包裹有CTA1-DD蛋白的OCS-DS纳米颗粒的制备及佐剂活性

重组CTA1-DD蛋白具有与完整CT分子相当的全身性和黏膜佐剂功能,但在复杂的生理环境中易被酶或酸降解。本研究以同样具有佐剂活性的O-羧甲基壳聚糖(OCS)和硫酸葡聚糖(DS)为载体,通过离子交联形成纳米颗粒,将CTA1-DD蛋白嵌入其中,使其得到稳定保护。包裹有CTA1-DD蛋白的OCS-DS纳米颗粒的粒径为50~150 nm,Zeta电位约-50 mV,质量浓度1.0 mg/ml的CTA1-DD蛋白投入制备的包裹有CTA1-DD蛋白的OCS-DS纳米颗粒载药率25.33%,包封率86.56%。体外模拟释放试验结果显示CTA1-DD蛋白可在7 d内缓慢释放。将CTA1-DD蛋白与PRV灭活抗原混合后,接种至小鼠鼻腔,结果表明,包裹有CTA1-DD蛋白的OCS-DS纳米颗粒能够同时诱导更高的血清IgG抗体和黏膜IgA抗体表达,证明了其作为黏膜佐剂的高效性。

基于MCS-SBL算法的配电网故障定位方法

配电网拓扑结构复杂,传统方法往往需要大量测点信息且难以实现快速有效的故障定位,本文提出基于少量测点信息的故障定位方法。首先,利用等效原理建立一个欠定的故障节点电压方程;其次,利用多重测量向量模型的贝叶斯压缩感知算法求解方程,根据重构稀疏电流矩阵的非零元素位置求解故障区域,实现故障定位;最后,在IEEE33节点配电系统上进行仿真实验,结果表明,所提方法仅需要少量测点的故障前后正序电压分量便可有效定位故障,计算速度较快,并且基本不受故障类型、过渡电阻的影响,同时适用于单故障和多重故障的场景,具有较强的抗噪能力。

BC/CS复合水凝胶的3D打印工艺研究

以细菌纤维素(BC)和壳聚糖(CS)为基质的水凝胶同时具有细菌纤维素的高生物相容性和壳聚糖的抗菌性能,在伤口敷料、组织工程等领域获得了广泛的应用,但其3D打印仍面临困难。本文利用BC和CS的物理特性和其交联机制,制备出可用于3D打印的BC/CS复合水凝胶油墨,同时使用纳米粘土作为流变改性剂,提升水凝胶的自支撑能力。对于交联方法,不再采用传统的浸泡方式,使用喷雾器将戊二醛溶液均匀喷洒在打印样品表面,既不会破坏样品的结构,也可以达到交联的目的。接着,构建了一种适合BC/CS复合水凝胶打印的3D打印系统,并在此基础上研究分析了喷头挤出压力、移动速度、打印高度对水凝胶精度的影响。本文提出的方法有望实现BC/CS复合水凝胶的墨水直写(DIW)打印提供指导。

Cs/O沉积Na_(2)KSb光电阴极表面的第一性原理研究

Na_(2)KSb光电阴极在光电倍增管、图像增强器、真空电子源等领域具有重要应用.为指导高灵敏度Na_(2)KSb光电阴极的制备,采用第一性原理计算方法,研究不同表面取向和原子终止面的Na_(2)KSb表面模型,获得稳定且最有利于电子发射的表面结构.基于该表面进一步研究了不同覆盖度下的Cs原子沉积和Cs/O原子共沉积对Na_(2)KSb表面电子结构和光学性质的影响.对比表面能、吸附能和吸附前后的功函数结果表明,Na_(2)KSb(111)K表面具有优越的电子发射能力以及良好的稳定性.当Na_(2)KSb(111)K表面吸附2/4单层的Cs原子和1/4单层O原子时,获得最大功函数下降量0.16 eV.表面吸附Cs/O原子有利于电荷往表面上方转移,并产生电荷累积,能形成有效表面偶极矩.通过分析能带结构和态密度,发现吸附Cs原子对导带底存在额外的能带贡献,且引入O原子吸附后价带发生上移.此外,吸附Cs/O原子有利于增强表面近红外光吸收,但是会导致表面紫外和可见光吸收变差.

Activation of endogenous neurogenesis and angiogenesis by basic fibroblast growth factor-chitosan gel in an adult rat model of ischemic stroke

Attempts have been made to use cell transplantation and biomaterials to promote cell proliferation,differentiation,migration,and survival,as well as angiogenesis,in the context of brain injury.However,whether bioactive materials can repair the damage caused by ischemic stroke by activating endogenous neurogenesis and angiogenesis is still unknown.In this study,we applied chitosan gel loaded with basic fibroblast growth factor to the stroke cavity 7 days after ischemic stroke in rats.The gel slowly released basic fibroblast growth factor,which improved the local microenvironment,activated endogenous neural stem/progenitor cells,and recruited these cells to migrate toward the penumbra and stroke cavity and subsequently differentiate into neurons,while enhancing angiogenesis in the penumbra and stroke cavity and ultimately leading to partial functional recovery.This study revealed the mechanism by which bioactive materials repair ischemic strokes,thus providing a new strategy for the clinical application of bioactive materials in the treatment of ischemic stroke.

多模态视域下高职课程思政4Cs融合式教学研究——以外贸专业课程为例

高职外贸专业既有语言类专业的人文性、思想性特点、又兼具商贸类专业的社会性、实践性特点。从教学模式的中观层面和教学设计的微观层面展开研究,以课程思政为引领,基于高职教育“以就业为导向”的类型属性,结合外贸类专业的学科特点,以4Cs为理论依据,以多模态教学内容为载体构建高职外贸专业融合式教学模式,并探讨多模态教学对学生知识技能发展和思政育人成果的三重影响,对高职课程思政建设有积极促进作用。

Constructing a biofunctionalized 3D-printed gelatin/sodium alginate/chitosan tri-polymer complex scaffold with improvised biological andmechanical properties for bone-tissue engineering

Sodium alginate(SA)/chitosan(CH)polyelectrolyte scaffold is a suitable substrate for tissue-engineering application.The present study deals with further improvement in the tensile strength and biological properties of this type of scaffold to make it a potential template for bone-tissue regeneration.We experimented with adding 0%–15%(volume fraction)gelatin(GE),a protein-based biopolymer known to promote cell adhesion,proliferation,and differentiation.The resulting tri-polymer complex was used as bioink to fabricate SA/CH/GEmatrices by three-dimensional(3D)printing.Morphological studies using scanning electron microscopy revealed the microfibrous porous architecture of all the structures,which had a pore size range of 383–419μm.X-ray diffraction and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analyses revealed the amorphous nature of the scaffold and the strong electrostatic interactions among the functional groups of the polymers,thereby forming polyelectrolyte complexes which were found to improve mechanical properties and structural stability.The scaffolds exhibited a desirable degradation rate,controlled swelling,and hydrophilic characteristics which are favorable for bone-tissue engineering.The tensile strength improved from(386±15)to(693±15)kPa due to the increased stiffness of SA/CH scaffolds upon addition of gelatin.The enhanced protein adsorption and in vitro bioactivity(forming an apatite layer)confirmed the ability of the SA/CH/GE scaffold to offer higher cellular adhesion and a bone-like environment to cells during the process of tissue regeneration.In vitro biological evaluation including the MTT assay,confocal microscopy analysis,and alizarin red S assay showed a significant increase in cell attachment,cell viability,and cell proliferation,which further improved biomineralization over the scaffold surface.In addition,SA/CH containing 15%gelatin designated as SA/CH/GE15 showed superior performance to the other fabricated 3D structures,demonstrating its potential for use in bone-tissue engineering.

Chitosan/Sodium Alginate Multilayer pH-Sensitive Films Based on Layer-by-Layer Self-Assembly for Intelligent Packaging

The abuse of plastic food packaging has brought about severe white pollution issues around the world.Developing green and sustainable biomass packaging is an effective way to solve this problem.Hence,a chitosan/sodium alginate-based multilayer film is fabricated via a layer-by-layer(LBL)self-assembly method.With the help of superior interaction between the layers,the multilayer film possesses excellent mechanical properties(with a tensile strength of 50 MPa).Besides,the film displays outstanding water retention property(blocking moisture of 97.56%)and ultraviolet blocking property.Anthocyanin is introduced into the film to detect the food quality since it is one natural plant polyphenol that is sensitive to the pH changes ranging from 1 to 13 in food when spoilage occurs.It is noted that the film is also bacteriostatic which is desired for food packaging.This study describes a simple technique for the development of advanced multifunctional and fully biodegradable food packaging film and it is a sustainable alternative to plastic packaging.

Simple preparation of C(CS)/g-C_(3)N_(4)/Co carbon aerogel and its catalytic performance for ammonium perchlorate

Biomass chitosan(CS)was used as a template,graphitic phase carbon nitride(g-C_(3)N_(4))with high nitrogen content and certain catalytic activity was used as a dopant,and nano-transition metal cobalt(Co)was used as a catalytic center point.The carbon aerogel(C(CS)/g-C_(3)N_(4)/Co)with a three-dimensional network-like structure was prepared by assembling the three materials through experimental operations such as freeze-drying and high-temperature carbonization.It was demonstrated by scanning and transmission characterization that the CS in the carbon aerogel could provide more active sites for the cobalt nanoparticles,and the doping of graphite-phase carbon nitride as a template dispersed the cobalt nanoparticles and changed the conductivity of the CS.To investigate the catalytic effect of carbon aerogel on ammonium perchlorate(AP),it was investigated by differential thermal analyzer and TG thermal analysis.This carbon aerogel was very effective in catalyzing AP,and the 10 wt% content of the catalyst reduced the AP pyrolysis peak from 703.9 to 595.5 K.And to further investigate the synergistic effect of the three materials,further carbon aerogels such as C(CS)/Co,g-C_(3)N_(4)/Co were prepared and applied to catalyze AP,and the same ratio reduced the AP pyrolysis peak by 98.1℃ and 97.7℃.This result indicates a synergistic effect of the assembly of the three materials.

基于IMOCS-BP神经网络的锂离子电池SOH估计

锂离子电池随着循环充放电次数的增长,其健康状态SOH(state-of-health)会随之发生一定程度的衰减。针对以上问题,设计了一种基于改进的多目标布谷鸟搜索IMOCS(improved multi-objective Cuckoo search)-BP神经网络的锂离子电池健康状态估计方法,在避免算法陷入局部最优的同时自适应改变布谷鸟搜索CS(Cuckoo search)算法更新概率和搜索步长,解决CS算法收敛速度慢和求解精度低的问题。以IMOCS算法和BP神经网络结合,对节点空间范围进行全局搜索,降低权值和阈值的初值对BP神经网络的影响,实现参数优化。通过Matlab仿真,验证了基于IMOCS-BP神经网络的SOH估计算法误差低、性能强,实现了锂电池SOH的精准预测。

Chitosan-based thermosensitive hydrogel with long-term release of murine nerve growth factor for neurotrophic keratopathy

Neurotrophic keratopathy is a persistent defect of the corneal epithelium,with or without stromal ulceration,due to corneal nerve deficiency caused by a variety of etiologies.The treatment options for neurotrophic keratopathy are limited.In this study,an ophthalmic solution was constructed from a chitosan-based thermosensitive hydrogel with long-term release of murine nerve growth factor(CTH-mNGF).Its effectiveness was evaluated in corneal denervation(CD)mice and patients with neurotrophic keratopathy.In the preclinical setting,CTH-mNGF was assessed in a murine corneal denervation model.CTH-mNGF was transparent,thermosensitive,and ensured sustained release of mNGF for over 20 hours on the ocular surface,maintaining the local mNGF concentration around 1300 pg/mL in vivo.Corneal denervation mice treated with CTH-mNGF for 10 days showed a significant increase in corneal nerve area and total corneal nerve length compared with non-treated and CTH treated mice.A subsequent clinical trial of CTH-mNGF was conducted in patients with stage 2 or 3 neurotrophic keratopathy.Patients received topical CTH-mNGF twice daily for 8 weeks.Fluorescein sodium images,Schirmer’s test,intraocular pressure,Cochet-Bonnet corneal perception test,and best corrected visual acuity were evaluated.In total,six patients(total of seven eyes)diagnosed with neurotrophic keratopathy were enrolled.After 8 weeks of CTH-mNGF treatment,all participants showed a decreased area of corneal epithelial defect,as stained by fluorescence.Overall,six out of seven eyes had fluorescence staining scores<5.Moreover,best corrected visual acuity,intraocular pressure,Schirmer’s test and Cochet-Bonnet corneal perception test results showed no significant improvement.An increase in corneal nerve density was observed by in vivo confocal microscopy after 8 weeks of CTH-mNGF treatment in three out of seven eyes.This study demonstrates that CTH-mNGF is transparent,thermosensitive,and has sustained-release properties.Its effectiveness in healing corneal epithelial defects in all eyes with neurotrophic keratopathy suggests CTH-mNGF has promising application prospects in the treatment of neurotrophic keratopathy,being convenient and cost effective.

Study of Hemorrhoid Disease in the Department of General Surgery of the Cs Ref of the Commune I Bamako

This work was a retrospective prospective study carried out in the general surgery department of the Cs ref of commune I from January 2009 to December 2012. Our study aimed to determine the hospital frequency of hemorrhoidal disease, to identify the contributing factors, describe the clinical and therapeutic aspects and analyze the surgical consequences. We collected 73 patients with an average age of 37.8 years (range: 19 years and 77 years) with a sex ratio of 2.5 in favor of men. We operated on 49 patients or 67.1% of cases. 71.2% of our patients were married and lived in Bamako. Schoolchildren and middle managers made up 39.8% of cases. 82.2% of patients were seen in ordinary consultation and 69.9% complained of progressive anal pain in 66.7% of cases. This pain was triggered by defecation in 88.2% of our patients. The contributing factors were dominated by constipation (53.4%), working in a seated position (41.1%) and a sedentary lifestyle (16.4%) of cases. Stage IV external hemorrhoids and hemorrhoidal thrombosis represented 53.8% of surgical indications. The most used surgical technique was that of Milligan-Morgan, i.e. 51.9% of cases and 45.2% of patients treated medically received a combination of transit regulator, venotonics and analgesics. The surgical aftermath was marked by hemorrhage (3 cases), delayed healing (5 cases), urinary retention (1 case) and scarring anal stenosis (1 case). The morbidity rate was 5.48% of cases and a zero mortality rate. The average length of hospitalization was 2 days with extremes of 1 and 5 days.

Smart Colorimetric Corn Starch Films Combined with Anthocyanin-Loaded Glutenin-Carboxymethyl Chitosan Nanocomplexes for Freshness Monitoring of Chilled Pork

In this study,intelligent,pH-responsive colorimetric films were prepared by encapsulating anthocyanins in nanocomplexes prepared from glutenin and carboxymethyl chitosan.These nanocomplexes were added to a corn starch matrix and used in the freshness monitoring of chilled pork.The effects of anthocyanin-loaded nanocomplexes on the physical,structural,and functional characteristics of the films were investigated.The addition of anthocyanin-loaded nanocomplexes increased the tensile strength,elongation at break,hydrophobicity,and light transmittance of the films while decreasing their water vapor permeability.This is because new hydrogen bonds are formed between the film components,resulting in a more homogeneous and dense structure.The colorimetric film has a significant color response to pH changes.These films were used in experiments on the freshness of chilled pork,in which the pH changes with changing freshness states.The results show that the colorimetric film can monitor changes in the freshness of chilled pork in real time,where orange,pink,and green represent the fresh,secondary fresh,and putrefied states of pork,respectively.Therefore,the intelligent colorimetric film developed in this study has good application potential in the food industry.

Perception and Management of Hemorroid Disease at the CSREF of the Commune Bamako Mali

This work was a prospective transversal study over 6 (six) months from May 2 to December 31, 2017 at the Reference Health Center of Commune I and the Chérif la Confessional Health Center in Bamako. The aim was to study the knowledge, attitudes and behavioral practices linked to hemorrhoids in Commune I of the Bamako district, to evaluate the frequency of hemorrhoidal disease, to determine the knowledge, attitudes and behavioral practices linked to hemorrhoids among patients, their companions and traditional therapists in Commune I of the district of Bamako and the factors which influence the motivations and decisions to resort to medical-surgical care and traditional medicine in patients suffering from hemorrhoids in order to analyze the results of the management of hemorrhoidal disease at Cs Ref CI. We collected 36 patients with hemorrhoidal disease, 25 caregivers and 15 traditional hemorrhoidal disease therapists. The sex ratio was 1.25 for patients;6.5 for traditional therapists and 1.5 for accompanying people. The average age of the patients was 32.75 years;49 years for traditional therapists and 28.76 years for those accompanying them. 55.6% of patients claim to know about hemorrhoidal disease;100% of traditional therapists and 80% of accompanying people. The dietary factor of hemorrhoidal disease was mentioned by 90% of patients;66.7% of traditional therapists and 100% of caregivers. Most patients initially resorted to traditional treatment out of fear of surgery and its after-effects. The patients were treated medically and surgically.

基于改进CS算法的移动网络海量数据低能耗传输方法

移动网络数据传输过程未考虑数据间相关性,导致数据传输能耗大,对此文章提出了基于改进CS算法的移动网络海量数据低能耗传输方法。文章分析移动网络海量数据传输能耗,引入混沌扰动系数改进CS算法。在此基础上选取改进CS的双簇头,解决传统方法数据传输路径长的问题,设计静态、动态传输队列低能耗传输模式。由实验结果可知,该方法数据传输完整,不同工作模式下,使用基于改进CS算法最高耗能为2 J,耗能较低,该方法将指导移动网络在工业应用中的实现。

Adding chitosan nanoparticles of green tea extract in diluent and thawing temperatures ameliorate the post-thawed quality of Boer buck semen

Objective:To improve the quality of post-thawing Boer buck semen for artificial insemination by adding green tea extract chitosan nanoparticles to skimmed egg yolk diluent,and the proper thawing temperature.Methods:The ejaculate of Boer buck was added to skimmed egg yolk diluent without(the control group)and with adding 1μg of chitosan nanoparticles of green tea extract per mL of diluent(the treatment group).Then,the diluted semen was filled in French mini straws containing 60×106 live sperm per straw,frozen in a standard protocol,and stored as frozen semen at−196℃for a week.Six replicates from each group were diluted for 30 s at 37℃or 39℃sterile water to evaluate the semen quality.Results:Post-thawing(at 37℃or 39℃)of live sperm,progressive motility,and plasma membrane integrity were lower compared to those of the pre-freezing stage(P<0.05).Thawing at 37℃resulted in no significant difference in live sperm,progressive motility,and plasma membrane between the control group and the treatment group(P>0.05).The live sperm,progressive motility,and plasma membrane of the treatment group in the pre-freezing stage,and post-thawed at 39℃were higher compared to those of the control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in malondialdehyde(MDA)concentration,DNA fragmentation,and catalase concentration of thawing at 37℃compared to those of 39℃in the same group.The MDA concentration and DNA fragmentation in thawing at 37℃and 39℃of the treatment group were significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).However,the catalase concentration in thawing at 37℃and 39℃of the treatment group was not significantly different than the control group(P>0.05).Conclusions:Higher quality post-thawing Boer buck semen is achieved by adding 1μg/mL of chitosan nanoparticles of green tea extract to the skimmed egg yolk diluent and thawing at 39℃.

Cs_(2)(Ag∶Cu)BiBr_(6)双钙钛矿太阳能电池

采用水热法合成了Cu^(+)掺杂的Cs_(2)AgBiBr_(6)双钙钛矿并基于其制备了太阳能电池。通过紫外-可见光吸收光谱、荧光发射光谱、X射线光电子能谱、单色光量子效率光谱及光电流-电压曲线等手段对其光电性能进行探究。研究发现,Cu^(+)掺杂能够显著增强Cs_(2)AgBiBr_(6)粉末样品的光学吸收,但对于薄膜样品几乎没有效果,这是由于Cu相双钙钛矿在溶于二甲基亚砜的过程中会发生分解。实验结果表明,当Cu^(+)掺杂量较低时,太阳能电池的光电转化效率显著提升,这是由于Cu^(+)掺杂对Cs_(2)AgBiBr_(6)薄膜结晶过程的调控作用,微量Cu^(+)掺杂能够显著降低钙钛矿薄膜的缺陷态密度。最终,基于Cu^(+)掺杂的太阳能电池获得了最高1.93%的能量转化效率。

Extraction, Production and Quality Evaluation of Margarine from Oil Extracted from Waste Biomass Peels of Avocado and Virgin Coconut Oil, Using Chitosan from Reared Shells as Preservative

The production and consumption of avocado pears generates tons of wastes, mainly the pear peels which are usually discarded, although they have been reported to contain important phyto-chemicals with biological activities. The adverse health effect associated with the consumption of saturated lipid based foods has ignited research on reformulation of lipid based foods to eliminate Trans Fatty Acids (TFAs). This study was thus aimed at the extraction and characterization of oil from Avocado Peels (APO) and evaluation of the quality of margarine produced from it. Five verities of pear were used for oil extraction by soxhlet method and physiochemical, oxidative, functional and antioxidant characterization was done. Margarines were formulated using a central composite design using oil blends of APO and Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) with an oil ratio of 10:90, 40:60, 70:30 respectively, varied blending speed, blending time, and chitosan concentration. Samples were characterized and the effect of process parameters on the physiochemical and functional properties of the margarine studied. Optimized conditions were used to produce samples for sensory evaluation. Color, spreadability, aroma, taste and general acceptability was evaluated using ranking difference test. The results showed that the yield, density, and iodine values of APOs oils ranged from 14.91 ± 0.18 to 11.76 ± 0.46;0.93 ± 0.001 to 0.99 ± 0.1;46.63 ± 1.70 to 52.4 ± 0.63, their acid values, TBA and PV values ranged from 1.42 ± 0.39 to 1.97 ± 0.5;0.11 ± 0.002 to 0.18 ± 0.04;and 2.72 ± 0.14 to 4.43 ± 0.36 respectively, with Brogdon avocado peel variety having the overall best properties prepared blends of trans-free APO margarines showed that increase in APO ratio decreased melting point, increased oxidative stability and reduced moisture content of margarine samples. Chitosan addition leads to decrease moisture content and increase functional properties. VCO lead to increase in phenolic and flavonoid content of the margarines. Samples were spreadable and palatable with R20 being most palatable and the most accepted being R26 with a mean score of 7.07 ± 0.70. Decrease in color intensity increased acceptability. This study therefore demonstrated that avocado peel waste biomass can be valorized by using it as raw material for oil extraction, which can serve as good material for the production of trans-free margarines with good oxidative stability, functional and antioxidant properties.

ZnO Incorporated Acrylamide Grafted Chitosan Based Composite Film for Advanced Wound Healing Applications

This study was carried out to prepare ZnO nanoparticles incorporated acrylamide grafted chitosan composite film for possible biomedical application especially drug loading in wound healing. ZnO nanoparticles were prepared by co-precipitation method from zinc acetate di-hydrate and incorporated in acrylamide grafted chitosan. FT-IR and TGA of the prepared composite film confirmed the successful incorporation of ZnO nanoparticles in the acrylamide-grafted polymer matrix. SEM images showed that the ZnO nanoparticles were homogeneously distributed on the porous matrix of the composite film. Water uptake and buffer uptake analysis revealed that the composite film could hold water and buffer sufficiently, which facilitated the absorption of exudate from the wound site. Amoxicillin was loaded in the prepared composite film and the maximum loading efficiency was found to be 67.33% with drug concentration of 300 ppm. In vitro studies showed greater antimicrobial activity of drug-loaded composite film compared to both pure film and standard antibiotic disc. Finally, the In vivo mouse model showed maximum healing efficiency compared to conventional gauge bandages because the loading of antibiotic in the film produced a synergistic effect and healing time was reduced.

混凝土CS改性剂掺量对C30和C40混凝土性能影响研究

研究了混凝土CS改性剂掺量对C30和C40混凝土新拌性能和力学性能的影响。结果表明,水泥用量在减少10%的前提下,CS改性剂均改善了C30和C40混凝土的新拌工作性;CS改性剂可以显著促进C30和C40混凝土强度的发展,掺量越高效果越显著,且在C40体系效果优于C30体系。