving maternal KAP on food safety for their child’s feeding.

Emergency Obstetric Care in Parakou: Availability in Maternity Hospitals, Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Providers

Objective: To evaluate the availability of emergency obstetric care (EmOC) in maternity hospitals in Parakou as well as the knowledge, attitudes and practices of EmOC providers in 2017. Material and method: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional analytical study conducted in the maternity wards of public and private health facilities in Parakou and the health care providers of the maternity wards. Epi Data software version 3.1, Epi Info version 7.2 and EXCEL 2007 were used for data processing. Results: A total of 17 maternity homes and 91 providers participated in the study. All 7 basic functions (BEmOC) were available in 23.53% of these maternities. Providers’ knowledge of EmOC was good at 6.59%, average at 15.38%, insufficient at 24.18% and bad at 53.85%. As for the attitudes, they were just in 3.30%, approximate in 36.26%, wrong in 26.37% and harmful in 34.07%. Regarding the practices of these providers, they were adequate in 6.59%, inadequate in 38.46% and harmful in 54.95%. The global knowledge, attitudes and practices (CAP) score is acceptable in the majority of providers (57.14%). It is poor in 38.46% and good in 4.40%. Conclusion: In Parakou, the availability of emergency obstetric care (EmOC) contrasts with the level of knowledge, attitudes and practices of providers who require training in EmOC.

Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) Assessment of Intestinal Parasitic Infection among School Children in Asmara, Eritrea

Purpose: Poor hygiene practice, inadequate sanitary conditions and lack of awareness of correct mode of transmission are some factors that attribute to high intestinal parasitic infection among children. Therefore, having proper knowledge, good attitude and practice (KAP) against the aforementioned factors can significantly mitigate the spreading of intestinal infection. Methods: The present study was a cross-sectional study which comprised of 127 students who were selected by stratified random sampling. A self-administered questionnaire was used to record KAP of students against intestinal parasitic infection. Total 126 students gave stool samples which were analysed by formol-ether concentration technique. In addition, sewage samples were also collected and analysed for any parasitic load. Statistical data were generated by Chi-square test. Results: A total of 126 stool samples were examined in the study of which 46 (36.50%) were found infected with one or more intestinal parasites. Among the parasites identified, the most common was Hymenolepsis nana with a prevalence rate of 35 (76.0%). Here, most of the students 96 (76.1%) were having poor knowledge about the correct mode of transmission of intestinal parasites. Majority of the students 91 (72.2%) practicing defecation in open air when they are at home, and all 126 (100%) are doing that at school, and significant number of students were not washing hands after defecation. Conclusion: Lack of knowledge regarding mode of transmission and practice of defecation in open air and not washing hands after defecation are issues of great concern, because many parasitic infection have faecal-oral mode of transmission. So, health authorities have to take these issues seriously and action would be vital to resolve it.

Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Parents in the Vaso-Occlusive Crises of the Sick Children in Brazzaville

Objectives: to evaluate the parents’ knowledge of vaso-occlusive crises, to identify their attitudes and practices. Method: a retrospective, transversal, descriptive and analytical study carried out between January and June 2016 at the HUC of Brazzaville. The parents of sickle cell children aged 2 to 17 years, followed for at least one year, were interviewed. Results: a total of 319 parents were interviewed, including 221 women (69.3%) and 98 men (30.7%) with a mean age of 40.8 ± 9 years. They were unschooled 65 cases (20.4%), had primary education 41 cases (12.9%), secondary 149 cases (46.7%) and higher level 64 cases (20.1%). They had one child sickle cell 258 cases (80.9%). They knew sickle cell disease 283 cases (88.7%), its genetic transmission 249 cases (78.1%). The source of information was a health worker 211 cases (66.1%). They had a good knowledge of the vaso-occlusive crisis 101 cases (31.7%). In a vaso-occlusive crisis, they used a health facility 207 cases (64.8%), self-medicated 66 cases (20.7%). Their home practices were good 99 cases (31%), fairly good 135 cases (42.3%) and bad 85 cases (26.5%). Parents aged 25 to 34 (OR = 1.8 95% 1 - 3), secondary (OR = 1.7 95% 1 - 2.7) and with good practices (OR = 4.5 95% 2.7 - 7.5) are those who have a good knowledge of vaso-occlusive crises. Conclusion: The importance and severity of vaso-occlusive crises in the sickle-cell child’s life experience, the crucial role played by parents in their care requires that the information, education and communication of these children be strengthened To improve their quality of life.

Knowledge, attitudes and practices related to seeking medical eyecare services by adults with moderate-to-severe visual impairment in rural Yueqing, Wenzhou, China: a cross-sectional survey

AIM:To evaluate the knowledge,attitudes,and practices regarding eye-care seeking practices of visually impaired adults in a rural area Yueqing,and explore factors influencing their behavior.METHODS:A stratified sampling method was used to select 48 villages in Yueqing,from which 2400 people were selected to receive vision screenings conducted by oculists during a household visit.Those presenting visual acuity≥0.5 log MAR in either eye completed a self-designed questionnaire investigating their knowledge about medical eye-care seeking,attitudes about eye health and eye-careseeking behavior.RESULTS:Totally 165 people with moderate-to-severe visual impairment were identified(6.9%,165/2400),and 146 eligible participants were recruited(response rate:88.4%,mean age:68.6±15.0 y),among which 88(60.3%)were female.They had 82(56.2%)and 64(43.8%)monocular and binocular visual impairments respectively.A total of 67(45.9%)subjects demonstrated a high knowledge level about medical eye-care seeking and 88(60.3%)had self-rated poor vision,with 23(15%)receiving regular vision checks.The 105(71.9%)subjects had never been to hospital for an eye examination."No need"and"schedule conflicts"were the main reasons for not seeking eye care.Having extensive knowledge of medical eye-care seeking was positively associated with high education levels(OR=3.73,P=0.045)and negatively correlated with older age(OR=0.97,P=0.043).Both the self-perceived vision condition(OR=2.59,P=0.03)and regular vision check behavior(OR=6.50,P<0.01)were related with seeking eye care services.CONCLUSION:In rural Yueqing,intervention is required to increase public knowledge about seeking medical eye care among people with moderate-to-severe visual impairment,especially for the elderly and poorly education.Regular vision checks may be useful to promote their medical eye-care utilization.

A study of knowledge,attitude and practices about otitis media in parents in Navi-Mumbai

Although otitis media poses a serious health risk in developing countries,being a frequent occurrence in children below five years of age,parental awareness and practices about otitis media have not been adequately researched.Present cross-sectional study was undertaken in Navi Mumbai schools,from October 2019 to December 2019,wherein parents with children<5 years of age answered a questionnaire which gathered data on their knowledge,attitude and practices about otitis media in their wards.Chi-square tests,Cramer’s V were used to study association between gender,age-group and education of parents with their knowledge,practice and attitude about otitis media.Out of 425 valid responses,overall most parents displayed adequate knowledge(77%),positive attitude(61%)and good care-seeking practices(70%).There was a positive correlation of knowledge and practice with level of education.This study shows acceptable levels of knowledge,attitude and practices in parents about otitis media.Parents who did not seek treatment from health centre attributed the behaviour to poverty,ignorance and lack of health insurance.The positive correlation of knowledge and practices with level of education highlights the importance of role of education in modifying parental awareness and care seeking behaviour.Our findings call for a need to further strengthen community-based healthcare and improve parental confidence in healthcare services for early detection and adequate treatment of otitis media.

Analysis of Compliance and Barriers for Hand Hygiene Practices among Health Care Workers during COVID-19 Pandemic Management in Tertiary Care Hospital of India—An Important Step for Second Wave Preparedness

Introduction: Hands of health care workers play an important part in infection transmission in a healthcare setting infections. Even though it is a simple and effective procedure, it is many times ignored by the health care workers (HCWs) due to lack of knowledge and interest, time constraints, skin irritation, understaffing, etc. There are no specific drugs and vaccines available for COVID-19 pandemic management, so as control measures, hand hygiene is an essential measure. It will be helpful even for the second wave preparedness. So this study was planned for analysis of barriers and practices of hand hygiene among health care workers which determine the adherence of hand hygiene in medical practice. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study designed during COVID-19 pandemic management to analyze the barriers and knowledge, attitude and practices in health care workers for hand hygiene. Semi-structured questionnaires based study based on previous experience of seasonal flu outbreak was make to know barriers as well as to analyze the knowledge, attitude and practices of Health care workers. 215 participants were enrolled who were doctors, resident doctors, nurses, lab technicians, ward boys and food distributors. Results: The “Barriers” related questions’ analysis showed that hand hygiene facilities, with the supply of soap, hand rub, basins with adequate as well as clean water, are available at various places in the Hospital. In knowledge related questions, major gaps are found in 5 moments of hand hygiene and regarding aspects of alcohol-based hand-rub. Majority HCWs show a good attitude towards questions that hand hygiene is an important thing to do along with other works and they feel frustrated when others or they themselves omit hand hygiene. But the attitude toward hand hygiene when hands are not visibly soiled and when working with gloved hand showed a wrong attitude. There is a major gap in practices of hand hygiene. The majority feel hand hygiene is difficult due to work pressure, sometimes they forgot, they feel it difficult to adhere due to more steps during an emergency. Discussion: Hand hygiene is an essential part of COVID-19 pandemic management. Less compliance was observed due to a lack of knowledge and awareness. Such ignorance leads to an increase in Hospital-acquired infection. Conclusion: Good preparedness by Government and Institute for supplying adequate hand hygiene facilities in the work area for health care workers. But there were few gaps found in knowledge and attitude-related questionnaires and major gaps in practices were found which should be corrected by repeated training, awareness programs, demonstrations for hand hygiene and hands-on training. Conducting Periodic Webinar can be the most useful, convenient and safe method to provide training during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The Practice of Palliative Care amongst Nurses in Selected Hospitals in Eastern Nigeria

In recent times, palliative care nursing has caught the attention of nurse researchers in Africa as more individuals are being diagnosed with chronic diseases of the aged like cancer, cardiac and cerebrovascular conditions. This study examined the influence of knowledge and attitude on the practice of palliative care among practicing nurses in eastern part of Nigeria. A descriptive cross-sectional research design was used for the study. The population of the study is all registered, licensed and practicing nurses working in the named public and private hospitals where palliative care is supposedly well established. Proportionate sampling technique was used to select 289 respondents. Three commercial instruments that were modified were used for data collection. Level of significance was set at 5%. The study was conducted from October 2018 to June 2019. Results revealed that 52.7% of the respondents had satisfactory practice of palliative care, 73.7% of the respondents had adequate knowledge of palliative care (mean 2.64 (1.06) and 77.5% of the respondents had positive attitude towards palliative care (Mean 2.81 (1.14)). There was also a significant weak positive association between nurses’ educational level and their knowledge of palliative care with an effect size of 21.9% (P = 0.003). There was also a significant association between nurses’ years of experience and their attitude to palliative care with an effect size of 35.6% (P < 0.001). There was no significant association between type of hospital facility nurses work in and their practice of palliative care (P = 0.343). Recommendations were made on how to improve the practice of palliative care among professional nurses.

Development and validation of the atopic dermatitis and infant skincare knowledge,attitude,and practice(ADISKAP 1.0)scale

Importance:Preserving skin health is crucial for atopic dermatitis control as well as for the thriving of children.However,a well-developed and validated tool that measures the knowledge,attitude,and practice of skin care is lacking.Objective:To develop and validate the atopic dermatitis and infant skincare knowledge,attitude,and practice(ADISKAP 1.0)scale that measures parental health literacy on atopic dermatitis and skin care.Methods:We conducted a review of the literature,a focus group(two dermatologists and 12 parents),and a panel discussion in order to generate the ADISKAP prototype.Two samples of parents with knowingly superior(dermatologists,n=59)and inferior(general population,n=395)knowledge traits participated in the validation of ADISKAP.Cronbach’s alpha was reported as a measure of internal consistency,and the intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC)was calculated to assess the test-retest validity.The known-groups technique was used to evaluate construct validity.Results:The ADISKAP scale contained 17 items after content and face validity validation.After removing items that displayed poor test-retest reliability(n=4)and construct validity(n=3),12 items were retained in the ADISKAP 1.0.Interpretation:ADISKAP 1.0 is a reliable and valid tool for assessing parental knowledge,attitude,and practice on infantile atopic dermatitis and skin care.

Information Needs and Self-Care Practices of Diabetic Patients in Mbala, Northern Province, Zambia

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease that occurs either when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin or when the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces. It is “a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or both” manifested by carbohydrates, fat and protein metabolism abnormality. If untreated high blood sugar can damage the nerves, eyes, kidneys, and other organs. The purpose of this study was to assess the information needs and self-care practice of Diabetic Patients in Mbala, Northern Province Zambia. Methods: This was an analytical cross-sectional study where 105 respondents aged 18 years and above participated in the study. Participants were randomly selected. A structured interview schedule and a check list were used to collect data. Statistics Package for Social Sciences computer software package version 23.0 was used to analyze data. Chi square and fisher’s exact tests were used to test the significance of the association between Knowledge of Diabetes Mellitus, attitude towards self-care practices, self-care practices among Diabetic patients and the need for information among Diabetic patients. A 95% confidence interval and P value of 0.05 were used to ascertain the degree of significance. Multi-variate binary logistic regression model to determine predictors of self-care practices and need for information was also used. Result: On analyzing the dependent variables, more than half (61.9%), had high need for information and three quarters (85.7%) of respondents had poor self-care practices. Slightly more than half (58.1%) had high knowledge levels majority (78.1%), had a negative attitude. Significant associations were found P Conclusion: Negative attitudes and lack of information among Diabetic patients were the main reasons associated with poor self-care practices. Particular attention should therefore be given to ensuring that Diabetic patients are given adequate information on Diabetes self-care in order to improve the quality of life.

Provision of Preconception Care by Midwives, Nurses and Doctors at Ndola Teaching Hospital in Ndola District, Zambia

Background: The goal of preconception care is to improve the outcome of a mother’s pregnancy and childbirth. Nevertheless, in most developing nations;Zambia included, there are still issues with implementation of preconception care. Therefore, the aim of this study was to establish the provision of preconception care by midwives, nurses and doctors at Ndola Teaching Hospital in Zambia. Methods: A concurrent embedded mixed methodology utilising a descriptive explorative study design, where 107 respondents were randomly selected using the lottery technique for quantitative part and two focused group discussions for qualitative part of the study was used. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect quantitative data and a focus group discussion guide was used for the focus group discussions. Statistical Package of Social Sciences version 26 with significance set at 0.05 and at 95% confidence level and thematic analysis were used for data analysis. Results: 75% of the respondents in this study were not providing preconception care and only 25% of respondents were providing preconception care;however, this was provided randomly because there were no guidelines to follow. Among the respondents, 81.3% had medium knowledge, 70.1% had good practices and 92.5% had positive attitudes towards preconception care. Further analysis showed that the association between preconception care and knowledge, practices and attitudes was not statistically significant (p = values 0.336;0.344;1.000 respectively). Multivariate logistic regression revealed that participants with high knowledge were five times more likely to provide preconception care (OR = 5.00, CI = 0.42 - 59.7, P = 0.203). Generally, all the participants acknowledged that preconception care was an important package that could prevent maternal and child morbidities and mortalities. Conclusions: The study revealed that most of the respondents were not providing preconception care. Provision of preconception was done by a small fraction of the respondents and it was done in an unorderly manner due to lack of set standards and guidelines. Despite medium levels of knowledge and generally good practices and positive attitudes towards preconception care, its random provision indicates a need for established standards to enhance maternal and child health outcomes.

北京市基层医疗卫生机构儿童保健人员口腔健康知信行调查

目的了解北京市基层医疗卫生机构儿童保健人员(以下简称儿保人员)口腔健康认知、态度和行为现状,并进行影响因素分析。方法2023年7月~2023年8月期间,对北京市基层医疗卫生机构参与儿童保健工作的全部人员开展线上无记名问卷调查。问卷内容包括一般情况、口腔健康知识知晓情况、对口腔健康的态度情况和口腔卫生行为和饮食习惯情况等。结果北京市基层医疗卫生机构儿保人员口腔卫生知识(84.0%)和龋病防治知识(97.5%)总体知晓率较高,绝大多数的儿保人员对口腔健康持积极态度(>81.0%),餐后漱口(95.3%)和每天刷牙次数2次(82.1%)的比例较高。“儿童口腔保健从孕前开始”知晓率较低,为30.6%,每天使用牙线(40.0%)和定期接受口腔检查(41.6%)的比例不到一半。儿保人员口腔知识得分和态度得分(r=0.346,P<0.05),知识得分和行为得分(r=0.172,P<0.05),态度得分和行为得分(r=0.119,P<0.05)均呈正相关。多因素分析显示:工作时间≤5年者(OR=0.520,95%CI:0.399-0.677)及6~9年者(OR=0.706,95%CI:0.516-0.965)倾向于不知晓儿童口腔保健从孕期开始,工作时间≤5年者(OR=1.600,95%CI:1.102-2.323)、年龄≤30岁者(OR=3.742,95%CI:1.821-7.691)和31~40岁者(OR=2.346,95%CI:1.553-3.543)倾向于每天帮助儿童刷牙。结论北京市基层医疗卫生机构儿保人员口腔知识整体知晓率较高,口腔健康态度较好,个人口腔卫生行为方面还有待改善。基层儿保人员口腔健康知信行与其工作年限和年龄有关。

广西壮族自治区ICU护士实施身体约束知信行的现状调查及影响因素分析

目的探讨广西壮族自治区ICU护士身体约束知信行现状,为临床开展相关的培训及质控提供理论依据。方法采用简单随机抽样法,选取广西壮族自治区三级甲等、二级甲等共5所医院的ICU护士共201名作为研究对象,采用“ICU护士实施身体约束知信行评估量表”调查护士对患者实施身体约束的知识、态度和行为现状,并分析影响因素。结果广西壮族自治区ICU护士身体约束知信行总分、知识维度、态度维度、行为维度得分分别为(135.08±18.07)分、(68.70±9.49)分、(20.73±4.82)分、(45.66±8.95)分,整体上为中等偏低水平。不同医院等级、ICU工作年限、有无ICU专科资质的ICU护士身体约束知信行水平差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论广西壮族自治区ICU护士身体约束态度较为积极,知识及行为水平亟待加强。ICU管理者应健全ICU护士身体约束培训机制、种类和队伍,根据护士的不同特征强化相关知识与技能培训,通过增强知识建立积极态度和情感,促使行为改变,促进身体约束专科化发展。

ICU护士导尿管相关尿路感染预防知信行现况及影响因素

目的:调查重症监护室(ICU)护士导尿管相关尿路感染(CAUTI)预防知信行现况,并分析其影响因素。方法:选取2022年1月在上海交通大学医学院附属第一人民医院ICU工作的临床护士195人作为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、CAUTI预防培训调查表、CAUTI预防知信行量表进行调查。结果:ICU护士在CAUTI知识中留置导尿适应证维度得分为(28.50±3.23)分,知识中CAUTI预防策略维度得分为(58.84±5.34)分,信念维度得分为(24.85±3.52)分,行为维度得分为(21.45±2.59)分;是否参加过培训的情况不同,我院ICU护士的CAUTI预防知识、行为得分不同(P<0.05);科室、工作年限、近3年参加培训的次数不同,我院ICU护士的CAUTI预防知信行得分不同(P<0.05)。结论:我院ICU护士整体的CAUTI预防知信行水平较高,但仍存在不足,医疗机构应扩大培训范围,改变ICU护士的经验性认知,提高ICU护士对于CAUTI的知信行水平。

ICU护士对重型颅脑损伤患者目标体温管理知信行问卷的编制及信效度检验

目的编制ICU护士对重型颅脑损伤(severe traumatic brain injury,STBI)患者目标体温管理(target tem-perature management,TTM)知信行(knowledge,attitude and practice,KAP)问卷并检验其信效度。方法以知信行理论为框架,通过文献分析及小组讨论初步构建问卷条目池,再通过德尔菲法和预调查确定问卷初稿。采用便利抽样法,于2022年10月选取甘肃省4所医院240名ICU护士进行调查,进行问卷信效度检验。结果ICU护士对重型颅脑损伤患者目标体温管理知信行问卷共包含3个维度,32个条目。问卷整体内容效度指数为0.955,条目内容效度指数为0.800~1.000。探索性因子分析提取4个公因子,累积方差贡献率为58.889%,问卷整体Cronbach’sα系数为0.862,重测信度为0.890;知识、态度及行为维度的Cronbach’sα系数分别为0.713、0.925及0.924,重测信度分别为0.801、0.943及0.950。结论ICU护士对重型颅脑损伤患者目标体温管理知信行问卷具有良好的信效度,可作为ICU护士对重型颅脑损伤患者目标体温管理知信行水平的测评工具。

基于知信行模式的3H护理在慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期患者中的应用

目的探究基于知信行模式的3H护理在慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期(AECOPD)患者中的应用价值。方法选取医院2019至2022年收治的73例AECOPD患者作为研究对象,随机分为观察组(n=37)和对照组(n=36)。对照组采用常规护理方式,观察组采用基于知信行模式的3H护理,比较2组患者心理弹性、生活质量、自护能力、自我效能。结果干预后2组患者心理弹性、生活质量、自护能力、自我效能得分较干预前均有升高(P<0.05),且观察组更高(P<0.05);结论相比于应用常规护理,应用基于知信行模式的3H护理对于AECOPD患者而言,更能提升心理韧性、改善生活质量、提升自护能力、提高自我效能,适合在临床推广使用。

知信行健康教育护理在冠状动脉旁路移植术患者中的应用效果

目的:观察知信行健康教育护理在冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)患者中的应用效果。方法:回顾性分析2021年3月至2022年2月该院收治的92例CABG患者的临床资料,按照护理方法不同将其分为观察组与对照组各46例。对照组实施常规护理,观察组在对照组基础上实施知信行健康教育护理,两组均护理至患者出院。比较两组护理依从率,护理前后应对方式[医学应对问卷(MCMQ)]评分、自护能力[自我护理能力测定量表(ESCA)]评分,护理满意度,以及主要心血管不良事件发生率。结果:观察组护理依从率为95.65%(44/46),高于对照组的78.26%(36/46),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);护理后,观察组面对评分高于对照组,回避、屈服评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);护理后,观察组自我概念、自我责任感、自我护理技能、健康知识水平等ESCA各维度评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组护理满意度为97.83%(45/46),高于对照组的82.61%(38/46),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组心脏不良事件发生率为4.35%(2/46),低于对照组的19.57%(9/46),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:在常规护理基础上实施知信行健康教育护理可提高CABG患者护理依从率、自护能力评分和护理满意度,改善应对方式评分,降低主要心血管不良事件发生率,效果优于单纯常规护理。

ICU护士预防再喂养综合征知识、态度和行为的现况及其影响因素

目的调查重症监护病房(intensive care unit,ICU)护士预防再喂养综合征知识、态度和行为现况,并分析其影响因素,为临床开展相关教学、培训提供依据。方法采用便利抽样法,自行编制一般资料调查表、ICU护士对预防RFS再喂养综合征(refeeding syndrome,RFS)知识、态度和行为问卷以及护理阻碍因素及知识需求问卷,对上海市5所三级甲等综合医院和2所二级甲等综合医院的366名ICU护士进行调查,并采用多重线性回归分析RFS的知识、态度和行为的影响因素。结果366名ICU护士预防RFS知识、态度和行为问卷总分、知识维度、态度维度、主观规范、感知行为控制及行为意向维度得分分别为(133.73±20.55)分、(35.79±9.04)分、(37.44±6.20)分、(12.07±2.27)分、(17.82±4.00)分、(30.61±6.09)分,总分处于中等水平。多重线性回归分析显示,医院级别、ICU类型以及是否为营养学组成员、接受过相关培训、从学术期刊获取知识的频率是ICU护士对预防RFS知识、态度和行为的影响因素(均P<0.05),共同解释其20.90%的变异。结论从学术期刊获取知识、三级医院、综合ICU及接受过RFS相关知识培训、营养学组成员的护士有较高的预防RFS知识、态度和行为水平。护理管理者应重视ICU护士的培训,加强其对预防RFS护理的知识和行为,从而提高ICU护理管理质量。

儿童专科医院护士中心静脉导管相关血流感染预防知信行调查

目的调查儿童专科医院护士中心静脉导管相关血流感染(CLABSI)知信行现状,分析影响因素,为降低CLABSI发生率提供参考。方法便利选取3家三甲儿童专科医院1112名护士进行问卷调查。采用Kruskal-Wallis H检验进行单因素分析,使用多元线性回归进行多因素分析。结果儿童专科医院护士CLABSI预防知信行总得分率为88.27%,知识、态度和行为维度得分率分别为82.71%、95.20%、90.05%。最高学历、医院是否有预防CLABSI的标准操作规程、是否接受过中心静脉导管留置和维护操作的规范化培训是知识维度的影响因素(均P<0.05);医院类别、医院对CLABSI预防的重视程度、是否接受过CLABSI预防相关知识培训是态度和行为维度的影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论儿童专科医院护士对CLABSI预防的态度和行为积极,但知识水平较低。医院应结合实际制订CLABSI防控策略,建立标准操作规程,加大对低学历护士培训力度。

基于护士主导的家庭支持模式结合知信行健康教育对维持性血液透析患者自护能力的影响

目的 探讨基于护士主导的家庭支持模式结合知信行健康教育在维持性血液透析中的应用效果。方法 选取2020年1月至2021年12月收治的218例维持性血液透析患者,以随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组,各109例。对照组实施常规护理干预,观察组在对照组基础上实施基于护士主导的家庭支持模式结合知信行健康教育干预。比较两组的干预效果。结果 观察组的依从性优良率高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组的自体动静脉内瘘功能优良率高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,观察组的自我护理能力测定量表(ESCA)各维度评分均高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,观察组的尿素清除指数(KT/V)、尿素下降率(URR)高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 基于护士主导的家庭支持模式结合知信行健康教育可促进维持性血液透析患者改善自体动静脉内瘘功能,提高依从性、自护能力及透析质量。