Determination of Oleuropein in Cosmetics by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-Triple Quadrupole Tandem Mass Spectrometry

An ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS)was established to quickly and accurately determine the content of oleuropein in cosmetics.The samples were extracted with methanol-aqueous solution,and the mobile phase with methanol-formic acid solution(0.1 mol/L)=40∶60 was separated by Agilent ZORBAX Eclipse Plus C18(2.1 mm×50 mm×1.8μm-Micron)column temperature 30℃,flow rate 0.3 mL/min.The MS end was detected by electrospray negative mode ionization(ESI-)and multiple reaction monitoring(MRM)mode.The results show a good linear relationship in the range of 0.002~5 mg/L,with a correlation coefficient R2 of 0.999,5.Method recovery range from 84.2%~107.6%and the relative standard deviation RSD is 5.8%.The detection time is 5 min,the detection limit is 0.000,6 mg/L,and the limit of quantification is 0.002 mg/L.This method has the advantages of convenient operation,low quantification limit,high precision and good repeatability,and is suitable for measuring the content of oleuropein in many kinds of cosmetics.

Determination of Ten Kinds of Alpha-2 Agonists Residues in Animal Derived Food by UHPLC-Triple Quadrupole/Composite Linear Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry

[Objectives]The paper was to establish an ultra high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/linear ion trap complex mass spectrometry for the determination of 10 kinds ofα2-receptor agonists in animal derived food.[Methods]The samples were extracted with sodium carbonate buffer solution and ethyl acetate,and analyzed by mass spectrometry after solid phase extraction and high performance liquid chromatography separation.[Results]Ten kinds ofα2-receptor agonists showed a good linear relationship in the range of 1-100μg/mL,with the average recovery of over 69%and the relative standard deviation less than 8.32%.The detection limit of 10 kinds of α_(2)-receptor agonists was up to 1μg/kg.[Conclusions]The method has good selectivity and strong anti-interference ability,and can meet the requirements of 10 kinds ofα2-receptor agonists residues in animal derived food.

Simultaneous determination of amino acids in different teas using supercritical fluid chromatography coupled with single quadrupole mass spectrometry

Tea is a widely consumed beverage and has many important physiological properties and potential health benefits. In this study, a novel method based on supercritical fluid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (SFC-MS) was developed to simultaneously determine 11 amino acids in different types of tea (green teas, Oolong tea, black tea and Pu-erh tea). The separation conditions for the analysis of the selected amino acids including the column type, temperature and backpressure as well as the type of additive, were carefully optimized. The best separation of the 11 amino acids was obtained by adding water (5%, v/v) and trifluoroacetic acid (0.4%, v/v) to the organic modifier (methanol). Finally, the developed SFC-MS method was fully validated and successfully applied to the determination of these amino acids in six different tea samples. Good linearity (r ≥ 0.993), precision (RSDs≤ 2.99%), accuracy (91.95%-107.09%) as well as good sample stability were observed. The limits of detection ranged from 1.42 to 14.69 ng/mL, while the limits of quantification were between 4.53 and 47.0 ng/mL. The results indicate that the contents of the 11 amino acids in the six different tea samples are greatly influenced by the degree of fermentation. The proposed SFC-MS method shows a great potential for further investigation of tea varieties.

Dimension-Enhanced Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography/Ion Mobility-Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry Combined with Intelligent Peak Annotation for the Rapid Characterization of the Multiple Components from Seeds of Descurainia sophia

The complex composition of herbal metabolites necessitates the development of powerful analytical techniques aimed to identify the bioactive components.The seeds of Descurainia sophia(SDS)are utilized in China as a cough and asthma relieving agent.Herein,a dimension-enhanced integral approach,by combining ultra-high performance liquid chromatography/ion mobility-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry(UHPLC/IMQTOF-MS)and intelligent peak annotation,was developed to rapidly characterize the multicomponents from SDS.Good chromatographic separation was achieved within 38 min on a UPLC CSH C18(2.1×100 mm,1.7μm)column which was eluted by 0.1%formic acid in water(water phase)and acetonitrile(organic phase).Collision-induced dissociation-MS^(2)data were acquired by the data-independent high-definition MS^(E)(HDMS^(E))in both the negative and positive electrospray ionization modes.A major components knockout strategy was applied to improve the characterization of those minor ingredients by enhancing the injection volume.Moreover,a self-built chemistry library was established,which could be matched by the UNIFI software enabling automatic peak annotation of the obtained HDMS^(E)data.As a result of applying the intelligent peak annotation workflows and further confirmation process,a total of 53 compounds were identified or tentatively characterized from the SDS,including 29 flavonoids,one uridine derivative,four glucosides,one lignin,one phenolic compound,and 17 others.Notably,four-dimensional information related to the structure(e.g.,retention time,collision cross section,MS^(1)and MS^(2)data)was obtained for each component by the developed integral approach,and the results would greatly benefit the quality control of SDS.

Screening for Plant Toxins in Honey and Herbal Beverage by Ultrahigh-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Ion Mobility-Quadrupole Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry

The standards of plant toxins were separated by a C18 column with gradient elution with 0.1% formic acid/water (V/V) and 0.1% formic acid/acetonitrile (V/V) as mobile phase and acquired by ion mobility-quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (IM-QTOF MS) in positive ion mode. A database of 308 plant toxins including retention time, collision cross-section (CCS) and its fragment ions was established. Honey dissolved in water or herbal beverage was extracted by acetonitrile and purified with PSA sorbent, and then acquired by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography IM-QTOFMS. The acquired data were processed by comparing with the database we established to confirm the target compounds. The average recoveries for samples at two levels ranged from 60.6% - 120.1%, with relative standard deviation (n = 6) less than 25%. The limit of quantitation for plant toxins ranged from 1 - 20 μg/kg. The developed screening method was used in determination of honey, herbal beverage and honey flavored tea beverage samples. The results showed that berberine was detected in one honey with 1 μg/kg and caffeine was present in some beverages with the concentration from 200 and 5500 μg/kg. This method could meet the requirement for rapid screening of plant toxins in honey and herbal beverage. It can be used for the quality control of honey and herbal beverage in enterprises or quality inspection departments. It also can be used in the rapid screening of food poisoning.

Determination of sterols in tobacco leaves by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

The purpose of the study was to establish an analytical method to simultaneously determine multiple sterols in tobacco leaves rapidly and accurately.In this gas chromatography-triple quadruple tandem mass spectrometry(GC-MS/MS)based method,various conditions for sterols extraction were assessed and the instrumental operation parameters were optimized with 5α-cholane as an internal standard.Using this method,eight plant sterols,namely lanosterol,campesterol,chenodeoxycholic acid,cholesterol,β-sitosterol,stigmasterol,dihydrotachysterol and ergosterol,were separated in less than 30 min.The linear correlation coefficients were over 0.998 9,the low detection limits were in the range of 0.010 3-0.141 4 μg/g.The recoveries were from 87.30% to 115.60%,with low standard deviations.In conclusion,this method demonstrates good repeatability,accuracy,and high sensitivity,and is best suited for rapid analysis of multiple sterols in tobacco leaves.

Improved preparation and identification of aristolochic acid-DNA adducts by solid-phase extraction with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

Aristolochic acid （AA） is a known nephrotoxin and potential carcinogen, which can form covalent DNA adducts after metabolic activation in vivo and in vitro. A simple method for preparation and characterization of aristolochic acid-DNA adducts was developed. Four AA-adducts were synthesized by a direct reaction of AAI/AAII with 2′-deoxynucleosides. The reaction mixture was first cleaned-up and pre-concentrated using solid phase extraction （SPE）, and further purified by a reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）. By the application of developed SPE procedure, matrices and byproducts in reaction mixture could be greatly reduced and adducts of high purity （more than 94% as indicated by HPLC） were obtained. The purified AA-DNA adducts were identified and characterized with liquid-electrospray ionization-quadrupole-time of flight-mass spectrometry （LC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS） and LC-Diode array detector-fluorescence （LC-DAD-FL） analysis. This work provides a robust tool for possible large-scale preparation of AA-DNA adduct standards, which can promote the further studies on carcinogenic and mutagenic mechanism of aristolochic acids.

CO₂Absorption Solvent Degradation Compound Identification Using Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Quadrapole-Time of Flight (LCMSQTOF)

The degradation of the alkanolamine solvent used in the removal of acid gases from natural gas streams due to exposure to contaminants, thermal degradation and presence of oxygen or oxygen containing compounds will change the solvent properties, such as heat transfer coefficient, diffusion coefficient, and mass transfer coefficient of the solvent. Therefore, characterization and quantification of amine degradation product becomes one of the important analyses to determine alkanolamine solvent’s health. In order to identify degradation products of alkanolamine solvent, analytical strategies by using mass spectrometry (MS) as detector have been studied extensively. In this work, due to the low concentration of the amine degradation product, a method was developed for identification of alkanolamine degradation products using LCMS-QTOF technique. A strategy for identification of trace degradation products has been identified. Six (6) alkanolamine degradation products had been identified by using LCMS-QTOF targeted analysis in the blended alkanolamine solvent used in natural gas processing plant. Another fifteen (15) molecular formulas having similarity in chemical structure to alkanolamine degradation products were identified using untargeted analysis strategy, as possible compounds related to degradation products. Using LCMS-QTOF via targeted and untargeted analysis strategy, without tedious column separation and reference standard, enables laboratory to provide a quick and indicative information for alkanolamine solvent’s organic degradation compounds identification in CO2 adsorption, within reasonable analysis time.

气相色谱-三重四极杆质谱法测定黄芪中42种农药残留

目的建立气相色谱-三重四极杆质谱法测定黄芪中42种农药的方法。方法黄芪中的多组分农药采用乙腈提取,上清液经N-丙基乙二胺、十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶、硅胶净化,采用程序升温进样口上机测定,基质匹配曲线外标法定量。结果42种农药在0.01~1.00μg/mL范围内线性关系良好,相关系数为0.9954~0.9999,在空白基质中添加低(0.02 mg/kg)、中(0.40 mg/kg)、高(2.00 mg/kg)3个不同浓度的混合标准品各6份,加标回收率为72.5%~109.3%,相对标准偏差为1.25%~6.07%,检出限为0.002~0.010mg/kg,定量限为0.005~0.030 mg/kg。在100批次黄芪样本中检出6种农药,分别是α-硫丹、对硫磷、甲基对硫磷、硫环磷、氯氰菊酯、氰戊菊酯,样品检出率6.0%,样品超标率1.0%,超标农药为氯氰菊酯。结论本方法灵敏度高、准确性好,适用于黄芪中42种农药的同时测定。

改进和优化黑果枸杞及其制品中花青素测定的pH示差法

建立一种基于美国官方分析化学师协会(Association of Official Analytical Chemists,AOAC)方法检测黑果枸杞及其制品中花青素含量的改进pH示差法。考察了黑果枸杞及其制品中花青素的最佳提取和检测条件,通过液相色谱-三重四级杆串联质谱法鉴别出黑果枸杞中花青素的具体化学结构,并计算出混合花青素的平均摩尔质量。通过分光光度法测得混合花青素的平均摩尔消光系数,对改进后的pH示差法进行方法学验证和花青素的含量测定。结果显示,最佳提取和检测条件如下:黑果枸杞花青素提取溶剂为盐酸-80%(体积分数)乙醇(3∶97,体积比),料液比为1∶100(g∶mL),提取温度为50℃,提取时间为30 min,缓冲溶液稀释5倍后静置平衡20 min。液相色谱-三重四级杆串联质谱法鉴别黑果枸杞中主要以矮牵牛素类花青素为主(占97.96%),黑果枸杞特有的混合花青素平均摩尔质量为912.7 g/mol,平均摩尔消光系数为29591 L/(mol·cm)。pH示差法改进后能够满足方法学验证要求,固体样品和液体样品最低检出限分别为28.2 mg/100 g、0.282 mg/100 mL。方法改进后花青素提取增长率均大于20%,静置平衡20 min后单次检测结果精密度小于0.3%。以矮牵牛素类花青素代替矢车菊素-3-O-葡萄糖苷计算花青素含量平均提高了2.41倍,能真实地反映黑果枸杞及其制品中花青素的含量。

高效液相色谱-三重四级杆质谱测定黄花蒿中青蒿素含量方法的设计

利用高效液相色谱-三重四级杆质谱仪建立了黄花蒿中青蒿素含量的测定方法,并进行线性与范围、精密度、回收率及实验室比对方法学验证。结果表明:青蒿素在3~300 ng/mL线性良好(R^(2)=0.9994),检出限和定量限分别为0.25和0.75μg/g;该方法精密度良好,重复性RSD在2.0%~4.8%;平均加样回收率在93.8%~109.8%。分别在3个实验室对青蒿素含量比对检测,各实验室检测分析同一样品相对标准偏差在0.5%~3.3%。该实验项目难度适中,在保证可操作的同时具一定的创新性,可培养学生的科研探索精神,适用于研究生的中药成分分析开放性实验教学。

高效液相色谱-串联四极杆质谱法测定荔枝中降糖氨酸A和亚甲基环丙基甘氨酸

建立高效液相色谱-串联四极杆质谱定量分析荔枝中降糖氨酸A和亚甲基环丙基甘氨酸两种降糖氨酸的测定方法。荔枝样品以90%乙醇为提取溶剂进行超声提取,离心取上清,氮吹后用水复溶。经丹磺酰氯衍生化后,采用Waters HSS T3色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm,1.8μm)进行分离,柱温为35℃,水(含0.1%甲酸)和乙腈为流动相,梯度洗脱,流量为0.3 mL/min。质谱采用电喷雾电离源,正离子扫描,多反应监测模式进行检测。两种降糖氨酸的质量浓度在0.01~0.50μg/mL范围内与其色谱峰面积线性良好,相关系数均大于0.999,降糖氨酸A的检出限为0.05 mg/kg,亚甲基环丙基甘氨酸的检出限为0.08 mg/kg,加标回收率为81.4%~98.7%,相对标准偏差为3.2%~5.9%(n=6)。该方法操作简单,分析时间短,灵敏度高,准确可靠,为荔枝中降糖氨酸A和亚甲基环丙基甘氨酸两种降糖氨酸的测定提供了有效的技术手段。

超高效液相色谱-三重四极杆质谱法同时测定纺织品中30种芳香胺类化合物的含量

取0.1 g 5 mm×5 mm的纺织品小片,加入17 mL(70±2)℃柠檬酸盐缓冲溶液(pH 6.0),参考GB/T 17592—2011进行还原裂解、萃取、浓缩,加适量甲醇稀释,采用超高效液相色谱-三重四极杆质谱法同时测定30种芳香胺类化合物的含量。以ZORBAX Eclipse Plus C18色谱柱作固定相,不同体积比0.1%(体积分数)甲酸溶液和甲醇的混合溶液作流动相进行梯度洗脱,电喷雾离子源正离子(ESI+)模式电离,外标法定量。结果显示:各目标物的质量浓度在50~2000μg·L^(-1)内和峰面积呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)为0.05~1.69μg·kg^(-1);按照标准加入法进行回收试验,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)为3.0%~7.0%,回收率为60.3%~96.5%。方法用于两个质控样品的分析,测定值和指定值基本一致。

复合露酒的非挥发性成分鉴定及抗疲劳效应

该研究采用高效液相色谱-四级杆飞行时间串联质谱联用(HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS)法对复合露酒(38%vol)中的非挥发性化合物进行检测,并将复合露酒灌胃至小鼠22 d,考察其对小鼠负重游泳的影响,评价其抗疲劳的保健作用。结果表明,从复合露酒(0.2257 g生药/mL)中共鉴定出52种非挥发性物质,包括皂苷类24种、黄酮类6种、核苷类4种、氨基酸类4种、生物碱类3种、其他11种。与模型组相比,低、中、高剂量组小鼠体质量减少量均极显著减少(P<0.01);中、高剂量组小鼠负重游泳时间均极显著延长(P<0.01);低、中剂量组小鼠血尿素氮(BUN)含量显著增加(P<0.01,P<0.05);低、中、高剂量组小鼠乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活力、肝糖原(LG)含量显著增加(P<0.01,P<0.05),说明该款复合露酒非挥发性成分丰富,可增强身体对负荷的适应性,具有明显的抗疲劳效果,对功能性食品开发提供一定的基础。

高效液相色谱-串联四极杆质谱法测定人参组培不定根中11种皂苷成分

建立高效液相色谱-串联四极杆质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)法定量分析人参组培不定根中11种皂苷成分。样品经粉碎研磨,以70%甲醇水溶液为溶剂进行超声提取,离心过滤后测定。采用C_(18)色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm,1.8μm),用水和乙腈进行梯度洗脱,流量为0.3 mL/min,柱温为35℃。质谱采用电喷雾电离源,负离子扫描,多反应监测模式进行检测。11种皂苷的质量浓度在0.1~10μg/mL(Rb1为0.2~10μg/mL)范围内和响应强度线性相关,相关系数均大于0.995,各皂苷的定量限为0.001~0.010 g/kg,加标回收率为90.43%~97.82%,相对标准偏差为1.93%~6.33%(n=6)。该方法操作简单,分析时间短,灵敏度高,准确可靠,适用于人参组培不定根中多种皂苷类成分的同时测定。

超高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间高分辨质谱用于化妆品中15种前列腺素类似物的快速筛查和测定

建立了超高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间高分辨质谱(UPLC-Q-TOF MS)快速筛查和测定化妆品中15种前列腺素类似物的方法。样品以饱和氯化钠作为分散剂(蜡质类样品以四氢呋喃分散),经乙腈提取,离心取上清液过滤后,采用Poroshell 120 EC-C_(18)柱(150 mm×3.0 mm,2.7μm)分离,以5 mmol/L甲酸铵(含0.1%甲酸)-乙腈为流动相梯度洗脱。在ESI正离子模式下,采用Targeted MS/MS模式采集15种前列腺素类似物的质谱信息,构建筛查数据库进行快速筛查,确证后的目标物通过外标法定量。结果表明,15种前列腺素类似物的线性关系良好,相关系数(r^(2))均大于0.99;检出限为0.3~17.6μg/g,定量下限为1.1~58.8μg/g。在低、中、高3个加标水平下,水剂、膏霜、乳类、粉类、凝胶5类化妆品基质的回收率为70.1%~134%,相对标准偏差不大于7.5%。该方法简单高效、准确度好,可用于化妆品中前列腺素类似物的定性确证和定量分析,为化妆品风险识别提供技术支撑。

串联四极杆电感耦合等离子体质谱测定石脑油中痕量硫

基于串联四极杆电感耦合等离子质谱(ICP-MS)建立了测定石脑油中痕量硫(S)的分析方法。石脑油经有机溶剂简单稀释后直接采用串联四极杆ICP-MS进行测定。在MS/MS模式下,选择N_(2)O作为反应气,基于S^(+)与N_(2)O分别发生O原子转移反应和N原子转移反应消除质谱干扰,优化了利用质量转移反应消除干扰的分析条件。通过与传统的O_(2)反应模式进行对比分析显示了该方法具有良好的分析性能,采用标准参考物质验证了该方法的准确性和可靠性。结果表明:在N_(2)O流速为0.25 mL/min条件下,S质量分数的检出限(LOD)分别为19.6 ng/kg(^(32)S)和23.5 ng/kg(^(34)S);相对标准偏差(RSD)小于4.5%;回收率为96.3%~104.0%。所建立的分析方法,样品处理简单,分析灵敏度高,准确性和精密度好,适用于石脑油中痕量S的快速测定。

超高效液相色谱-三重四级杆串联质谱法测定化妆品中达克罗宁和新康唑

利用超高效液相色谱-三重四级杆串联质谱技术,建立化妆品中达克罗宁和新康唑非法添加物定性定量检测方法。样品经饱和氯化钠溶液分散,乙腈提取,超声波冰浴30 min助提。采用C18柱色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm,1.9μm),用流动相A(0.1%甲酸水)和流动相B(甲醇)进行梯度洗脱,流量为0.3 mL/min,柱温为30℃,进样体积为2μL。达克罗宁和新康唑的质量浓度在1~100 ng/mL范围内与色谱峰面积线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.999。当取样质量为0.2 g时,质量分数定量限均为0.1μg/g,检出限均为0.03μg/g。该方法灵敏、快速,可用于化妆品中达克罗宁和新康唑两种目标物的测定。

基于GC-QTOF-MS对物理回收的食品接触用再生高密度聚乙烯中迁移物的非靶向筛查

以3家企业提供的21?种食品接触用再生高密度聚乙烯(recycled high-density polyethylene,rHDPE)样品在60℃条件下与两种代表性食品模拟物(95%乙醇、4%乙酸溶液)接触10 d作为迁移实验条件,利用气相色谱-串联四极杆飞行时间质谱检测迁移到食品模拟物中的物质。被筛查出的161种物质根据其毒性进行分级(由低至高分为Ⅰ~Ⅳ级),其中毒性Ⅲ和Ⅳ级的有59种,且其预测辛醇/水分配系数大于毒性Ⅰ、Ⅱ级的物质。被筛查的物质中苯及取代衍生物占比最高。邻苯类增塑剂、抗氧剂降解产物以及多环芳烃等物质需要特别关注。使用正交偏最小二乘判别分析迁移物在不同阶段样品中的迁移量变化,发现终产品相较母粒样品中物质的迁移量有所提升。该研究可以为食品接触用r HDPE中迁移物的分析及安全风险评估提供理论基础。

高效液相色谱-四级杆-飞行时间质谱法测定荔枝果实中29种农药多残留

采用高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间质谱技术结合优化的QuEChERS方法,建立了荔枝全果中29种农药的多残留检测分析方法。样品经乙腈提取,利用无水硫酸镁吸水和氯化钠盐析作用,进行离心分层后,取部分乙腈上清液进行净化,净化剂为无水MgSO_(4)、N-丙基乙二胺吸附剂、石墨化碳黑吸附剂,采用电喷雾离子源正负离子交换扫描方式对29种农药数据信息进行采集。29种农药在质量浓度0.001~0.2 mg/L内具有较好线性相关性(相关系数R^(2)均大于0.99),在3个添加水平(0.01、0.1、0.5 mg/kg)下,29种农药的回收率均值为70.2%~102.4%,相对标准偏差为2.4%~6.2%。方法检出限为0.1~3μg/kg,定量限为0.3~10μg/kg。该方法具有操作便捷、回收率高和灵敏度高等特点,可用于同时快速测定荔枝中29种农药的多残留。