The Asia-Pacific Die Casting Industry Exhibition 2005, organized by Foundry Institution of Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society （FICMES）, was held in INTEX Shanghai, China on August 14-17, 2005. On August 16th, th...The Asia-Pacific Die Casting Industry Exhibition 2005, organized by Foundry Institution of Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society （FICMES）, was held in INTEX Shanghai, China on August 14-17, 2005. On August 16th, the journalists of CHINA FOUNDRY journal visited five exhibitors on the spot of exhibition. They are： Mr. Roland FINK, General manager of Frech （Shanghai） Die Casting Machine Co. Ltd.; Mr. Thomas STROBL, General manager of Buhler Equipment Engineering （Wuxi） Co. Ltd., Switzerland; Mr. WANG Tong, Manager of ABB Engineering （Shanghai） Co. Ltd.; Ms. Karen LUO, National Sales Manager-Die Casting, Chem-Trend （Shanghai） Trading Co. Ltd.; and Mr. David ZHOU, Sales Supervisor of Acheson, the National Starch ＆ Chemical （Shanghai） Company.展开更多
On June 3rd,JD.com announced that Paipai,its second-hand commodity trade platform,was strategically merged with Aihuishou(Love Recycling)which is one of the largest electronics recycling platforms in China.Recently,th...On June 3rd,JD.com announced that Paipai,its second-hand commodity trade platform,was strategically merged with Aihuishou(Love Recycling)which is one of the largest electronics recycling platforms in China.Recently,the Ecommerce Research Centre of 100ec.cn released the2018 Development Report for China Second-hand E-businesses(hereinafter referred to as the Report),which indicated that as of the end of 2017.展开更多
The market mechanism for forest ecosystem service has already become common knowledge among countries in the international movement to address global climate change.In this paper,international experiences of forest ec...The market mechanism for forest ecosystem service has already become common knowledge among countries in the international movement to address global climate change.In this paper,international experiences of forest ecosystem market such as better understanding of concept,public participation, sound trading rules and measurement standards are analyzed,and its implication for China is also summarized.Finally,the prospects of forest ecosystem service market in China are discussed.The purpose of this paper i...展开更多
China has been making efforts to improve climate changes which have drawn international attentions since China formally signed UN Climate Change Framework in 1992 and ratified Kyoto Protocol in August 2002. The area o...China has been making efforts to improve climate changes which have drawn international attentions since China formally signed UN Climate Change Framework in 1992 and ratified Kyoto Protocol in August 2002. The area of China’s forest plantation ranks the first at present so global close attention is paid to forest carbon market in China. This article introduces that 5 110 million t of carbon dioxide equivalent have been sequestrated by China’s forest during 1980 to 2005, China will have 4.2 billion t of carbon dioxide emission reduction market potential and contribute more forest carbon credits to the international community.展开更多
The forest ecosystem goods and services and the natural capital stocks that produce them make great contribution to national economy and human welfare both directly and indirectly. This paper evaluates the economic va...The forest ecosystem goods and services and the natural capital stocks that produce them make great contribution to national economy and human welfare both directly and indirectly. This paper evaluates the economic value of natural capital stock and the annual output flow of forest ecosystem goods and services taking Qingdao City and its eight districts as case study. The results of the valuation study showed, that the stock value of forest natural capital of Qingdao was RMB 13.46 billion at the end of 2007. The flow value of annual output of forest ecosystem goods and services of Qingdao was RMB 26.76 billion which amounted to 7.07% of its GDP of 2007. However, the share of forest goods and services actually included in its GDP of 2007, in accordance with the current national accounting system, was only 0.71%. Among the annual flows the value of intangible forest ecosystem services alone accounted for 70.90% of total flows which was 2.44 times the value of forest material goods. These non- market forest benefits mainly contributed to the non-forestry sectors of the economy and to the social groups who did not own and manage the forests. Extensive policy implications were analyzed as per the results of the forest valuation study.展开更多
The forest products trade from other countries to China is predominantly and tremendously increasing and many dealers, officials and scholars are convinced that this trend will continue. This paper covers 5 topics: (1...The forest products trade from other countries to China is predominantly and tremendously increasing and many dealers, officials and scholars are convinced that this trend will continue. This paper covers 5 topics: (1) Analysis on China’s forest resources; (2) Analysis on the supply and demand factors of forest products in China; (3) The import trade of recent main forest products in China; (4) The market characteristics of forest products in China; (5)The development trends of forest products in China.展开更多
Introduction:Effective provision of ecosystem services(ES)and improvements in well-being of residents can be realized through policy interventions of stakeholder behavior.Of the several policies,market-based instrumen...Introduction:Effective provision of ecosystem services(ES)and improvements in well-being of residents can be realized through policy interventions of stakeholder behavior.Of the several policies,market-based instruments(MBIs)have become the focus of global attention.Outcomes/others:To couple the theory with practice and solve the key problem of unclear definition of property rights,the framework of MBIs is designed.First,property rights of market creation must be clearly defined,verifiable,transferable,enforceable,and have policy continuity.Then,four key characteristics of MBIs need to be considered in the case design,namely those involving ES,stakeholders,trading mechanisms,and guarantee mechanisms.The Pledge Financing of the Right of the Ecological Public Welfare Forest(PFREPWF)in Lishui City is a typical case of China’s current marketization,which is a supplement and improvement to the ecological compensation policy.Based on clearly defined contract rights,Lishui City has realized the integration of ecological compensation and credit creation.Discussion:The case design still has the problems of lack of quantification and lack of correlations with ES.Conclusion:The theoretical and practical analysis around the market mechanism has reference value for solving market failures and providing environmental services.展开更多
The rapid development of high-speed rail （HSR） and air transport in China has encouraged research on the spatial effects and safety of these two modes of transport, and on the competition between them. We report her...The rapid development of high-speed rail （HSR） and air transport in China has encouraged research on the spatial effects and safety of these two modes of transport, and on the competition between them. We report here an investigation of the effects of competi- tion between HSR and air transport in China from a geographical perspective. The spatial service hinterlands for HSR and air transport accessible within one and two hours by road transport were investigated using a method based on a geographical information system and the overlapping service hinterlands of HSR and air transport were established. A city with both HSR stations and airports, or that was accessible to HSR stations and airports within a certain travel time by road transport, was defined as the overlapping market. The spatial effects of competition between HSR and air transport at present and in the future were then studied with respect to the planned HSR network and airports. The results showed that both HSR and air transport tend to serve areas with high population densities and well-developed econo- mies and in 2012 most of the population and GDP in China were accessible within two hours by road transport to an HSR station or airport. -the different technical and economic charac- teristics of HSR and air transport determine the advantage markets. Spatially, the service hinterland of HSR mainly focuses on urban agglomerations and economic corridors in the eastern and central regions, whereas air transport has a competitive advantage in the more inaccessible western region of China. The overlapping market of HSR and air transport will become increasingly large in the future and cities with a population of over one million and cities within 30 km to both airports and HSR stations will become the major competitive markets. Considering the cost of construction and the number of passengers required for economic operation, as well as the competition with air transport, it is suggested that the construction of some HSR projects in the western region of China should be canceled or slowed down.展开更多
Climate change has posed a great risk and treats to global environment.To address the problem,international community resorts to carbon emission reduction,and many countries have implemented afforestation and reforest...Climate change has posed a great risk and treats to global environment.To address the problem,international community resorts to carbon emission reduction,and many countries have implemented afforestation and reforestation project under Clean Development Mechanism.China started the research and has done a great load of works on forest carbon trade as early as the year of 2002 to contribute to the carbon emission reduction.This paper introduces the implementation of forest carbon trade in Heyuan City,Guan...展开更多
Of the many services that forests provide, hydrological services are among the most valuable, and it becomes more scarce with the growing demands by human beings. As a kind of incentive measure for protecting forest, ...Of the many services that forests provide, hydrological services are among the most valuable, and it becomes more scarce with the growing demands by human beings. As a kind of incentive measure for protecting forest, forest hydrological services markets have been developed in many countries around the world and some valuable experiences have been achieved. The paper reviews the experiments carried out in the world and their research findings on forest hydrological services market, and presents the issues to be studied for the establishment of future water services market.展开更多
With the analyses of the reasons for the emergence of domestic and overseas markets for forest environmental service and its significance, this paper summarizes the progress in the research on the market and reviews t...With the analyses of the reasons for the emergence of domestic and overseas markets for forest environmental service and its significance, this paper summarizes the progress in the research on the market and reviews the operations of the markets for 4 kinds of forest environmental services that are watershed protection services, biodiversity protection services, carbon sequestration services and landscape services. At the end, the paper discusses the major problems arising in the creation of markets for environmental services and the developing tendency.展开更多
文摘The Asia-Pacific Die Casting Industry Exhibition 2005, organized by Foundry Institution of Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society （FICMES）, was held in INTEX Shanghai, China on August 14-17, 2005. On August 16th, the journalists of CHINA FOUNDRY journal visited five exhibitors on the spot of exhibition. They are： Mr. Roland FINK, General manager of Frech （Shanghai） Die Casting Machine Co. Ltd.; Mr. Thomas STROBL, General manager of Buhler Equipment Engineering （Wuxi） Co. Ltd., Switzerland; Mr. WANG Tong, Manager of ABB Engineering （Shanghai） Co. Ltd.; Ms. Karen LUO, National Sales Manager-Die Casting, Chem-Trend （Shanghai） Trading Co. Ltd.; and Mr. David ZHOU, Sales Supervisor of Acheson, the National Starch ＆ Chemical （Shanghai） Company.
文摘On June 3rd,JD.com announced that Paipai,its second-hand commodity trade platform,was strategically merged with Aihuishou(Love Recycling)which is one of the largest electronics recycling platforms in China.Recently,the Ecommerce Research Centre of 100ec.cn released the2018 Development Report for China Second-hand E-businesses(hereinafter referred to as the Report),which indicated that as of the end of 2017.
文摘The market mechanism for forest ecosystem service has already become common knowledge among countries in the international movement to address global climate change.In this paper,international experiences of forest ecosystem market such as better understanding of concept,public participation, sound trading rules and measurement standards are analyzed,and its implication for China is also summarized.Finally,the prospects of forest ecosystem service market in China are discussed.The purpose of this paper i...
文摘China has been making efforts to improve climate changes which have drawn international attentions since China formally signed UN Climate Change Framework in 1992 and ratified Kyoto Protocol in August 2002. The area of China’s forest plantation ranks the first at present so global close attention is paid to forest carbon market in China. This article introduces that 5 110 million t of carbon dioxide equivalent have been sequestrated by China’s forest during 1980 to 2005, China will have 4.2 billion t of carbon dioxide emission reduction market potential and contribute more forest carbon credits to the international community.
基金funded by the International Tropical Timber Organization (PD 39/98 and PD 295/04)
文摘The forest ecosystem goods and services and the natural capital stocks that produce them make great contribution to national economy and human welfare both directly and indirectly. This paper evaluates the economic value of natural capital stock and the annual output flow of forest ecosystem goods and services taking Qingdao City and its eight districts as case study. The results of the valuation study showed, that the stock value of forest natural capital of Qingdao was RMB 13.46 billion at the end of 2007. The flow value of annual output of forest ecosystem goods and services of Qingdao was RMB 26.76 billion which amounted to 7.07% of its GDP of 2007. However, the share of forest goods and services actually included in its GDP of 2007, in accordance with the current national accounting system, was only 0.71%. Among the annual flows the value of intangible forest ecosystem services alone accounted for 70.90% of total flows which was 2.44 times the value of forest material goods. These non- market forest benefits mainly contributed to the non-forestry sectors of the economy and to the social groups who did not own and manage the forests. Extensive policy implications were analyzed as per the results of the forest valuation study.
文摘The forest products trade from other countries to China is predominantly and tremendously increasing and many dealers, officials and scholars are convinced that this trend will continue. This paper covers 5 topics: (1) Analysis on China’s forest resources; (2) Analysis on the supply and demand factors of forest products in China; (3) The import trade of recent main forest products in China; (4) The market characteristics of forest products in China; (5)The development trends of forest products in China.
基金This research was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,grant number 71533005.
文摘Introduction:Effective provision of ecosystem services(ES)and improvements in well-being of residents can be realized through policy interventions of stakeholder behavior.Of the several policies,market-based instruments(MBIs)have become the focus of global attention.Outcomes/others:To couple the theory with practice and solve the key problem of unclear definition of property rights,the framework of MBIs is designed.First,property rights of market creation must be clearly defined,verifiable,transferable,enforceable,and have policy continuity.Then,four key characteristics of MBIs need to be considered in the case design,namely those involving ES,stakeholders,trading mechanisms,and guarantee mechanisms.The Pledge Financing of the Right of the Ecological Public Welfare Forest(PFREPWF)in Lishui City is a typical case of China’s current marketization,which is a supplement and improvement to the ecological compensation policy.Based on clearly defined contract rights,Lishui City has realized the integration of ecological compensation and credit creation.Discussion:The case design still has the problems of lack of quantification and lack of correlations with ES.Conclusion:The theoretical and practical analysis around the market mechanism has reference value for solving market failures and providing environmental services.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 41371143 No. 41171107 Programme of Bingwei Excellent Young Scientists of the Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, No.2011RC201.
文摘The rapid development of high-speed rail （HSR） and air transport in China has encouraged research on the spatial effects and safety of these two modes of transport, and on the competition between them. We report here an investigation of the effects of competi- tion between HSR and air transport in China from a geographical perspective. The spatial service hinterlands for HSR and air transport accessible within one and two hours by road transport were investigated using a method based on a geographical information system and the overlapping service hinterlands of HSR and air transport were established. A city with both HSR stations and airports, or that was accessible to HSR stations and airports within a certain travel time by road transport, was defined as the overlapping market. The spatial effects of competition between HSR and air transport at present and in the future were then studied with respect to the planned HSR network and airports. The results showed that both HSR and air transport tend to serve areas with high population densities and well-developed econo- mies and in 2012 most of the population and GDP in China were accessible within two hours by road transport to an HSR station or airport. -the different technical and economic charac- teristics of HSR and air transport determine the advantage markets. Spatially, the service hinterland of HSR mainly focuses on urban agglomerations and economic corridors in the eastern and central regions, whereas air transport has a competitive advantage in the more inaccessible western region of China. The overlapping market of HSR and air transport will become increasingly large in the future and cities with a population of over one million and cities within 30 km to both airports and HSR stations will become the major competitive markets. Considering the cost of construction and the number of passengers required for economic operation, as well as the competition with air transport, it is suggested that the construction of some HSR projects in the western region of China should be canceled or slowed down.
基金Supported by ITTO Project"Creating and Sustaining a Market for Environmental Services from China's Tropical Forest"[PD 295/04 Rev.2(M)]
文摘Climate change has posed a great risk and treats to global environment.To address the problem,international community resorts to carbon emission reduction,and many countries have implemented afforestation and reforestation project under Clean Development Mechanism.China started the research and has done a great load of works on forest carbon trade as early as the year of 2002 to contribute to the carbon emission reduction.This paper introduces the implementation of forest carbon trade in Heyuan City,Guan...
文摘Of the many services that forests provide, hydrological services are among the most valuable, and it becomes more scarce with the growing demands by human beings. As a kind of incentive measure for protecting forest, forest hydrological services markets have been developed in many countries around the world and some valuable experiences have been achieved. The paper reviews the experiments carried out in the world and their research findings on forest hydrological services market, and presents the issues to be studied for the establishment of future water services market.
文摘With the analyses of the reasons for the emergence of domestic and overseas markets for forest environmental service and its significance, this paper summarizes the progress in the research on the market and reviews the operations of the markets for 4 kinds of forest environmental services that are watershed protection services, biodiversity protection services, carbon sequestration services and landscape services. At the end, the paper discusses the major problems arising in the creation of markets for environmental services and the developing tendency.
