Christianity: What Should It Do With a New Situation?

Is the Christian doctrine espoused by contemporary Christians really the true meaning of Christ?What is the basic doctrine of Christ?How should believers believe in and practice Christian doctrine?This article analyzes this and distinguishes between the faithful of Christ and that of the church,two types of believers who are similar in form but not identical in nature.

Cultural Conflicts and Fusion in the Process of Christianity Disseminating in China

This paper focuses on cultural conflicts,mainly conflicts of God oriented and people oriented world view,different view towards human nature- virtue culture and guilt culture,the theology that all are equal before God and hierarchical order tradition,monotheism and polytheism,conflict between the doctrine and the concept of clan,briefly,that between Chinese traditional culture and Christian doctrine in the process of the religion disseminating in China.It also touches upon the beneficial attributes of Chinese culture for the fusion of the two culture patterns.

Obligation Orientation and Right-Based Principle——The Difference between Chinese and Western Legal Culture Influenced by Confucianism and Christianity

As an important part of cultural and ideological progress construction,the improvement of Chinese modern legal system has become a keynote in the process of constructing the harmonious society in China.In the course of the development of Chinese legal system,transplanting from western legal culture is becoming a trend.Therefore,it is necessary to study the difference between Chinese and western legal culture and its influencing elements so as to provide a cultural basis for this transplant.As for cultural factor,Confucianism is the dominated thoughts in traditional Chinese history and Christianity occupies the same place in western culture,accordingly,their influence on the difference between Chinese and western legal culture is great.This paper discusses the difference of the obligation orientation and right-based principle between Chinese and western legal culture influenced by Confucianism and Christianity aiming at provide some important inspirations for the transplant of western legal culture in improving Chinese modern legal system.

Searching for a New Identity:Christianity,Conversion and Dalit Sikhs

The advent and spread of Christianity in the Punjab would have been a limited affair but for the“dalits”,the depressed classes of the Punjab.The present Christian community is the result of the mass movement and efforts of the missionaries in the Punjab.The paper also examines the eyewitness accounts of the missionaries which are helpful in demystifying the myth of“equality among the Sikhs”.These accounts also reinforce our understanding of the status of Mazhabi Sikhs as a lower caste among the Sikhs.Using the terms,“foreign enclaves”and“ritually neutral area”from Milton Singer’s classic study,When a Great Tradition Modernizes,the author has tried to demonstrate the processes of isolation,slow acceptance,and incorporation of the converts.

Cogito, Phenomenology, and Christianity in Michel Henry

This article shows,in Michel Henry,the relationship that Descartes’cogito maintains with phenomenology and Christianity.Thus,this article first shows to see how the phenomenology of life is only possible through a reading of Descartes’cogito.For,in it is in the cogito that one discovers how the life of the ego relates the ego to itself by excluding from itself what is outside of itself in the reduction in which this ego is constituted.The article then observes that it is from the way in which the ego is constituted in its most radical immanence that Michel shows how Husserl confused the immanence of the ego with the transcendence which lies outside of the ego.The article finally explains how the ego which discovers itself in pure immanence is the institute of a phenomenology of life which remains the mode of being of the philosophy of Christianity.

Shakespeare and Christianity—Studies in the Merchant of Venice

Christianity, by far the most influential religion in the west, touches every phase of man's life so much so that it has shaped the western civilization more decisively and become the blood of western culture. William Shakespeare is the greatest humanist, but he is also a Christian rooted in western culture, so it is observed that Shakespeare's thinking pattern and writing were influenced by Christianity. The paper, taking the Merchant of Venice as an example, analyzed Biblical references in Shakespeare's thinking pattern, Christianity and Shakespeare's idealistic character.

Analyses on How Christianity Affects Western Culture

T.S. Eliot once said if there were no Christianity, the whole culture wouldn't exist. Christianity affects every part of western culture. Christian thoughts deeply influence how western people think and feel. This paper centers around the following divisions, Introduction, Christianity, Christianity and Western Culture, and Conclusion. According to the four dimensions, the thesis emphatically analyzes why Christianity is an important source of western culture.

Christianity and Miao Education in Shimenkan,Guizhou

Shimenkan is a remote and mountainous village in Weining county,Guizhou province,an area traditionally populated by Miao ethnic minority.The arrival of Christian missionaries just over 100 years ago began Shimenkan’s transformation from an illiterate school-less place,to a“revered site of Miao education.”Today,Shimenkan has returned to being the worst performing part of Weining county in terms of educational attainment.By investigating and analyzing the impact of Christianity on Miao school education and community education,this paper will discuss how Miao students are coping with cultural aspects of education and community amidst social change,and the impact of the cultural context on their academic achievement.Where foreign culture meets local demands,little resistance to cultural education exists.In such circumstances,outside culture is likely to be accepted in the community,and may generate positive outcomes.

The Impact of Christianity on the lgbo and the Gikuyu Community in Africa as Revealed in Arrow of God and The River Between

Religious conversion was an extremely important and effective strategy for the European colonizers to establish their colonial dominance in Africa.The diffusion of Christianity across Africa helped the colonizers gain acceptance and support among the natives,which in turn gave the colonizers more control over Africa.During the inception of European Christian missionary activities in Africa,those who accepted Christianity were favored by the colonial administration;but those who opposed,faced persecution.As more and more native Africans espoused Christianity and eschewed their native religions,Christianity emerged as a distinct threat to the native African cultures,religions,and associated rituals.But such mass proselytization hardly had any altruistic cause;rather,the conversion game helped the colonizers hide how they exploited Africa under the cloak of philanthropy.The newlyconverted Christians were indoctrinated by the missionaries to such an extent that they started to loathe indigenous culture.In some cases,they channeled their loathing for indigenous belief system into actively opposing and obstructing the practice of native African religions and rituals.This paper examines Achebe's Arrow of God and Thiong'o's The River Between to discover how Christianity helped the European colonizers expand colonial territory and tighten their stranglehold on native African cultures.

Research and Exploration on the Teaching of World Medieval History under the Innovative Education Concept

The development of the Middle Ages is an inevitable stage in the development of human history,and it has a very important historical significance.During the Middle Ages,the struggle between religious power and secular kingship became a big driving force for medieval education.While strengthening the Christian worldview,education in the Middle Ages also completed the connection between classical civilization and modern European civilization.Medieval educational developments and explorations have had a major impact on contemporary education,especially medieval universities,cathedrals and parliaments.

Epistemic Analysis of Kantian Ethics of Duty Call vis-a-vis Paranormal in Nigerian Society Among Nigerian Clergymen

This work is geared to carry out epistemic analysis of Kantian ethics of duty call vis-à-vis paranormal in Nigerian society among clergymen.The recent changes in Nigerian and other African countries like colonialism that brought Western education,globalization,urbanization,and new religion(Islam and Christianity)have made it that divination in traditional African religion is no longer in vogue in this contemporary period.Divination and fortune telling have taken a new dimension in form of faith healing and miracles by some prophets and so called men of God like pastors,priests,and imam.The quest for materialism among the ministers and clerics of Islamic,Christian and traditional religion has made them abuse their religious calling for their selfish interests.This work makes use of analytic and critical methods of data analysis.This work postulates that Immanuel Kant’s ethics of duty call serves to provide a guiding principle to Nigeria clergymen of different religions on the need for them to carry out their religious duties out of good will.On the other hand,twisting or distorting the teachings of their religion to serve their various selfish interests contravenes Immanuel Kant’s ethics of duty call.Finally,they have to contribute positively to nation building by propagating or fostering the positive ideology,theories,or doctrines that will promote love and national unity in a multicultural country like Nigeria.

To Club or Not to Club, That Is the Question Debating the Meaning of Catholic Identity for Universities in Today’s World

This case study presents the dilemma faced by a French university with Christian identity regarding a students’request to officially approve a club for the LGBTQ+community:which would be the most prudent response considering all matters involved?The case is disguised:it combines elements taken from very similar cases impacting today more than a few Catholic universities around the globe.Part A describes this university:history,principles and values,academic and financial information,relations with its stakeholders,etc.This part also describes its religious context and some relevant statistics regarding the LGTBQ+community.Finally,a series of opinions regarding the issue and how to answer the students’request presented in the form of an open discussion at the university’s steering committee provides different arguments in favor or against the approval.Part B offers some guidelines useful to take a prudent response considering all matters involved:legal,ethical,governance,and communicative.These guidelines are divided in three chapters:what should be the framework for such a discussion,strategic recommendations,and practical suggestions.Their aim is to provide a sort of a blueprint for university heads and administrators,to design a tailor-made response fitting the identity and stakeholders’map of their own university.

A Proposal for the Restitution of the World’s First Baptistry and University, Mor Yakup Church, Turkey

The structure known today as St.Jacob’s Church represents one of the oldest Christian medieval monuments in the region.With the emergence of findings suggesting that the structure was the world’s first university during recent excavation efforts,it has gained even more significance.Since 2006,the excavation works conducted by the Mardin Museum Directorate in the vicinity of Mor Yakup Church have yielded information about various phases of the structure.However,assessments regarding the nature of the structure are still debated within the academic environment.This study aimed to thoroughly investigate the functional changes and periods that St.Jacob’s Church underwent throughout history and to provide a detailed description and restitution for each period.In this study,we utilized excavation reports,data from written sources related to the settlement and structure,information obtained from the structure itself,traces existing on the structure,and data derived from architectural necessities(logic/scenario).The results indicate that this structure served three different functions(baptistry,church,university)and went through two main periods(pre-Christianity and post-Christianity).

Different Outlooks on Life——Reflected in Chinese and Western Fisherman's Poems

Natural poems,especially fisherman’s poems,can always reflect different outlooks on life of Chinese and western poets.And such differences mainly result from cultural backgrounds.Under the influence of Christian belief,western fisherman’s poems attached more significance to the afterlife,while Chinese poets always express satisfaction in the unity of man and nature in this life,as a result of the influence of Confucianism and Taoism.

A Study on Allegorical Exegesis in Medieval Literature

Christianity dominated the Middle Ages,thus produced the allegorical interpretation in the explanation of the Bible.Augustine fashioned a theory of signification that would dominate Western hermeneutics for ten centuries after his death.St.Thomas's work was seeking the marriage of reason and faith.Dante argued that the full four levels of meaning in Biblical exegesis was founded in secular poetry.

An Analysis ofHoly Bible's Influences onA Farewell to Arms

A Farewell to Arms is not only a love story or a story about war. In this book, Hemingway held a special view on the war. He connected Christian with the war. A Farewell to Arms discloses that due to the sin of war, human being is destined to ruin and the only way out lies in the pursuit of true love and peace. This thematic motif is particularly enhanced with the development of the major plot: the hero's spiritual conversion process. The two images teeming with biblical illusions incarnate the author's doctrine of biblical"original sin"while the major plot process comes to show the conflicts between the good and the evil as had been the case in Bible. It is clear that there is an obsessed religious complex and Christian perspective in Hemingway's understanding of the nature of war and his meditation of the fate of human being.

惠更斯的14个概率命题研究

目的系统探讨和分析惠更斯在《论赌博中的计算》中所给出的14个概率命题,以揭示其概率思想。方法历史分析和文献考证。结果惠更斯首次提出数学期望的概念,创立了“惠更斯分析法”,第一次把概率论建立在公理、命题和问题上而构成一个较完整的理论体系,第一次将以往概率论知识系统化、公式化及一般化。结论惠更斯的概率思想奠定了概率论的基础,且对今日数学创造仍有重要启发意义。

The Making of English:A Story Of Three Invasions and A Cultural Revolution

How come the English language develops into whatwe now call Modern English?This article intends to find outsome of itsorigins and reasonsfrom the pointof wview ofthe historical backgrounds thatresults in the development.