BACKGROUND Parental drinking has a direct bearing on children.Behavioral problems such as anxiety and depression are common problems among children whose parents drink heavily.Psychosocial interventions have shown pro...BACKGROUND Parental drinking has a direct bearing on children.Behavioral problems such as anxiety and depression are common problems among children whose parents drink heavily.Psychosocial interventions have shown promising results for anxiety and depression among children;however,few studies have been conducted in the context of children of parents with alcohol dependence in India.AIM To evaluate the efficacy of psychosocial intervention for internalizing behavioral problems among children of parents with alcohol dependence.METHODS A randomized controlled trial with a 2×4 factorial design was adopted with longitudinal measurement of outcomes for 6 mo.Two-hundred and eleven children who met the eligibility criteria(at least one parent with alcohol dependence)at government high schools in Bangalore,India,were randomized to the experimental(n=97)or control group(n=98).The psychosocial intervention was administered to the experimental group in eight sessions(biweekly)over 4 wk after baseline assessment.The intervention focused on identifying and modifying negative thoughts,replacing thinking errors with realistic alternatives,modification of maladaptive behavior,developing adaptive coping skills and building self-esteem.The data was collected pre-intervention and at 1,3 and 6 mo after the intervention.Data were analyzed using SPSS 28.0 version.RESULTS Mean age of the children was 14.68±0.58 years,60.5%were male,56%were studying in 9th standard,70.75%were from nuclear families,and mean family monthly income was 9588.1±3135.2 INR.Mean duration of parental alcohol dependence was 7.52±2.94 years and the father was the alcohol-consuming parent.The findings showed that there were significant psychosocial intervention effects in terms of decreasing anxiety and depression scores,and increasing selfesteem level among experimental group subjects over the 6-mo interval,when compared with the control group(P<0.001).CONCLUSION The present study demonstrated that the psychosocial intervention was effective in reducing anxiety and depression,and increasing self-esteem among children of parents with alcohol dependence.The study recommends the need for ongoing psychosocial intervention for these children.展开更多
In most of the world’s societies and cultures, the biological mother and father bear primary responsibility to?care for their child’s needs and to guide him or her through the process of entry into society [1]. The ...In most of the world’s societies and cultures, the biological mother and father bear primary responsibility to?care for their child’s needs and to guide him or her through the process of entry into society [1]. The parent serves, for the most part, as the significant figure with the greatest amount of influence over the child’s life. Through his parent, the child learns the skills necessary to experience the world and function in it, whether the skills are in relation to survival needs such as eating, washing and mobility or developmental and social needs such as forming social relationships and developing the capacity to think and learn through play and supervision [2]. Thus the parent plays a critical but complex role in the development of his or her child, a role that requires development of a wide range of new behavioral, communicational, cognitive and emotional skills and capabilities in order to understand and cope with the challenges of child-rearing. Similarly, parenting styles and characteristics are influenced by a number of variables: The parent, the child, the interaction between them, and environmental variables such as culture, socio-economic status, and the existing family unit [2]. When children who suffer from behavioral difficulties do not receive the parental care they need, there is reasonable cause for concern that difficulties will develop in adulthood in a range of life areas that will have an impact on their lives and well-being and on their ability to adapt to society and contribute to it [3]. Accordingly, over the past 50 years parent-training programs have been developed to strengthen parents through learning and providing tools of experience and developmental knowledge, for the purpose of promoting the child’s sense of wellbeing and quality of life [2] [4]. Objective: The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of evidence-based interventions for parents of young children (0 - 6), programs that are currently active in Israel and in the world, and to explicate the significant characteristics common to them that contribute to their effectiveness and success.展开更多
Objectives:Compare the differences between the intervention and control groups in changes of primary outcomes(body mass index[BMI]and waist-to-height ratio[WHtR])and secondary outcomes(nutrition knowledge of children ...Objectives:Compare the differences between the intervention and control groups in changes of primary outcomes(body mass index[BMI]and waist-to-height ratio[WHtR])and secondary outcomes(nutrition knowledge of children and parents),from baseline to the 6-and 12-month follow-ups;examine the associations of changes in nutrition knowledge of children and their parents with children’s changes in BMI and WHtR.Data sources:Data collected from four schools in two poverty-stricken counties in northern Shaanxi Province in 2020‒2021.Methods:A multifaced intervention program targeted children(promoting healthy diet and nutrition education)and their parents(promoting nutrition knowledge)was conducted in the interventional group.Four schools,with two in each group,were randomly allocated to the intervention or control group,with 814 eligible children aged 7.1 to 12.8 years.The control group conducted myopia promotion.Differences in changes of BMI and WHtR between groups were compared with t-test.Mixed-effects model was used to examine the associations between changes in nutrition knowledge of children and parents with changes in children’s BMI and WHtR.Results:At the 6-month follow-up,the difference in changes in BMI between the intervention and control groups was 0.4 kg/m 2(P<0.001).At the 12-month follow-up,the difference in changes in BMI and WHtR between intervention and control groups was 0.1 kg/m^(2)(P<0.001)and 0.01 kg/m^(2)(P<0.001).In the intervention group,the nutrition knowledge awareness rate of children increased from 16.9%(69/409)at baseline to 21.3%(87/409)at 6-month,and 22.7%(93/409)at 12-month.The awareness rate of nutrition knowledge of parents also fluctuated,from 5.6%(23/409)to 6.6%(27/409)and 5.4%(22/409).However,the difference in changes in nutrition knowledge between intervention and control groups was non-significant.The 6-month follow-up changes in children’s nutrition knowledge scores were negatively associated with changes in BMI in girls(β=−0.26,95%confidence interval[CI]:−0.38 to−0.14,P<0.001),while positively associated with changes in WHtR in boys(β=0.003,95%CI:−0.0002 to 0.005,P=0.035).The 12-month follow-up changes in children’s nutrition knowledge scores were positively associated with changes in children’s WHtR(β=0.003,95%CI:0.0004 to 0.01,P=0.018).Conclusions:The intervention strategies did not reduce the BMI and WHtR of children,and the nutrition knowledge of children and parents increased after the intervention in intervention group.Changes in nutrition knowledge of children and their parents are associated with changes in children’s BMI or WHtR.Interventions with a new focus on obesity are needed to help improve children’s nutritional status in poverty-stricken areas in Shaanxi Province of China.展开更多
The purpose of this article is to highlight the importance of parent involvement and intervention in early childhood education. What formulates the lock and key theory in early childhood programs is parental participa...The purpose of this article is to highlight the importance of parent involvement and intervention in early childhood education. What formulates the lock and key theory in early childhood programs is parental participation versus educational achievement. Upon the parents＇ vital involvement, it is perceived that social and cognitive development, aided by educators, will be significantly achieved. Furthermore, parent＇s early intervention is an added value to classrooms and schools, for it creates a dimension of involvement in the decisions which shape the children＇s education as a whole. Moreover, and due to parent/teacher cooperation in the classroom and at home, the child＇s interest in learning will be triggered, yielding other positive outcomes. Therefore, people must emphasize the parent＇s role in order to aid children＇s complex and evolving multi-cultural and global nature.展开更多
目的归纳和总结抚养未成年子女的乳腺癌患者育儿干预的基本内容及干预效果。方法以JBI发布的范围综述指南为方法学框架,检索中国知网、万方数据、维普网、中国生物医学文献服务系统、PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、CINAHL、PsycINF...目的归纳和总结抚养未成年子女的乳腺癌患者育儿干预的基本内容及干预效果。方法以JBI发布的范围综述指南为方法学框架,检索中国知网、万方数据、维普网、中国生物医学文献服务系统、PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、CINAHL、PsycINFO、Web of Science等数据库,检索时限为建库至2023年11月30日。对纳入文献进行归类和分析。结果共纳入14篇文献,抚养未成年子女的乳腺癌患者育儿干预研究涉及针对乳腺癌患者、未成年子女及其配偶的干预,干预内容包括亲子交流指导、情绪管理指导、加强社会支持、自我效能感培训、健康知识教育及亲子相处指导等;育儿干预的频次、时间存在较大差异;育儿干预可改善患者的育儿能力、亲子沟通能力以及其未成年子女的情绪行为问题等。结论针对乳腺癌患者及其未成年子女开展的育儿干预内容、干预形式仍有待完善和优化,需重视以家庭为中心,并进一步探索基于互联网及针对特殊患者群体个性化的干预方案,以提升育儿干预效果。展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Parental drinking has a direct bearing on children.Behavioral problems such as anxiety and depression are common problems among children whose parents drink heavily.Psychosocial interventions have shown promising results for anxiety and depression among children;however,few studies have been conducted in the context of children of parents with alcohol dependence in India.AIM To evaluate the efficacy of psychosocial intervention for internalizing behavioral problems among children of parents with alcohol dependence.METHODS A randomized controlled trial with a 2×4 factorial design was adopted with longitudinal measurement of outcomes for 6 mo.Two-hundred and eleven children who met the eligibility criteria(at least one parent with alcohol dependence)at government high schools in Bangalore,India,were randomized to the experimental(n=97)or control group(n=98).The psychosocial intervention was administered to the experimental group in eight sessions(biweekly)over 4 wk after baseline assessment.The intervention focused on identifying and modifying negative thoughts,replacing thinking errors with realistic alternatives,modification of maladaptive behavior,developing adaptive coping skills and building self-esteem.The data was collected pre-intervention and at 1,3 and 6 mo after the intervention.Data were analyzed using SPSS 28.0 version.RESULTS Mean age of the children was 14.68±0.58 years,60.5%were male,56%were studying in 9th standard,70.75%were from nuclear families,and mean family monthly income was 9588.1±3135.2 INR.Mean duration of parental alcohol dependence was 7.52±2.94 years and the father was the alcohol-consuming parent.The findings showed that there were significant psychosocial intervention effects in terms of decreasing anxiety and depression scores,and increasing selfesteem level among experimental group subjects over the 6-mo interval,when compared with the control group(P<0.001).CONCLUSION The present study demonstrated that the psychosocial intervention was effective in reducing anxiety and depression,and increasing self-esteem among children of parents with alcohol dependence.The study recommends the need for ongoing psychosocial intervention for these children.
文摘In most of the world’s societies and cultures, the biological mother and father bear primary responsibility to?care for their child’s needs and to guide him or her through the process of entry into society [1]. The parent serves, for the most part, as the significant figure with the greatest amount of influence over the child’s life. Through his parent, the child learns the skills necessary to experience the world and function in it, whether the skills are in relation to survival needs such as eating, washing and mobility or developmental and social needs such as forming social relationships and developing the capacity to think and learn through play and supervision [2]. Thus the parent plays a critical but complex role in the development of his or her child, a role that requires development of a wide range of new behavioral, communicational, cognitive and emotional skills and capabilities in order to understand and cope with the challenges of child-rearing. Similarly, parenting styles and characteristics are influenced by a number of variables: The parent, the child, the interaction between them, and environmental variables such as culture, socio-economic status, and the existing family unit [2]. When children who suffer from behavioral difficulties do not receive the parental care they need, there is reasonable cause for concern that difficulties will develop in adulthood in a range of life areas that will have an impact on their lives and well-being and on their ability to adapt to society and contribute to it [3]. Accordingly, over the past 50 years parent-training programs have been developed to strengthen parents through learning and providing tools of experience and developmental knowledge, for the purpose of promoting the child’s sense of wellbeing and quality of life [2] [4]. Objective: The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of evidence-based interventions for parents of young children (0 - 6), programs that are currently active in Israel and in the world, and to explicate the significant characteristics common to them that contribute to their effectiveness and success.
基金This work was supported in part by the Chinese Nutrition Society(grant number CNS-NNSRG2019–97)。
文摘Objectives:Compare the differences between the intervention and control groups in changes of primary outcomes(body mass index[BMI]and waist-to-height ratio[WHtR])and secondary outcomes(nutrition knowledge of children and parents),from baseline to the 6-and 12-month follow-ups;examine the associations of changes in nutrition knowledge of children and their parents with children’s changes in BMI and WHtR.Data sources:Data collected from four schools in two poverty-stricken counties in northern Shaanxi Province in 2020‒2021.Methods:A multifaced intervention program targeted children(promoting healthy diet and nutrition education)and their parents(promoting nutrition knowledge)was conducted in the interventional group.Four schools,with two in each group,were randomly allocated to the intervention or control group,with 814 eligible children aged 7.1 to 12.8 years.The control group conducted myopia promotion.Differences in changes of BMI and WHtR between groups were compared with t-test.Mixed-effects model was used to examine the associations between changes in nutrition knowledge of children and parents with changes in children’s BMI and WHtR.Results:At the 6-month follow-up,the difference in changes in BMI between the intervention and control groups was 0.4 kg/m 2(P<0.001).At the 12-month follow-up,the difference in changes in BMI and WHtR between intervention and control groups was 0.1 kg/m^(2)(P<0.001)and 0.01 kg/m^(2)(P<0.001).In the intervention group,the nutrition knowledge awareness rate of children increased from 16.9%(69/409)at baseline to 21.3%(87/409)at 6-month,and 22.7%(93/409)at 12-month.The awareness rate of nutrition knowledge of parents also fluctuated,from 5.6%(23/409)to 6.6%(27/409)and 5.4%(22/409).However,the difference in changes in nutrition knowledge between intervention and control groups was non-significant.The 6-month follow-up changes in children’s nutrition knowledge scores were negatively associated with changes in BMI in girls(β=−0.26,95%confidence interval[CI]:−0.38 to−0.14,P<0.001),while positively associated with changes in WHtR in boys(β=0.003,95%CI:−0.0002 to 0.005,P=0.035).The 12-month follow-up changes in children’s nutrition knowledge scores were positively associated with changes in children’s WHtR(β=0.003,95%CI:0.0004 to 0.01,P=0.018).Conclusions:The intervention strategies did not reduce the BMI and WHtR of children,and the nutrition knowledge of children and parents increased after the intervention in intervention group.Changes in nutrition knowledge of children and their parents are associated with changes in children’s BMI or WHtR.Interventions with a new focus on obesity are needed to help improve children’s nutritional status in poverty-stricken areas in Shaanxi Province of China.
文摘The purpose of this article is to highlight the importance of parent involvement and intervention in early childhood education. What formulates the lock and key theory in early childhood programs is parental participation versus educational achievement. Upon the parents＇ vital involvement, it is perceived that social and cognitive development, aided by educators, will be significantly achieved. Furthermore, parent＇s early intervention is an added value to classrooms and schools, for it creates a dimension of involvement in the decisions which shape the children＇s education as a whole. Moreover, and due to parent/teacher cooperation in the classroom and at home, the child＇s interest in learning will be triggered, yielding other positive outcomes. Therefore, people must emphasize the parent＇s role in order to aid children＇s complex and evolving multi-cultural and global nature.
文摘目的归纳和总结抚养未成年子女的乳腺癌患者育儿干预的基本内容及干预效果。方法以JBI发布的范围综述指南为方法学框架,检索中国知网、万方数据、维普网、中国生物医学文献服务系统、PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、CINAHL、PsycINFO、Web of Science等数据库,检索时限为建库至2023年11月30日。对纳入文献进行归类和分析。结果共纳入14篇文献,抚养未成年子女的乳腺癌患者育儿干预研究涉及针对乳腺癌患者、未成年子女及其配偶的干预,干预内容包括亲子交流指导、情绪管理指导、加强社会支持、自我效能感培训、健康知识教育及亲子相处指导等;育儿干预的频次、时间存在较大差异;育儿干预可改善患者的育儿能力、亲子沟通能力以及其未成年子女的情绪行为问题等。结论针对乳腺癌患者及其未成年子女开展的育儿干预内容、干预形式仍有待完善和优化,需重视以家庭为中心,并进一步探索基于互联网及针对特殊患者群体个性化的干预方案,以提升育儿干预效果。
