Objective:To evaluate the efficiency of an implanted chip system for the control of heart rate (HR). Methods: The HR was recorded in six conscious Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. An implanted chip system was designed to reg...Objective:To evaluate the efficiency of an implanted chip system for the control of heart rate (HR). Methods: The HR was recorded in six conscious Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. An implanted chip system was designed to regulate the HR by stimulating the right cervical vagus nerve according to the feedback of real time HR. Each rat was subjected to 30-min regulation and 30-min recovery. The change of HR during the regulation period was compared with the control. The ECG was recorded during the experiment for 24 h. Results: The ECG signals were successfully recorded during the experiment. The HR was significantly decreased during the period of regulation compared with control (-79.3±34.5, P<0.01, n=6) and then recovered to normal after regulation. Conclusion: The described implanted chip system can regulate the HR to a designated set point.展开更多
Molecular diagnostics is one of the most important tools currently in use for clinical pathogen detection due to its high sensitivity,specificity,and low consume of sample and reagent is keyword to low cost molecular ...Molecular diagnostics is one of the most important tools currently in use for clinical pathogen detection due to its high sensitivity,specificity,and low consume of sample and reagent is keyword to low cost molecular diagnostics.In this paper,a sensitive DNA isothermal amplifi-cation method for fast clinical infectious diseases diagnostics at aM concentrations of DNA was developed using a polycarbonate(PC)microfuidic chip.A portable confocal optical fuo-rescence detector was specifically developed for the microfuidic chip that was capable of highly sensitive real-time detection of amplified products for sequence-specific molecular identification near the optical diffraction limit with low background.The molecular diagnostics of Listeria monocytogenes with nucleic acid extracted from stool samples was performed at a minimum DNA template concentration of 3.65 aM,and a detection limit of less than five copies of genomic DNA.Contrast to the general polymerase chain reaction(PCR)at eppendorf(EP)tube,the detection time in our developed method was reduced from 1.5h to 45 min for multi-target parallel detection,the consume of sample and reagent was dropped from 25μL to 1.45μL.This novel microfuidic chip system and method can be used to develop a micro total analysis system as a clinically relevant pathogen molecular diagnostics method via the amplification of targets,with potential applications in biotechnology,medicine,and clinical molecular diagnostics.展开更多
目的:分析骨髓增殖性肿瘤(MPN)患者不确定潜能的克隆性造血(CHIP)相关基因突变谱和临床特征,探讨CHIP相关基因与其心脑血管事件(CCE)的相关性及可能作用机制。方法:回顾性分析2019年8月-2022年7月首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院血液科收...目的:分析骨髓增殖性肿瘤(MPN)患者不确定潜能的克隆性造血(CHIP)相关基因突变谱和临床特征,探讨CHIP相关基因与其心脑血管事件(CCE)的相关性及可能作用机制。方法:回顾性分析2019年8月-2022年7月首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院血液科收治的73例MPN患者的临床资料和二代测序结果,采用Logistic回归分析CHIP相关基因、炎症细胞因子对MPN患者CCE的影响。结果:55例(75.3%)MPN患者检出CHIP相关基因,原发性血小板增多症(ET)和真性红细胞增多症(PV)患者CHIP相关基因各突变频率差异无统计学意义。CHIP相关基因突变以单基因形式为主,检出率从高至低依次为JAK2V617F(63.0%,46/73)、ASXL1(16.4%,12/73)、TET2(11.0%,8/73)、DNMT3A(9.6%,7/73)、SRSF2(6.9%,5/73)、SF3B1(4.1%,3/73)、TP53(1.4%,1/73)和PPMID(1.4%,1/73)。年龄>60岁患者CHIP相关基因检出率明显高于≤60岁者[91.7%(33/36)vs 59.5%(22/37)]。27例(37.0%)MPN患者伴CCE(MPN/CCE),2次CCE者5例,均为动脉事件。CCE组患者年龄(62.8±12.8 vs 53.9±15.8岁,P=0.015)、IL-1β水平(17.7±26.0vs 4.3±8.6,P=0.012)、IL-8水平(360.7±598.6 vs 108.3±317.0,P=0.045)、血栓形成史(29.6%vs 2.2%,P=0.020)和CHIP相关基因检出率(88.9%vs 67.4%,P=0.040)高于无CCE组。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄(OR=0.917,95%CI:0.843-0.999,P=0.047)、血栓形成史(OR=34.148,95%CI:2.392-487.535,P=0.009)、任何1个CHIP相关基因突变(OR=16.065,95%CI:1.217-212.024,P=0.035)和IL-1β水平升高(OR=0.929,95%CI:0.870-0.992,P=0.027)均是MPN/CCE的独立危险因素;CHIP相关单基因突变与MPN/CCE无关,但DNMT3A(OR=88.717,95%CI:2.690-292.482,P=0.012)、ASXL1(OR=7.941,95%CI:1.045-60.353,P=0.045)突变是PV/CCE的独立危险因素。结论:MPN患者CHIP相关基因突变率高,尤其是60岁以上患者;高龄、血栓形成史、CHIP相关基因突变和IL-1β水平升高是MPN发生CCE的独立危险因素。DNMT3A、ASXL1单基因突变是PV患者CCE的独立危险因素。CHIP相关基因突变及炎症细胞因子IL-1β升高是MPN新的CCE危险因素。展开更多
Copper-based azide(Cu(N_(3))2 or CuN_(3),CA)chips synthesized by in-situ azide reaction and utilized in miniaturized explosive systems has become a hot research topic in recent years.However,the advantages of in-situ ...Copper-based azide(Cu(N_(3))2 or CuN_(3),CA)chips synthesized by in-situ azide reaction and utilized in miniaturized explosive systems has become a hot research topic in recent years.However,the advantages of in-situ synthesis method,including small size and low dosage,bring about difficulties in quantitative analysis and differences in ignition capabilities of CA chips.The aim of present work is to develop a simplified quantitative analysis method for accurate and safe analysis of components in CA chips to evaluate and investigate the corresponding ignition ability.In this work,Cu(N_(3))2 and CuN_(3)components in CA chips were separated through dissolution and distillation by utilizing the difference in solubility and corresponding content was obtained by measuring N_(3)-concentration through spectrophotometry.The spectrophotometry method was optimized by studying influencing factors and the recovery rate of different separation methods was studied,ensuring the accuracy and reproducibility of test results.The optimized method is linear in range from 1.0-25.0 mg/L,with a correlation coefficient R^(2)=0.9998,which meets the requirements of CA chips with a milligram-level content test.Compared with the existing ICP method,component analysis results of CA chips obtained by spectrophotometry are closer to real component content in samples and have satisfactory accuracy.Moreover,as its application in miniaturized explosive systems,the ignition ability of CA chips with different component contents for direct ink writing CL-20 and the corresponding mechanism was studied.This study provided a basis and idea for the design and performance evaluation of CA chips in miniaturized explosive systems.展开更多
On-demand droplet sorting is extensively applied for the efficient manipulation and genome-wide analysis of individual cells.However,state-of-the-art microfluidic chips for droplet sorting still suffer from low sortin...On-demand droplet sorting is extensively applied for the efficient manipulation and genome-wide analysis of individual cells.However,state-of-the-art microfluidic chips for droplet sorting still suffer from low sorting speeds,sample loss,and labor-intensive preparation procedures.Here,we demonstrate the development of a novel microfluidic chip that integrates droplet generation,on-demand electrostatic droplet charging,and high-throughput sorting.The charging electrode is a copper wire buried above the nozzle of the microchannel,and the deflecting electrode is the phosphate buffered saline in the microchannel,which greatly simplifies the structure and fabrication process of the chip.Moreover,this chip is capable of high-frequency droplet generation and sorting,with a frequency of 11.757 kHz in the drop state.The chip completes the selective charging process via electrostatic induction during droplet generation.On-demand charged microdroplets can arbitrarilymove to specific exit channels in a three-dimensional(3D)-deflected electric field,which can be controlled according to user requirements,and the flux of droplet deflection is thereby significantly enhanced.Furthermore,a lossless modification strategy is presented to improve the accuracy of droplet deflection or harvest rate from 97.49% to 99.38% by monitoring the frequency of droplet generation in real time and feeding it back to the charging signal.This chip has great potential for quantitative processing and analysis of single cells for elucidating cell-to-cell variations.展开更多
First-Input-First-Output (FIFO) buffers are extensively used in contemporary digital processors and System-on-Chips (SoC). There are synchronous FIFOs and asycnrhonous FIFOs. And different sized FIFOs should be implem...First-Input-First-Output (FIFO) buffers are extensively used in contemporary digital processors and System-on-Chips (SoC). There are synchronous FIFOs and asycnrhonous FIFOs. And different sized FIFOs should be implemented in different ways. FIFOs are used not only for the pipeline design within a processor, for the inter-processor communication networks, for example Network-on-Chips (NoCs), but also for the peripherals and the clock domain crossing at the whole SoC level. In this paper, we review the interface, the circuit implementation, and the various usages of FIFOs in various levels of the digital design. We can find that the usage of FIFOs could greatly facilitate the signal storage, signal decoupling, signal transfer, power domain separation and power domain crossing in digital systems. We hope that more attentions are paid to the usages of synchronous and asynchronous FIFOs and more sophististicated usages are discovered by the digital design communities.展开更多
The propagation of single-event effects(SEEs)on a Xilinx Zynq-7000 system on chip(SoC)was inves-tigated using heavy-ion microbeam radiation.The irradia-tion results reveal several functional blocks’sensitivity locati...The propagation of single-event effects(SEEs)on a Xilinx Zynq-7000 system on chip(SoC)was inves-tigated using heavy-ion microbeam radiation.The irradia-tion results reveal several functional blocks’sensitivity locations and cross sections,for instance,the arithmetic logic unit,register,D-cache,and peripheral,while irradi-ating the on-chip memory(OCM)region.Moreover,event tree analysis was executed based on the obtained microbeam irradiation results.This study quantitatively assesses the probabilities of SEE propagation from the OCM to other blocks in the SoC.展开更多
In order to deal with the limitations during the register transfer level verification, a new functional verification method based on the random testing for the system-level of system-on-chip is proposed.The validity o...In order to deal with the limitations during the register transfer level verification, a new functional verification method based on the random testing for the system-level of system-on-chip is proposed.The validity of this method is proven theoretically.Specifically, testcases are generated according to many approaches of randomization.Moreover, the testbench for the system-level verification according to the proposed method is designed by using advanced modeling language.Therefore, under the circumstances that the testbench generates testcases quickly, the hardware/software co-simulation and co-verification can be implemented and the hardware/software partitioning planning can be evaluated easily.The comparison method is put to use in the evaluation approach of the testing validity.The evaluation result indicates that the efficiency of the partition testing is better than that of the random testing only when one or more subdomains are covered over with the area of errors, although the efficiency of the random testing is generally better than that of the partition testing.The experimental result indicates that this method has a good performance in the functional coverage and the cost of testing and can discover the functional errors as soon as possible.展开更多
Endothelial cells arranged on the vessel lumen are constantly stimulated by blood flow,blood pressure and pressureinduced cyclic stretch.These stimuli are sensed through mechanical sensory structures and converted int...Endothelial cells arranged on the vessel lumen are constantly stimulated by blood flow,blood pressure and pressureinduced cyclic stretch.These stimuli are sensed through mechanical sensory structures and converted into a series of functional responses through mechanotransduction pathways.The process will eventually affect vascular health.Therefore,there has been an urgent need to establish in vitro endothelial biomechanics and mechanobiology of models,which reproduce three-dimensional structure vascular system.In recent years,the rapid development in microfluidic technology makes it possible to replicate the key structural and functionally biomechanical characteristics of vessels.Here,we summarized the progress of microfluidic chips used for the investigation of endothelial biomechanics and mechanobiology of the vascular system.Firstly,we elucidated the contribution of shear stress and circumferential stress,to vascular physiology.Then,we reviewed some applications using microfluidic technology in angiogenesis and vasculogenesis,endothelial permeability and mechanotransduction,as well as the blood-brain barrier under these physical forces.Finally,we discussed the future obstacles in terms of the development and application of microfluidic vascular chips.展开更多
Energetic particle radiation diagnoses mainly detect the particles(such as neutrons,gamma rays,hard X-rays,and escaping electrons)that are radiated in the discharge process of the experimental advanced superconducting...Energetic particle radiation diagnoses mainly detect the particles(such as neutrons,gamma rays,hard X-rays,and escaping electrons)that are radiated in the discharge process of the experimental advanced superconducting tokamak device to characterize the operating state of the plasma in real time.The upgrading of these diagnoses requires new instruments based on national(here,“national”means developed and produced by a Chinese company)core chips and open-source software with advanced digitization,a high sampling rate,and a high time resolution.The new spectroscopy system designed in this study adopts the national field-programmable gate array(FPGA)and an analog-to-digital converter as the core chip,and it is developed using Qt on Linux.The communication between the FPGA and embedded controller occurs via a high-speed peripheral component interconnect eXtension for instrument express protocol with a direct memory access mode.On this basis,the time resolution of the system is improved from 2 to 1 ms,the maximum channel address is increased to 4096,and the sampling rate is increased from 10 to 80 Msps.Calibration experiments of the spectroscopy system with 152Eu and 137Cs sources demonstrate that the best energy resolution is 0.27%and the measurement error is less than±0.5 keV.展开更多
Presents a one grade adaptive controller with one reference model which is built according to δ MRACS adaptive control theory and used to control an actual high order hydraulic system, and the whole hardware system u...Presents a one grade adaptive controller with one reference model which is built according to δ MRACS adaptive control theory and used to control an actual high order hydraulic system, and the whole hardware system used, which includes a AT89C51 single chip microcomputer, 74Ls373 flip latch, 6116 store, eight bit ADC0809, and so on, and the satisfactory results obtained in study on hydraulic control system.展开更多
Single-event effects(SEEs)induced by mediumenergy protons in a 28 nm system-on-chip(SoC)were investigated at the China Institute of Atomic Energy.An on-chip memory block was irradiated with 90 MeV and 70 MeV protons,r...Single-event effects(SEEs)induced by mediumenergy protons in a 28 nm system-on-chip(SoC)were investigated at the China Institute of Atomic Energy.An on-chip memory block was irradiated with 90 MeV and 70 MeV protons,respectively.Single-bit upset and multicell upset events were observed,and an uppermost number of nine upset cells were discovered in the 90 MeV proton irradiation test.The results indicate that the SEE sensitivities of the 28 nm SoC to the 90 MeV and 70 MeV protons were similar.Cosmic Ray Effects on Micro-Electronics Monte Carlo simulations were analyzed,and it demonstrates that protons can induce effects in a 28 nm SoC if their energies are greater than 1.4 MeV and that the lowest corresponding linear energy transfer was 0.142 MeV cm^2 mg^-1.The similarities and discrepancies of the SEEs induced by the 90 MeV and 70 MeV protons were analyzed.展开更多
As an outstanding asymmetric cryptography,RSA al gorithm has a lot of virtues and thus is well applied in the scope of IC card applications. T he paper deals with the application of RSA in smart cards and the approach...As an outstanding asymmetric cryptography,RSA al gorithm has a lot of virtues and thus is well applied in the scope of IC card applications. T he paper deals with the application of RSA in smart cards and the approach in wh ich the modular exponentiation of huge number is simplified by using the Chinese Remainder Theorem. We have already succeeded in completing RSA in IC cards. Res ults indicate that RSA algorithm applied in IC cards has the equivalent speed of DES algorithm with the same environment.展开更多
CHIP(carboxyl terminus of Hsc70-interacting protein)又称STUB1(STIP1 homology and U-box containing protein 1),是一种分子伴侣结合蛋白,具有E3泛素连接酶活性.研究表明,CHIP蛋白在细胞体内通过蛋白质量控制系统调控细胞代谢、分...CHIP(carboxyl terminus of Hsc70-interacting protein)又称STUB1(STIP1 homology and U-box containing protein 1),是一种分子伴侣结合蛋白,具有E3泛素连接酶活性.研究表明,CHIP蛋白在细胞体内通过蛋白质量控制系统调控细胞代谢、分化、增殖、迁移和肿瘤发生发展等多种生理病理过程.本文对CHIP在癌症及多种常见疾病中的作用进行综述,以期为临床治疗和药物开发提供潜在突破点.展开更多
In the field of automobile manufacture, during the aluminum alloy cutting, chip forming and breaking process are very complicated. It is affected by many facto rs. Automatic machining process can not be carried throug...In the field of automobile manufacture, during the aluminum alloy cutting, chip forming and breaking process are very complicated. It is affected by many facto rs. Automatic machining process can not be carried through if the chip enlaces t he workpiece or the tool. So the chip control and breaking are key technology. P CD tool has many traits, such as high cutting efficiency, machining precision an d wearability. It is desired that it be used for machining coloured metals.The p aper present the study of prediction of chip breaking when PCD Tool cutting alum inum alloy with chip breaker. In the process of cutting, the method of chip brea king is up-curl-dominant chip. Therefore, based on the theory of chip breaking with chip breaker, used the cutting condition of chip breaking, this paper dedu ce the chip breaking mathematical model when cutting aluminum alloy, that is to say, the chip breaker parameters(Angle of chip break,chip groove width, bevel a ngle, the normal rake angle of chip groove, tool cutting edge angle)influence th e critical feed rate. The following conclusion can be made from theoretic analys is. The critical feed rate will decrease when the Angle of chip break and bevel angle and the normal rake angle of chip groove and tool cutting edge angle incre ase. The critical feed rate will increase when chip groove width increase. The e xperimental results are well coincided with the theoretic ones, it is proved tha t the predicting system is correct.展开更多
Trace amines(TAs)are metabolically related to catecholamine and associated with cancer and neurological disorders.Comprehensive measurement of TAs is essential for understanding pathological processes and providing pr...Trace amines(TAs)are metabolically related to catecholamine and associated with cancer and neurological disorders.Comprehensive measurement of TAs is essential for understanding pathological processes and providing proper drug intervention.However,the trace amounts and chemical instability of TAs challenge quantification.Here,diisopropyl phosphite coupled with chip two-dimensional(2D)liquid chromatography tandem triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry(LC-QQQ/MS)was developed to simultaneously determine TAs and associated metabolites.The results showed that the sensitivities of TAs increased up to 5520 times compared with those using nonderivatized LC-QQQ/MS.This sensitive method was utilized to investigate their alterations in hepatoma cells after treatment with sorafenib.The significantly altered TAs and associated metabolites suggested that phenylalanine and tyrosine metabolic pathways were related to sorafenib treatment in Hep3B cells.This sensitive method has great potential to elucidate the mechanism and diagnose diseases considering that an increasing number of physiological functions of TAs have been discovered in recent decades.展开更多
Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world,survival rates of breast cancer are rising as screening and treatment improve.Many new technologies applied in the biomedical domain have been born for rapi...Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world,survival rates of breast cancer are rising as screening and treatment improve.Many new technologies applied in the biomedical domain have been born for rapid diagnosis and treatment.In this work,visualization cell microarray chip with threedimensional(3 D)embedded cell scaffold for cell diagnosis and treatment was designed.DNA segment,targeting on breast cancer cells SK-BR-3,were modified with camptothecin and used as model drug.Cell microarray chip system successfully control the diffusion of small molecules and locally introduced the compounds into cells.3 D embedded cell scaffold in the cell array chip afforded an environment with continuous medium supplementary and help controlling the diffusion of small molecules drugs.By cell microarray chip system,SK-BR-3 was targeted screening and killing in one step.Cell microarray chip system can achieve accurate,rapid diagnosis and target treatment of breast cancer cells SK-BR-3 and have a potential to develop to be an effective and accurate drug screen method for evaluating the drug effect of the booming chemicals.展开更多
基金supported by grant from National Nature Science Found (30670767)
文摘Objective:To evaluate the efficiency of an implanted chip system for the control of heart rate (HR). Methods: The HR was recorded in six conscious Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. An implanted chip system was designed to regulate the HR by stimulating the right cervical vagus nerve according to the feedback of real time HR. Each rat was subjected to 30-min regulation and 30-min recovery. The change of HR during the regulation period was compared with the control. The ECG was recorded during the experiment for 24 h. Results: The ECG signals were successfully recorded during the experiment. The HR was significantly decreased during the period of regulation compared with control (-79.3±34.5, P<0.01, n=6) and then recovered to normal after regulation. Conclusion: The described implanted chip system can regulate the HR to a designated set point.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81327005,61361160418,61575100)the National Foundation of High Technology of China(2012 AA020102,2013 AA041201)+2 种基金the National Key Foundation for Exploring Scientific Instruments(2013 YQ190467)the Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation(4142025)the Beijing Lab Foundation,and the Tsinghua Autonomous Research Foundation(2014 Z01001)。
文摘Molecular diagnostics is one of the most important tools currently in use for clinical pathogen detection due to its high sensitivity,specificity,and low consume of sample and reagent is keyword to low cost molecular diagnostics.In this paper,a sensitive DNA isothermal amplifi-cation method for fast clinical infectious diseases diagnostics at aM concentrations of DNA was developed using a polycarbonate(PC)microfuidic chip.A portable confocal optical fuo-rescence detector was specifically developed for the microfuidic chip that was capable of highly sensitive real-time detection of amplified products for sequence-specific molecular identification near the optical diffraction limit with low background.The molecular diagnostics of Listeria monocytogenes with nucleic acid extracted from stool samples was performed at a minimum DNA template concentration of 3.65 aM,and a detection limit of less than five copies of genomic DNA.Contrast to the general polymerase chain reaction(PCR)at eppendorf(EP)tube,the detection time in our developed method was reduced from 1.5h to 45 min for multi-target parallel detection,the consume of sample and reagent was dropped from 25μL to 1.45μL.This novel microfuidic chip system and method can be used to develop a micro total analysis system as a clinically relevant pathogen molecular diagnostics method via the amplification of targets,with potential applications in biotechnology,medicine,and clinical molecular diagnostics.
文摘目的:分析骨髓增殖性肿瘤(MPN)患者不确定潜能的克隆性造血(CHIP)相关基因突变谱和临床特征,探讨CHIP相关基因与其心脑血管事件(CCE)的相关性及可能作用机制。方法:回顾性分析2019年8月-2022年7月首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院血液科收治的73例MPN患者的临床资料和二代测序结果,采用Logistic回归分析CHIP相关基因、炎症细胞因子对MPN患者CCE的影响。结果:55例(75.3%)MPN患者检出CHIP相关基因,原发性血小板增多症(ET)和真性红细胞增多症(PV)患者CHIP相关基因各突变频率差异无统计学意义。CHIP相关基因突变以单基因形式为主,检出率从高至低依次为JAK2V617F(63.0%,46/73)、ASXL1(16.4%,12/73)、TET2(11.0%,8/73)、DNMT3A(9.6%,7/73)、SRSF2(6.9%,5/73)、SF3B1(4.1%,3/73)、TP53(1.4%,1/73)和PPMID(1.4%,1/73)。年龄>60岁患者CHIP相关基因检出率明显高于≤60岁者[91.7%(33/36)vs 59.5%(22/37)]。27例(37.0%)MPN患者伴CCE(MPN/CCE),2次CCE者5例,均为动脉事件。CCE组患者年龄(62.8±12.8 vs 53.9±15.8岁,P=0.015)、IL-1β水平(17.7±26.0vs 4.3±8.6,P=0.012)、IL-8水平(360.7±598.6 vs 108.3±317.0,P=0.045)、血栓形成史(29.6%vs 2.2%,P=0.020)和CHIP相关基因检出率(88.9%vs 67.4%,P=0.040)高于无CCE组。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄(OR=0.917,95%CI:0.843-0.999,P=0.047)、血栓形成史(OR=34.148,95%CI:2.392-487.535,P=0.009)、任何1个CHIP相关基因突变(OR=16.065,95%CI:1.217-212.024,P=0.035)和IL-1β水平升高(OR=0.929,95%CI:0.870-0.992,P=0.027)均是MPN/CCE的独立危险因素;CHIP相关单基因突变与MPN/CCE无关,但DNMT3A(OR=88.717,95%CI:2.690-292.482,P=0.012)、ASXL1(OR=7.941,95%CI:1.045-60.353,P=0.045)突变是PV/CCE的独立危险因素。结论:MPN患者CHIP相关基因突变率高,尤其是60岁以上患者;高龄、血栓形成史、CHIP相关基因突变和IL-1β水平升高是MPN发生CCE的独立危险因素。DNMT3A、ASXL1单基因突变是PV患者CCE的独立危险因素。CHIP相关基因突变及炎症细胞因子IL-1β升高是MPN新的CCE危险因素。
基金the financial support provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11872013).
文摘Copper-based azide(Cu(N_(3))2 or CuN_(3),CA)chips synthesized by in-situ azide reaction and utilized in miniaturized explosive systems has become a hot research topic in recent years.However,the advantages of in-situ synthesis method,including small size and low dosage,bring about difficulties in quantitative analysis and differences in ignition capabilities of CA chips.The aim of present work is to develop a simplified quantitative analysis method for accurate and safe analysis of components in CA chips to evaluate and investigate the corresponding ignition ability.In this work,Cu(N_(3))2 and CuN_(3)components in CA chips were separated through dissolution and distillation by utilizing the difference in solubility and corresponding content was obtained by measuring N_(3)-concentration through spectrophotometry.The spectrophotometry method was optimized by studying influencing factors and the recovery rate of different separation methods was studied,ensuring the accuracy and reproducibility of test results.The optimized method is linear in range from 1.0-25.0 mg/L,with a correlation coefficient R^(2)=0.9998,which meets the requirements of CA chips with a milligram-level content test.Compared with the existing ICP method,component analysis results of CA chips obtained by spectrophotometry are closer to real component content in samples and have satisfactory accuracy.Moreover,as its application in miniaturized explosive systems,the ignition ability of CA chips with different component contents for direct ink writing CL-20 and the corresponding mechanism was studied.This study provided a basis and idea for the design and performance evaluation of CA chips in miniaturized explosive systems.
基金The authors acknowledge the financial support from the NationalNatural Science Foundation ofChina(No.52275562)the Technology Innovation Fund of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(No.2022JYCXJJ015).
文摘On-demand droplet sorting is extensively applied for the efficient manipulation and genome-wide analysis of individual cells.However,state-of-the-art microfluidic chips for droplet sorting still suffer from low sorting speeds,sample loss,and labor-intensive preparation procedures.Here,we demonstrate the development of a novel microfluidic chip that integrates droplet generation,on-demand electrostatic droplet charging,and high-throughput sorting.The charging electrode is a copper wire buried above the nozzle of the microchannel,and the deflecting electrode is the phosphate buffered saline in the microchannel,which greatly simplifies the structure and fabrication process of the chip.Moreover,this chip is capable of high-frequency droplet generation and sorting,with a frequency of 11.757 kHz in the drop state.The chip completes the selective charging process via electrostatic induction during droplet generation.On-demand charged microdroplets can arbitrarilymove to specific exit channels in a three-dimensional(3D)-deflected electric field,which can be controlled according to user requirements,and the flux of droplet deflection is thereby significantly enhanced.Furthermore,a lossless modification strategy is presented to improve the accuracy of droplet deflection or harvest rate from 97.49% to 99.38% by monitoring the frequency of droplet generation in real time and feeding it back to the charging signal.This chip has great potential for quantitative processing and analysis of single cells for elucidating cell-to-cell variations.
文摘First-Input-First-Output (FIFO) buffers are extensively used in contemporary digital processors and System-on-Chips (SoC). There are synchronous FIFOs and asycnrhonous FIFOs. And different sized FIFOs should be implemented in different ways. FIFOs are used not only for the pipeline design within a processor, for the inter-processor communication networks, for example Network-on-Chips (NoCs), but also for the peripherals and the clock domain crossing at the whole SoC level. In this paper, we review the interface, the circuit implementation, and the various usages of FIFOs in various levels of the digital design. We can find that the usage of FIFOs could greatly facilitate the signal storage, signal decoupling, signal transfer, power domain separation and power domain crossing in digital systems. We hope that more attentions are paid to the usages of synchronous and asynchronous FIFOs and more sophististicated usages are discovered by the digital design communities.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11575138,11835006,11690040,11690043,and 11705216)the Innovation Center of Radiation Application(No.KFZC2019050321)the China Scholarships Council program(No.201906280343).
文摘The propagation of single-event effects(SEEs)on a Xilinx Zynq-7000 system on chip(SoC)was inves-tigated using heavy-ion microbeam radiation.The irradia-tion results reveal several functional blocks’sensitivity locations and cross sections,for instance,the arithmetic logic unit,register,D-cache,and peripheral,while irradi-ating the on-chip memory(OCM)region.Moreover,event tree analysis was executed based on the obtained microbeam irradiation results.This study quantitatively assesses the probabilities of SEE propagation from the OCM to other blocks in the SoC.
基金supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program) (2002AA1Z1490)Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education (20040486049)the University Cooperative Research Fund of Huawei Technology Co., Ltd
文摘In order to deal with the limitations during the register transfer level verification, a new functional verification method based on the random testing for the system-level of system-on-chip is proposed.The validity of this method is proven theoretically.Specifically, testcases are generated according to many approaches of randomization.Moreover, the testbench for the system-level verification according to the proposed method is designed by using advanced modeling language.Therefore, under the circumstances that the testbench generates testcases quickly, the hardware/software co-simulation and co-verification can be implemented and the hardware/software partitioning planning can be evaluated easily.The comparison method is put to use in the evaluation approach of the testing validity.The evaluation result indicates that the efficiency of the partition testing is better than that of the random testing only when one or more subdomains are covered over with the area of errors, although the efficiency of the random testing is generally better than that of the partition testing.The experimental result indicates that this method has a good performance in the functional coverage and the cost of testing and can discover the functional errors as soon as possible.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Research Foundation of China(61533016,11827803,31971244,31570947,11772036,11421202 and U20A20390)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFC1102202 and 2016YFC1101101)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(4194079)and the 111 Project(B13003).
文摘Endothelial cells arranged on the vessel lumen are constantly stimulated by blood flow,blood pressure and pressureinduced cyclic stretch.These stimuli are sensed through mechanical sensory structures and converted into a series of functional responses through mechanotransduction pathways.The process will eventually affect vascular health.Therefore,there has been an urgent need to establish in vitro endothelial biomechanics and mechanobiology of models,which reproduce three-dimensional structure vascular system.In recent years,the rapid development in microfluidic technology makes it possible to replicate the key structural and functionally biomechanical characteristics of vessels.Here,we summarized the progress of microfluidic chips used for the investigation of endothelial biomechanics and mechanobiology of the vascular system.Firstly,we elucidated the contribution of shear stress and circumferential stress,to vascular physiology.Then,we reviewed some applications using microfluidic technology in angiogenesis and vasculogenesis,endothelial permeability and mechanotransduction,as well as the blood-brain barrier under these physical forces.Finally,we discussed the future obstacles in terms of the development and application of microfluidic vascular chips.
基金This work was supported by the National MCF Energy Research and Development Program of China(No.2018YFE0302100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12075285).
文摘Energetic particle radiation diagnoses mainly detect the particles(such as neutrons,gamma rays,hard X-rays,and escaping electrons)that are radiated in the discharge process of the experimental advanced superconducting tokamak device to characterize the operating state of the plasma in real time.The upgrading of these diagnoses requires new instruments based on national(here,“national”means developed and produced by a Chinese company)core chips and open-source software with advanced digitization,a high sampling rate,and a high time resolution.The new spectroscopy system designed in this study adopts the national field-programmable gate array(FPGA)and an analog-to-digital converter as the core chip,and it is developed using Qt on Linux.The communication between the FPGA and embedded controller occurs via a high-speed peripheral component interconnect eXtension for instrument express protocol with a direct memory access mode.On this basis,the time resolution of the system is improved from 2 to 1 ms,the maximum channel address is increased to 4096,and the sampling rate is increased from 10 to 80 Msps.Calibration experiments of the spectroscopy system with 152Eu and 137Cs sources demonstrate that the best energy resolution is 0.27%and the measurement error is less than±0.5 keV.
文摘Presents a one grade adaptive controller with one reference model which is built according to δ MRACS adaptive control theory and used to control an actual high order hydraulic system, and the whole hardware system used, which includes a AT89C51 single chip microcomputer, 74Ls373 flip latch, 6116 store, eight bit ADC0809, and so on, and the satisfactory results obtained in study on hydraulic control system.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11575138,11835006,11690040,and 11690043)
文摘Single-event effects(SEEs)induced by mediumenergy protons in a 28 nm system-on-chip(SoC)were investigated at the China Institute of Atomic Energy.An on-chip memory block was irradiated with 90 MeV and 70 MeV protons,respectively.Single-bit upset and multicell upset events were observed,and an uppermost number of nine upset cells were discovered in the 90 MeV proton irradiation test.The results indicate that the SEE sensitivities of the 28 nm SoC to the 90 MeV and 70 MeV protons were similar.Cosmic Ray Effects on Micro-Electronics Monte Carlo simulations were analyzed,and it demonstrates that protons can induce effects in a 28 nm SoC if their energies are greater than 1.4 MeV and that the lowest corresponding linear energy transfer was 0.142 MeV cm^2 mg^-1.The similarities and discrepancies of the SEEs induced by the 90 MeV and 70 MeV protons were analyzed.
文摘As an outstanding asymmetric cryptography,RSA al gorithm has a lot of virtues and thus is well applied in the scope of IC card applications. T he paper deals with the application of RSA in smart cards and the approach in wh ich the modular exponentiation of huge number is simplified by using the Chinese Remainder Theorem. We have already succeeded in completing RSA in IC cards. Res ults indicate that RSA algorithm applied in IC cards has the equivalent speed of DES algorithm with the same environment.
文摘CHIP(carboxyl terminus of Hsc70-interacting protein)又称STUB1(STIP1 homology and U-box containing protein 1),是一种分子伴侣结合蛋白,具有E3泛素连接酶活性.研究表明,CHIP蛋白在细胞体内通过蛋白质量控制系统调控细胞代谢、分化、增殖、迁移和肿瘤发生发展等多种生理病理过程.本文对CHIP在癌症及多种常见疾病中的作用进行综述,以期为临床治疗和药物开发提供潜在突破点.
文摘In the field of automobile manufacture, during the aluminum alloy cutting, chip forming and breaking process are very complicated. It is affected by many facto rs. Automatic machining process can not be carried through if the chip enlaces t he workpiece or the tool. So the chip control and breaking are key technology. P CD tool has many traits, such as high cutting efficiency, machining precision an d wearability. It is desired that it be used for machining coloured metals.The p aper present the study of prediction of chip breaking when PCD Tool cutting alum inum alloy with chip breaker. In the process of cutting, the method of chip brea king is up-curl-dominant chip. Therefore, based on the theory of chip breaking with chip breaker, used the cutting condition of chip breaking, this paper dedu ce the chip breaking mathematical model when cutting aluminum alloy, that is to say, the chip breaker parameters(Angle of chip break,chip groove width, bevel a ngle, the normal rake angle of chip groove, tool cutting edge angle)influence th e critical feed rate. The following conclusion can be made from theoretic analys is. The critical feed rate will decrease when the Angle of chip break and bevel angle and the normal rake angle of chip groove and tool cutting edge angle incre ase. The critical feed rate will increase when chip groove width increase. The e xperimental results are well coincided with the theoretic ones, it is proved tha t the predicting system is correct.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Development Fund,Macao,China(Grant No.:FDCT0044/2018/AFJ).
文摘Trace amines(TAs)are metabolically related to catecholamine and associated with cancer and neurological disorders.Comprehensive measurement of TAs is essential for understanding pathological processes and providing proper drug intervention.However,the trace amounts and chemical instability of TAs challenge quantification.Here,diisopropyl phosphite coupled with chip two-dimensional(2D)liquid chromatography tandem triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry(LC-QQQ/MS)was developed to simultaneously determine TAs and associated metabolites.The results showed that the sensitivities of TAs increased up to 5520 times compared with those using nonderivatized LC-QQQ/MS.This sensitive method was utilized to investigate their alterations in hepatoma cells after treatment with sorafenib.The significantly altered TAs and associated metabolites suggested that phenylalanine and tyrosine metabolic pathways were related to sorafenib treatment in Hep3B cells.This sensitive method has great potential to elucidate the mechanism and diagnose diseases considering that an increasing number of physiological functions of TAs have been discovered in recent decades.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11204033,51773093)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20141397)+4 种基金the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China(No.20120092120042)the CMA L’OREAL CHINA SKIN GRANT 2015(No.S2015121421)the Open Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines,China Pharmaceutical University(No.SKLNMKF201803)Southeast University and Nanjing Medical University Cooperation Project(No.2242018K3DN14)Open Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics,Southeast University
文摘Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world,survival rates of breast cancer are rising as screening and treatment improve.Many new technologies applied in the biomedical domain have been born for rapid diagnosis and treatment.In this work,visualization cell microarray chip with threedimensional(3 D)embedded cell scaffold for cell diagnosis and treatment was designed.DNA segment,targeting on breast cancer cells SK-BR-3,were modified with camptothecin and used as model drug.Cell microarray chip system successfully control the diffusion of small molecules and locally introduced the compounds into cells.3 D embedded cell scaffold in the cell array chip afforded an environment with continuous medium supplementary and help controlling the diffusion of small molecules drugs.By cell microarray chip system,SK-BR-3 was targeted screening and killing in one step.Cell microarray chip system can achieve accurate,rapid diagnosis and target treatment of breast cancer cells SK-BR-3 and have a potential to develop to be an effective and accurate drug screen method for evaluating the drug effect of the booming chemicals.