Chlorine poisoning caused by improper mixing of household disinfectants during the COVID-19 pandemic:Case series

BACKGROUND Misuse of disinfectants during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has led to several poisoning incidents.However,there are few clinical case reports on poisoning caused by improper mixing of household disinfectants.AIM To summarize the clinical characteristics and treatment effects of chlorine poisoning caused by improper mixing of hypochlorite bleach with acidic cleaning agents.METHODS We retrospectively analyzed baseline and clinical data,clinical symptoms,and treatment methods of seven patients with chlorine poisoning who were admitted to the National Army Poisoning Treatment Center.RESULTS Among the seven patients,the average poisoning time(exposure to admission)was 57 h(4-240 h).All patients were involved in cleaning bathrooms.Chest computed tomography scans revealed bilateral lung effusions or inflammatory changes in five patients.The partial pressure of oxygen decreased in six patients,and respiratory failure occurred in one.Five patients had different degrees of increase in white blood cell count.Humidified oxygen therapy,non-invasive mechanical ventilation,anti-inflammatory corticosteroids,antioxidants,and antibiotics were administered for treatment.The average length of hospital stay was 7 d(4-9 d).All seven patients recovered and were discharged.CONCLUSION Improper mixing of household disinfectants may cause damage to the respiratory system due to chlorine poisoning.Corticosteroids may improve lung exudation in severe cases,and symptomatic supportive treatment should be performed early.

Studies of non-metallic organic disinfectants on inactivation of avian influenza viruses

Six different kinds of non-metallic or organic disinfectants were obtained in this research study including “Neutral Electrolyzed Water”, “M22” organic disinfectant solution, Superoxy Food Wash disinfectant, Hydrogen Peroxide, Clorox Germicidal Bleach and Clidox-S. The effectiveness of these disinfectants was studied against various subtypes of avian influenza virus (AIV). The virus-disinfectant mixtures were prepared in serial dilutions of each disinfectant with a constant virus titer and incubated at ambient temperature in different time intervals for virus inactivation. The virus inactivation results were determined by virus recovery in embryonating chicken eggs. Among the six different kinds of nonmetallic disinfectants obtained for this research project, Neutral Electrolyzed Water, “M22” solution, Clorox Germicidal Bleach and Clidox-S were effectively inactivated AIV with appropriate working dilutions and reaction times. Superoxy Food Wash disinfectant and Hydrogen Peroxide were found having limited effect on virus inactivation with extended exposure times of more than 2 hours. These research findings provide scientific data to poultry industry with guidelines to select and use non-metallic organic disinfectants for poultry flock sanitation and disinfection to effectively prevent and control of avian influenza outbreaks.

叶面消毒对桑叶有机养分的影响

测定了经漂白粉和消特灵两种药物在不同时间、不同浓度进行消毒处理的桑叶内的蛋白质、还原糖、总糖、脂肪的含量,分析了漂白粉和消特灵在消毒过程中对桑叶内蛋白质、还原糖、总糖、脂肪含量的影响。结果表明,有机养分的降解与消毒剂浓度及消毒时间有关,消毒剂的有效氯浓度在0.3％左右,对桑叶有机养分的破坏较小。

三种含氯消毒剂杀灭嗜肺军团菌效果的比较

目的 对优氯净、84消毒液、漂白粉杀灭悬液中嗜肺军团菌效果进行比较。方法 应用悬液定量杀菌试验观察优氯净、84消毒液、漂白粉溶液对嗜肺军团菌的杀灭作用。结果 有效氯含量 10 0 mg/L 优氯净、84消毒液、漂白粉溶液分别对嗜肺军团菌作用 1、5、10 min,杀灭率均为 10 0 %。结论 优氯净杀灭悬液中嗜肺军团菌效果最好。

二氧化氯的生产和应用评述

详细评述了 2 0世纪二氧化氯的主要生产工艺和制备方法及二氧化氯作为漂白剂、消毒杀菌剂、水处理剂等在多种行业中的应用 ,分析展望了 2 1世纪二氧化氯的生产和应用前景 ,认为应在我国大力发展二氧化氯的生产并促进其应用。

稳定型消毒漂白洗衣粉的研制及性能实验

①目的 研制多功能稳定型消毒漂白洗衣粉并试验产品性能。②方法 采用微囊化技术处理消毒漂白活性成分而研制成稳定型洗衣粉 ,从产品消毒灭菌和漂白效果及稳定性方面来评价洗衣粉性能。③结果 新型洗衣粉能有效杀灭金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌及枯草杆菌黑色变种芽胞 ,可破坏HBsAg ;洗衣粉漂白增白效果显著 ,稳定性良好。④结论 该洗衣粉性能优越、稳定性好 。

二氧化氯的制备及应用

介绍ClO2的主要生产制备方法和ClO2作为漂白剂、消毒杀菌剂、水处理剂等在多种行业中的应用,分析展望ClO2的生产和应用前景。

稳定性二氧化氯的制备及应用

介绍了稳定性 Cl O2 的主要制备方法及其应用。Cl O2 可广泛用作水处理及食品和日用化学工业中的消毒剂 ,也可用作纸张的漂白剂。

过氧乙酸与漂白粉对医院污水消毒效果的比较

经试验比较，同以０．０２０％浓度（漂白粉按有效氯含量计，下同）作用１小时，过氧乙酸可使医院污水中细菌总数减少９９．９９％，而漂白粉仅为９８．６２％。浓度同为０．００５％时，过氧乙酸作用１５分钟即可将污水中大肠菌群数减至＜５００ｃｆｕ／Ｌ，漂白粉则需作用１小时。

施用漂白粉对池塘理化性质及底栖动物的影响

采用常规剂量对鱼塘施用漂白粉 ,对施用前后水质的理化指标和底栖动物的变化情况进行了测定和计数。结果表明 ,施用漂白粉之后 ,池水的透明度、pH、碱度和硬度分别有所增加 ,而溶解氧、化学耗氧量、无机氮化合物和磷酸盐呈不同幅度的下降 ;底栖动物的数量亦明显下降 ,但是其中摇蚊幼虫的数量在短期内恢复较快。

二氧化氯——一种理想的广谱性高效杀菌消毒剂

二氧化氯作为消毒杀菌剂在多种行业中都有广泛应用,在我国大力发展二氧化氯的生产及应用技术刻不容缓.

二氯异氰尿酸钠的生产和应用

二氯异氰尿酸钠是一种重要的氯代异氰尿酸类产品。介绍了二氯异氰尿酸钠的发展现状、物化性质、生产工艺、生产控制措施、消毒、杀菌及漂白应用情况。

漂白粉液叶面消毒对家蚕原原种产卵性能的影响

以含不同质量分数有效氯的漂白粉溶液浸渍桑叶,进行全程桑叶消毒,饲育家蚕品种云7、云8原原种,调查漂白粉溶液对家蚕原原种产卵性能的影响。结果表明,漂白粉溶液中有效氯质量分数超过0.5%时,家蚕总产卵数和良卵数显著下降。

日用钼化学品的研究与开发

叙述了日用钼化学品，如皮肤－头发保护剂、沐浴液、眼影、冷烫液、消臭剂、除垢剂、漂白剂、消毒剂和洗涤剂等的研究与开发现状，预期日用钼化学品的应用前景引人。

二氧化氯(ClO_2)的制备方法及其应用

介绍了ClO2 的主要生产制备方法和ClO2 作为漂白剂、消毒杀菌剂、水处理剂等在多种行业中的应用 ,进一步分析展望了ClO2 的生产和应用前景。

氯代异氰尿酸类产品的生产和应用

介绍氯代异氰尿酸类产品——三氯异氰尿酸、二氯异氰尿酸和二氯异氰尿酸钠的生产工艺、消毒、杀菌及漂白应用情况。

开发解决食品工厂“发霉问题”的划时代技术

介绍了日本PURESON株式会社解决食品工厂"发霉问题"的专利技术。该技术克服了原来的氯系杀菌漂白剂的缺点,能够更彻底地杀灭霉菌,是食品工厂和食品超市防霉处理的最佳方法。

运用手持技术探究84消毒液漂白性及影响因素

84消毒液是日常生活中一种较为常见的消毒液类型,作为一种含氯消毒液,它在应用的过程也中涉及到非常丰富的化学知识,已经广泛地应用于衣物漂白和卫生消毒中。为了能够对84消毒液了解更加透彻,基于手持技术探究84消毒液漂白性的原因及其影响因素,以期为今后相关研究提供一定的参考依据。

淡水氯化设备在船舶日用淡水保鲜中的应用

本文阐述了漂白粉的消毒原理,通过淡水氯化设备的工艺流程、参数设定、组件设计和投加控制等方面,介绍了淡水氯化设备在船舶日用淡水保鲜中的应用。

三氯异氰尿酸的生产和应用

三氯异氰尿酸是一种重要的氯代异氰尿酸类产品。介绍了三氯异氰尿酸的发展现状、物化性质、生产工艺、生产控制措施、消毒、杀菌及漂白应用情况。