Prevalence of kidney stones has increased continously over several decades worldwide,the major causes of which are largely unknown.To explore the dietary causes of kidney stones,and reveal mechanisms underlying dietar...Prevalence of kidney stones has increased continously over several decades worldwide,the major causes of which are largely unknown.To explore the dietary causes of kidney stones,and reveal mechanisms underlying dietary risk factors inducing kidney stones,animal experiments using mice as the disease model were performed.Eight-week old male CD-1 mice were treated by ethylene glycol,cholesterol or/and apple tannins for 3 d,respectively.In the present study,the crystalline analysis in urine and kidney tissues,HE staining kidney sections as well as observation of micro-stones,tannins and cholesterol deposition in kidneys of mice in different groups were conducted.We found that gavage with ethylene glycol,cholesterol and tannins resulted in mice urine solute supersaturation in renal tubules and forming kidney stones.Significant cholesterol and tannin deposits in mouse kidney were observed by laser confocal microscopy and crystals were shown either adhered with or codeposited with cholesterol and tannin deposits.The primary crystals were found in renal cortex,medullar,especially papilla in the kidney sections under polarized microscope.These findings demonstrate that interaction of cholesterol and tannins in kidney plays a critical role in the formation of kidney stones.展开更多
Contrast-induced acute kidney injury(CI-AKI) is oneof the most common causes of AKI in clinical practice.CI-AKI has been found to be strongly associated with morbidity and mortality of the patients.Furthermore,CI-AKI ...Contrast-induced acute kidney injury(CI-AKI) is oneof the most common causes of AKI in clinical practice.CI-AKI has been found to be strongly associated with morbidity and mortality of the patients.Furthermore,CI-AKI may not be always reversible and it may be associated with the development of chronic kidney disease.Pathophysiology of CI-AKI is not exactly understood and there is no consensus on the preventive strategies.CI-AKI is an active research area thus clinicians should be updated periodically about this topic.In this review,we aimed to discuss the indications of contrastenhanced imaging,types of contrast media and their impact on nephrotoxicity,major pathophysiological mechanisms,risk factors and preventive strategies of CI-AKI and alternative non-contrast-enhanced imaging methods.展开更多
Background Nosocomial infection in early post-transplantation period is a tough problem for kidney transplantation. Few reports have explored the relations between biochemical parameters and nosocomial infection in ki...Background Nosocomial infection in early post-transplantation period is a tough problem for kidney transplantation. Few reports have explored the relations between biochemical parameters and nosocomial infection in kidney transplantation. This retrospective study was carried out to describe the characteristics of nosocomial infection in the very early period of kidney transplantation and to determine the risk factors in biochemical parameters and their alterations. Methods Patients who underwent their first kidney transplantation from January 2001 to March 2009 in Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital were recruited and the nosocomial infectious episodes were collected for this study. Gender, age, donor type, delayed graft function （DGF） and biochemical parameters such as serum uric acid, lipids files and albumin on day 0 （before transplantation） and day 1 （24 hours after transplantation） and their changes were analyzed with Logistic regression models for nosocomial infection. Results A total of 405 patients （315 men and 90 women） were involved in this study. There were 80 patients experiencing 113 infection episodes and 105 strains of microorganism were indentified. In univariate analysis, there were significant differences in DGF, albumin on day 0, lipoprotein （a） （Lp（a）） on day 1, change in low density lipoprotein-cholesterol （LDL-C, day 1-day 0） and change in uric acid （day 1-day 0） between nosocomial infection patients and noninfectious patients （P 〈0.05）. In multivariate analysis, change in uric acid （day 1-day 0） （OR 5.139, 95% CI 1.176-22.465, P 〈0.05）, change in LDL-C （day 1-day 0） （OR4.179, 95% CI 1.375-12.703, P 〈0.05） and DGF （OR 14.409, 95% CI 1.603-129.522, P 〈0.05） were identified as independent risk factors for nosocomial infection in kidney transplantation. Conclusions Most nosocomial infections in early postoperative period of kidney transplantation are bacterial, especially with Gram-negative bacteria. The most common infection sites are respiratory tract, urinary tract and surgical site. DGF, decrease of LDL-C and increase of uric acid could increase the risk for nosocomial infections.展开更多
2010356 Association of risk factors for cardiovascular disease and the rate of glomerular filtration:a cross-sectional study in the population from certain areas of Beijing. WANG Fan(王凡),et al.Dept Geriat Cardiol,...2010356 Association of risk factors for cardiovascular disease and the rate of glomerular filtration:a cross-sectional study in the population from certain areas of Beijing. WANG Fan(王凡),et al.Dept Geriat Cardiol,Chin PLA General Hosp,Beijing 100853.Chin J Epidemiol 2010;31(3):256-259. Objective To explore the correlation between risks factors of展开更多
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32172270).
文摘Prevalence of kidney stones has increased continously over several decades worldwide,the major causes of which are largely unknown.To explore the dietary causes of kidney stones,and reveal mechanisms underlying dietary risk factors inducing kidney stones,animal experiments using mice as the disease model were performed.Eight-week old male CD-1 mice were treated by ethylene glycol,cholesterol or/and apple tannins for 3 d,respectively.In the present study,the crystalline analysis in urine and kidney tissues,HE staining kidney sections as well as observation of micro-stones,tannins and cholesterol deposition in kidneys of mice in different groups were conducted.We found that gavage with ethylene glycol,cholesterol and tannins resulted in mice urine solute supersaturation in renal tubules and forming kidney stones.Significant cholesterol and tannin deposits in mouse kidney were observed by laser confocal microscopy and crystals were shown either adhered with or codeposited with cholesterol and tannin deposits.The primary crystals were found in renal cortex,medullar,especially papilla in the kidney sections under polarized microscope.These findings demonstrate that interaction of cholesterol and tannins in kidney plays a critical role in the formation of kidney stones.
文摘Contrast-induced acute kidney injury(CI-AKI) is oneof the most common causes of AKI in clinical practice.CI-AKI has been found to be strongly associated with morbidity and mortality of the patients.Furthermore,CI-AKI may not be always reversible and it may be associated with the development of chronic kidney disease.Pathophysiology of CI-AKI is not exactly understood and there is no consensus on the preventive strategies.CI-AKI is an active research area thus clinicians should be updated periodically about this topic.In this review,we aimed to discuss the indications of contrastenhanced imaging,types of contrast media and their impact on nephrotoxicity,major pathophysiological mechanisms,risk factors and preventive strategies of CI-AKI and alternative non-contrast-enhanced imaging methods.
文摘Background Nosocomial infection in early post-transplantation period is a tough problem for kidney transplantation. Few reports have explored the relations between biochemical parameters and nosocomial infection in kidney transplantation. This retrospective study was carried out to describe the characteristics of nosocomial infection in the very early period of kidney transplantation and to determine the risk factors in biochemical parameters and their alterations. Methods Patients who underwent their first kidney transplantation from January 2001 to March 2009 in Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital were recruited and the nosocomial infectious episodes were collected for this study. Gender, age, donor type, delayed graft function （DGF） and biochemical parameters such as serum uric acid, lipids files and albumin on day 0 （before transplantation） and day 1 （24 hours after transplantation） and their changes were analyzed with Logistic regression models for nosocomial infection. Results A total of 405 patients （315 men and 90 women） were involved in this study. There were 80 patients experiencing 113 infection episodes and 105 strains of microorganism were indentified. In univariate analysis, there were significant differences in DGF, albumin on day 0, lipoprotein （a） （Lp（a）） on day 1, change in low density lipoprotein-cholesterol （LDL-C, day 1-day 0） and change in uric acid （day 1-day 0） between nosocomial infection patients and noninfectious patients （P 〈0.05）. In multivariate analysis, change in uric acid （day 1-day 0） （OR 5.139, 95% CI 1.176-22.465, P 〈0.05）, change in LDL-C （day 1-day 0） （OR4.179, 95% CI 1.375-12.703, P 〈0.05） and DGF （OR 14.409, 95% CI 1.603-129.522, P 〈0.05） were identified as independent risk factors for nosocomial infection in kidney transplantation. Conclusions Most nosocomial infections in early postoperative period of kidney transplantation are bacterial, especially with Gram-negative bacteria. The most common infection sites are respiratory tract, urinary tract and surgical site. DGF, decrease of LDL-C and increase of uric acid could increase the risk for nosocomial infections.
文摘2010356 Association of risk factors for cardiovascular disease and the rate of glomerular filtration:a cross-sectional study in the population from certain areas of Beijing. WANG Fan(王凡),et al.Dept Geriat Cardiol,Chin PLA General Hosp,Beijing 100853.Chin J Epidemiol 2010;31(3):256-259. Objective To explore the correlation between risks factors of
