Study on the occurrence and influencing factors of gastrointestinal symptoms in hemodialysis patients with uremia

BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal symptoms are common in patients with uremia undergoing hemodialysis,and these symptoms seriously affect patients'prognosis.AIM To assess the occurrence and factors influencing gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with uremia undergoing hemodialysis.METHODS We retrospectively selected 98 patients with uremia who underwent regular hemo-dialysis treatment in the blood purification center of our hospital from December 2022 to December 2023.The gastrointestinal symptoms and scores of each dimension were evaluated using the Gastrointestinal Symptom Grading Scale(GSRS).Patients were divided into gastrointestinal symptoms and no gastrointestinal symptom groups according to whether they had gastrointestinal symptoms.The factors that may affect gastrointestinal symptoms were identified by single-factor analysis.Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent risk factors for gastrointestinal symptoms.RESULTS Gastrointestinal symptoms included indigestion,constipation,reflux,diarrhea,abdominal pain,and eating disorders,and the total average GSRS score was 1.35±0.47.This study showed that age,number of tablets,dialysis time,glucocorticoid,parathyroid hormone(PTH),combined diabetes mellitus and C-reactive protein(CRP)were independent risk factors for gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with uremia undergoing hemodialysis,whereas body mass index(BMI),hemoglobin(Hb),and urea clearance index were independent protective factors(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Gastrointestinal symptoms are mostly mild in patients with uremia undergoing hemodialysis,most commonly including dyspepsia,eating disorders,and gastroesophageal reflux.The independent influencing factors mainly include the BMI,age,number of pills taken,dialysis time,urea clearance index,Hb,use of glucocorticoids,and thyroid hormone level.PTH,CRP,and diabetes are clinically related factors influencing the occurrence of gastrointestinal symptoms,and targeted prevention can be performed.

Chronic gastrointestinal symptoms and quality of life in the Korean population

AIM： To evaluate the prevalence of chronic gastroin- testinal symptoms and their impact on health-related quality of life （HRQOL） in the Korean population. METHODS： A cross-sectional survey, using a reliable and valid Rome I] based questionnaire, was per- formed on randomly selected residents, between 18 and 69 years in age. All respondents were interviewed at their homes or offices by a team of interviewers. The impact of chronic gastrointestinal symptoms on HRQOL was assessed using the Korean version of the 36-item Short-Form general health survey （SF-36）. RESULTS： Of the 1807 eligible subjects, 1417 （78.4%： male 762; female 655） were surveyed. Out of the respondents, 18.6% exhibited at least one chronic gastrointestinal symptom. The prevalence of gastro- esophageal reflux disease （GERD）, defined as heart- burn and/or acid regurgitation experienced at least weekly, was 3.5% （95% CI, 2.6-4.5）. The prevalence of uninvestigated dyspepsia, irritable bowel syndrome （IBS） and chronic constipation based on Rome Ⅱ criteria were 11.7% （95% CI, 10.1-13.5）, 2.2% （95% CI, 1.5-3.1）, and 2.6% （95% CI, 1.8-3.5） respectively. Compared with subjects without chronic gastrointesti- nal symptoms （n = 1153）, those with GERD （n = 50）, uninvestigated dyspepsia （n = 166） and IBS （n = 31） had significantly worse scores on most domains of the SF-36 scales. CONCLUSION： The prevalence of GERD, uninvesti- gated dyspepsia and IBS were 3.5%, 11.7% and 2.2% respectively, in the Korean population. The health- related quality of life was significantly impaired in subjects with GERD, uninvestigated dyspepsia and IBS in this community.

Correlation between CD4, CD8 cell infiltration in gastric mucosa, Helicobacter pylori infection and symptoms in patients with chronic gastritis

AIM: To evaluate the correlation between CD4, CD8 cell infiltration in gastric mucosa, Helicobacter pylori(H pylori)infection and symptoms or the assemblage of symptoms in cases with chronic gastritis.METHODS: Biopsy samples at the gastric antrum were obtained from 62 patients with chronic gastritis. CD4 and CD8 cell infiltration was evaluated by immunohistochemical assays on frozen sections of the biopsy samples. Fifteen symptoms referring to digestion-related activity and nondigestion related activity were observed. The correlation between lymphocyte infiltration and each symptom or symptom assemblage was analyzed by logistic regression and K-mean cluster methods.RESULTS: CD4 cell infiltrations in gastric mucosa were much more in patients with H pylori infection, while CD8 cell infiltrations were similar in patients with or without H pylori infection. Logistic regression analysis showed that the symptoms including heavy feeling in head or body (t= 2.563), and thirst (t= 2.478) were significantly related with CD4 cell infiltration in gastric mucosa (P＜0.05), and cool limbs with aversion to cold were related with CD8cell infiltration (t = 2.872, P＜0.05). Further analysis showed that non-digestive related symptom assemblage could increase the predicted percentage of CD4 and CD8cell infiltration in gastric mucosa, including lower CD4infiltration by 12.5%, higher CD8 infiltration by 33.3%,and also non-H pylori infection by 23.6%.K-means cluster analysis of all symptoms and CD4 and CD8 cell infiltration in gastric mucosa showed a similar tendency to increase the predicted percentage of CD4, CD8 cell infiltration and H pylori infection.CONCLUSION: Based on correlation between the gastric mucosa lymphocyte infiltration, H pylori infection and clinical symptoms, symptoms or symptomatic assemblages play an important role in making further classification of chronic gastritis, which might help find a more specific therapy for chronic gastritis.

Clinical manifestation,lifestyle,and treatment patterns of chronic erosive gastritis:A multicenter real-world study in China

BACKGROUND Although chronic erosive gastritis(CEG)is common,its clinical characteristics have not been fully elucidated.The lack of consensus regarding its treatment has resulted in varied treatment regimens.AIM To explore the clinical characteristics,treatment patterns,and short-term outcomes in CEG patients in China.METHODS We recruited patients with chronic non-atrophic or mild-to-moderate atrophic gastritis with erosion based on endoscopy and pathology.Patients and treating physicians completed a questionnaire regarding history,endoscopic findings,and treatment plans as well as a follow-up questionnaire to investigate changes in symptoms after 4 wk of treatment.RESULTS Three thousand five hundred sixty-three patients from 42 centers across 24 cities in China were included.Epigastric pain(68.0%),abdominal distension(62.6%),and postprandial fullness(47.5%)were the most common presenting symptoms.Gastritis was classified as chronic non-atrophic in 69.9%of patients.Among those with erosive lesions,72.1%of patients had lesions in the antrum,51.0%had multiple lesions,and 67.3%had superficial flat lesions.In patients with epigastric pain,the combination of a mucosal protective agent(MPA)and proton pump inhibitor was more effective.For those with postprandial fullness,acid regurgitation,early satiety,or nausea,a MPA appeared more promising.CONCLUSION CEG is a multifactorial disease which is common in Asian patients and has non-specific symptoms.Gastroscopy may play a major role in its detection and diagnosis.Treatment should be individualized based on symptom profile.

Accurate diagnosis of myalgic encephalomyelitis and chronic fatigue syndrome based upon objective test methods for characteristic symptoms

Although myalgic encephalomyelitis(ME) and chronic fatigue syndrome(CFS) are considered to be synonymous,the definitional criteria for ME and CFS define two distinct,partially overlapping,clinical entities.ME,whether defined by the original criteria or by the recently proposed criteria,is not equivalent to CFS,let alone a severe variant of incapacitating chronic fatigue.Distinctive features of ME are:muscle weaknessand easy muscle fatigability,cognitive impairment,circulatory deficits,a marked variability of the symptoms in presence and severity,but above all,post-exertional "malaise":a(delayed) prolonged aggravation of symptoms after a minor exertion.In contrast,CFS is primarily defined by(unexplained) chronic fatigue,which should be accompanied by four out of a list of 8 symptoms,e.g.,headaches.Due to the subjective nature of several symptoms of ME and CFS,researchers and clinicians have questioned the physiological origin of these symptoms and qualified ME and CFS as functional somatic syndromes.However,various characteristic symptoms,e.g.,post-exertional "malaise" and muscle weakness,can be assessed objectively using wellaccepted methods,e.g.,cardiopulmonary exercise tests and cognitive tests.The objective measures acquired by these methods should be used to accurately diagnose patients,to evaluate the severity and impact of the illness objectively and to assess the positive and negative effects of proposed therapies impartially.

Esomeprazole regimens for reflux symptoms in Chinesepatients with chronic gastrit

AIM To compare symptom control with esomeprazoleregimens for non-erosive reflux disease and chronicgastritis in patients with a negative endoscopy.METHODS： This randomized, open-label study wasdesigned in line with clinical practice in China. Patientswith typical reflux symptoms for ≥ 3 mo and a negativeendoscopy who had a Gastroesophageal Reflux DiseaseQuestionnaire score ≥ 8 were randomized to initialtreatment with esomeprazole 20 mg once daily eitherfor 8 wk or for 2 wk. Patients with symptom reliefcould enter another 24 wk of maintenance/on-demandtreatment, where further courses of esomeprazole 20mg once daily were given if symptoms recurred. Theprimary endpoint was the symptom control rate at week24 of the maintenance/on-demand treatment period.Secondary endpoints were symptom relief rate, successrate （defined as patients who had symptom reliefafter initial treatment and after 24 wk of maintenancetreatment）, time-to-first-relapse and satisfaction rate.RESULTS： Based on the data collected in the modifiedintention-to-treat population （MITT; patients in the ITTpopulation with symptom relief after initial esomeprazoletreatment, n = 262）, the symptom control rate showeda small but statistically significant difference in favorof the 8-wk regimen （94.9% vs 87.3%, P = 0.0473）.Among the secondary endpoints, based on the datacollected in the ITT population （n = 305）, the 8-wkgroup presented marginally better results in symptomrelief after initial esomeprazole treatment （88.3% vs83.4%, P = 0.2513） and success rate over the wholestudy （83.8% vs 72.8%, P = 0.0258）. The 8-wkregimen was found to provide a 46% reduction in riskof relapse vs the 2-wk regimen （HR = 0.543; 95%CI：0.388-0.761）. In addition, fewer unscheduled visits andhigher patient satisfaction supported the therapeuticbenefits of the 8-wk regimen over the 2-wk regimen.Safety was comparable between the two groups, withboth regimens being well tolerated.CONCLUSION： Chinese patients diagnosed withchronic gastritis achieved marginally better control ofreflux symptoms with an 8-wk vs a 2-wk esomeprazoleregimen, with a similar safety profile.

Gastrointestinal symptoms as the first sign of chronic granulomatous disease in a neonate: A case report

BACKGROUND Chronic granulomatous disease(CGD)characterized by recurrent and severe bacterial and fungal infections is most common in childhood.CASE SUMMARY We reported a 24-d-old male infant who developed gastrointestinal symptoms as the first sign of CGD.CONCLUSION Gastrointestinal symptoms representing the first sign of CGD are very rare,and prompt diagnosis and treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics were of crucial importance.

Clinical Analysis of Acupuncture Combined with Acupoint Injection for the Treatment of Chronic Nonbacterial Prostatitis

Objective:To evaluate the therapeutic effect of acupuncture combined with acupoint injection on chronic nonbacterial prostatitis(CNP).Methods:A total of 72 CNP patients admitted between March 2022 and October 2023 were selected.The patients were randomly divided into two groups using a random number table.The combined treatment group(36 cases)received acupuncture combined with acupoint injection therapy,while the control group(36 cases)received conventional Western medicine treatment.The overall efficacy rate,symptom severity,prostatic fluid indicators,incidence of adverse reactions,and recurrence rates were compared.Results:The overall efficacy rate of the combined treatment group was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).After 10 days of treatment,the symptom severity score of the combined treatment group was higher than that of the control group,and the prostatic fluid indicators were lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions in the combined treatment group was lower than in the control group(P<0.05).During the follow-up period of 1-6 months,the recurrence rate in the combined treatment group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Acupuncture combined with acupoint injection can alleviate CNP disease symptoms,improve prostate function,and prevent post-treatment adverse reactions.It also has a lower recurrence risk and demonstrates excellent efficacy.

Paradoxical association between dyspepsia and autoimmune chronic atrophic gastritis:Insights into mechanisms,pathophysiology,and treatment options

BACKGROUND Autoimmune gastritis(AIG)is a progressive,chronic,immune-mediated inflammatory disease characterized by the destruction of gastric parietal cells leading to hypo/anacidity and loss of intrinsic factor.Gastrointestinal symptoms such as dyspepsia and early satiety are very common,being second in terms of frequency only to anemia,which is the most typical feature of AIG.AIM To address both well-established and more innovative information and knowledge about this challenging disorder.METHODS An extensive bibliographical search was performed in PubMed to identify guidelines and primary literature(retrospective and prospective studies,systematic reviews,case series)published in the last 10 years.RESULTS A total of 125 records were reviewed and 80 were defined as fulfilling the criteria.CONCLUSION AIG can cause a range of clinical manifestations,including dyspepsia.The pathophysiology of dyspepsia in AIG is complex and involves changes in acid secretion,gastric motility,hormone signaling,and gut microbiota,among other factors.Managing dyspeptic symptoms of AIG is challenging and there are no specific therapies targeting dyspepsia in AIG.While proton pump inhibitors are commonly used to treat dyspepsia and gastroesophageal reflux disease,they may not be appropriate for AIG.Prokinetic agents,antidepressant drugs,and non-pharmacological treatments may be of help,even if not adequately evidence-based supported.A multidisciplinary approach for the management of dyspepsia in AIG is recommended,and further research is needed to develop and validate more effective therapies for dyspepsia.

Metabolic syndrome and lower urinary tract symptoms

Recently,clinical and epidemiologic data indicating the involvement of metabolic syndrome(Met S)in the pathogenesis and progression of lower urinary tract symptom(LUTS)/benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH)are reported.This review evaluates the reports on the influence of MetS in the development and progression of LUTS/BPH,and discusses possible clinical implications for the management and treatment of this disease.Recent studies on the epidemiological relationship between MetS and LUTS hypothesize that MetS may be associated with an overactivity of the autonomic nervous system for which hyperinsulinemia,a key element of the Met S,might be responsible.An alternative explanation is that LUTS are associated with chronic ischemia of pelvis resulting from atherosclerotic changes in blood vessels,which leads the production of reactive oxygen species,which can damage the bladder detrusor.Control of autonomic nervous system overactivity and control of chronic bladder ischemia have potential as new targets for LUTS treatment.Studies suggest an association of Met S with LUTS/BPH,although further research is needed to understand how MetS influences LUTS/BPH.Met S should be considered a new domain in basic and clinical research in patients with LUTS/BPH and as a target for treatment.

Alcohol intolerance and myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue

BACKGROUND The literature is mixed about the occurrence of alcohol intolerance among patients with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome(ME/CFS).Surveys that asked respondents with ME/CFS whether they experienced alcohol intolerance within a recent time frame might produce inaccurate results because respondents may indicate that the symptom was not present if they avoid alcohol due to alcohol intolerance.AIM To overcome this methodologic problem,participants in the current study were asked whether they have avoided alcohol in the past 6 mo,and if they had,how severe their alcohol intolerance would be if they were to drink alcohol.METHODS The instrument used was a validated scale called the DePaul symptom questionnaire.Independent t-tests were performed among the alcohol intolerant or not alcohol intolerant group.The alcohol intolerant group had 208 participants,and the not alcohol intolerant group had 96 participants.RESULTS Using specially designed questions to properly identify those with alcohol intolerance,those who experienced alcohol intolerance vs those who did not experience alcohol intolerance experienced more frequent/severe symptoms and domains.In addition,using a multiple regression analysis,the orthostatic intolerance symptom domain was related to alcohol intolerance.CONCLUSION The findings from the current study indicated that those with ME/CFS are more likely to experience alcohol intolerance.In addition,those with this symptom have more overall symptoms than those without alcohol intolerance.

聚焦解决模式护理对COPD患者呼吸功能、睡眠质量及症状改善的影响

目的研究聚焦解决模式护理对慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者呼吸功能、睡眠质量及症状改善的影响。方法选取2020年1月至2022年5月收入的COPD患者90例,按随机数字表法均分2组,对照组接受常规护理,观察组接受聚焦解决模式护理,比较2组的临床干预效果。结果干预后,观察组各症状改善时间包括喘憋[(2.51±0.87)d]、咳嗽[(4.11±1.02)d]及肺部啰音时间[(4.65±1.32)d]均短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。出院6个月显示观察组治疗依从性各项得分包括运动锻炼[(82.33±2.31)分]、改变生活方式[(85.18±2.24)分]、饮食[(88.25±2.42)分]、服药[(90.59±2.74)分]均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组干预前R5与R20值比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,观察组R5[(0.39±0.06)kPa·L^(-1)·s^(-1)]与R20[(0.23±0.03)kPa·L^(-1)·s^(-1)]测定值均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组干预前PSQI量表评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,观察组该项评分[(9.31±1.05)分]低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论聚焦解决模式护理能够更好地控制COPD患者的临床症状,改善其呼吸功能及睡眠质量,值得临床推广借鉴。

术前新型冠状病毒感染患者慢性术后疼痛发生率及其危险因素分析:一项双向队列研究

目的探究术前新型冠状病毒感染(corona virus disease 2019,COVID⁃19)患者慢性术后疼痛(chronic postsurgical pain,CPSP)发生现况,并进一步分析CPSP的危险因素。方法本研究为一项双向队列研究,研究对象来源于一项已完成随访的前瞻性队列研究。回顾性纳入2022年12月1日—2023年2月28日北京协和医院术前合并COVID⁃19且接受手术治疗患者的临床资料,并前瞻性对入组患者随访至术后6个月,主要结局指标为CPSP。采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析COVID⁃19相关暴露指标与CPSP的相关性。结果共入选符合纳入与排除标准的手术患者4117例,术前均合并COVID⁃19。其中急性期轻症4002例,重症62例,危重症53例。术后6个月时伴有长新冠综合征1298例(31.53%),CPSP发生率为5.59%(95%CI:4.88%~6.28%)。多因素Logistic回归分析校正年龄、性别、合并症、麻醉方法、手术种类等混杂因素后发现,急性期危重症COVID⁃19(aOR=3.35,95%CI:1.48~7.62,P<0.001)、有术后长新冠综合征(aOR=2.50,95%CI:1.90~3.29,P<0.001)与CPSP相关。结论本研究首次明确急性期危重症及术后存在长新冠综合征与术前COVID⁃19患者CPSP具有相关性。

初诊慢性阻塞性肺疾病伴高压病临床症状、生存质量及实验室指标研究

目的探讨初诊慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)伴高血压患者呼吸道症状、生存质量、血常规及外周血骨代谢指标特征及意义。方法选取2019年1月至2022年4月在我院治疗的初诊COPD伴高血压患者92例作为观察组,同时选取初诊无高血压的COPD患者92例作为对照组,比较两组改良版英国医学研究委员会呼吸问卷(mMRC)、COPD患者自我评估测试问卷(CAT)、COPD全球倡议(GOLD)、SF-36量表评分、血常规及骨代谢指标差异。结果观察组mMRC评级≥2级的比例、CAT评分明显高于对照组(P<0.05),而SF-36评分明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组GOLD分级明显高于对照组(P<0.05),用力肺活量(FVC)和第一秒呼气量(FEV_(1))明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组和对照组白细胞计数(WBC)、中性粒细胞计数(NEUT)、淋巴细胞计数(LYM)等比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组股骨颈骨密度、血钙水平明显低于对照组(P<0.05),而甲状旁腺激素(PTH)和骨钙素(BGP)水平明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组C反应蛋白(CRP)、降钙素原(PCT)、白细胞介素(IL)-6、IL-4和IL-10明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组高血压分级与mMRC评级、CAT评分和GOLD分级呈正相关(r_(s)=0.455、0.302、0.501,P<0.05),而与FVC、FEV1呈负相关(r_(s)=-0.311、-0.334,P<0.05)。结论初诊COPD伴高血压病患者呼吸症状较重,生存质量较差,发生骨质疏松风险增加,同时患者血压情况与呼吸症状程度有一定关系。

重点环节护理模式在慢性根尖周炎患者根管治疗中的临床效果

目的探讨重点环节护理模式应用于慢性根尖周炎患者根管治疗中的临床效果。方法94例慢性根尖周炎行根管治疗的患者随机分为两组,对照组予以常规护理,观察组予以重点环节护理模式,比较两组的焦虑症状、疼痛程度以及并发症。结果干预后,观察组的SAS评分、NRS评分均低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组的并发症发生率为6.38%,低于对照组的21.28%(P<0.05)。结论重点环节护理模式有利于减轻慢性根尖周炎根管治疗患者的焦虑症状及疼痛程度,降低并发症发生风险。

计算机化认知行为疗法在慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者症状群管理中的影响:一项随机对照试验

目的:针对慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,COPD)患者存在的症状多样性、自我管理能力不足及心理健康复杂性等特点,探讨计算机化认知行为疗法(computerized cognitive behavioral therapy,CCBT)的干预效果。方法:采用单中心、双盲、随机对照试验,将2023年3—10月于山西医科大学第一医院就诊的72例急性加重期COPD患者纳入研究对象,采用随机数字表法将患者随机分配至观察组(37例)和对照组(35例)。对照组治疗包括常规护理及电话随访,观察组在对照组的基础上接受为期6周的CCBT。采用主要指标(焦虑和抑郁程度)和次要指标[呼吸困难、6分钟步行距离(6-minute walk distance,6MWD)、失眠和疲乏状况]作为评价指标,并于治疗前、中、后进行比较。结果:观察组在CCBT干预6周后的焦虑评分[(53.64±1.46)分]、抑郁评分[(56.59±3.52)分]、呼吸困难评分[(2.14±0.67)分]、失眠评分[(6.19±1.65)分]和疲乏评分[(40.65±0.33)分],均低于干预3周后的焦虑评分[(55.14±2.37)分]、抑郁评分[(58.55±2.33)分]、呼吸困难评分[(2.72±0.45)分]、失眠评分[(7.97±1.57)分]和疲乏评分[(46.09±0.26)分],干预6周后的6MWD[(280.00±8.33)m]高于干预3周后的6MWD[(268.59±7.86)m],差异均有统计学意义(F值分别为16.141、76.745、14.976、46.250、42.337、11.700,P值分别为<0.001、<0.001、<0.001、<0.001、<0.001、0.001);且在干预3周后对照组焦虑评分[(57.43±2.33)分]、抑郁评分[(62.46±2.39)分]、呼吸困难评分[(3.06±0.42)分]、失眠评分[(9.83±1.65)分]及疲乏评分[(47.49±0.33)分]均低于观察组,6MWD[(262.14±9.11)m]高于观察组,差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为―4.564、―7.673、―3.200、―4.881、―3.334、2.992,P值分别为<0.001、<0.001、0.002、<0.001、<0.001、0.004)。干预6周后对照组焦虑评分[(55.04±2.36)分]、抑郁评分[(59.89±2.42)分]、呼吸困难评分[(2.74±0.56)分]、失眠评分[(9.00±1.77)分]和疲乏评分[(43.11±0.33)分]均高于观察组[分别为(53.64±1.46)分、(56.59±3.52)分、(2.14±0.67)分、(6.19±1.65)分、(40.65±0.33)分],6MWD[(275.29±7.85)m]低于观察组[(280.00±8.33)m],差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为―2.354、―4.917、―4.149、―6.988、―5.305、2.467,P值分别为0.021、<0.001、<0.001、<0.001、<0.001、0.016)。结论:基于CCBT的非药物辅助治疗方式,可明显改善COPD患者的症状群相关症状,有效提高患者生活质量;增加干预时间可以显著提高患者治疗效果。

慢性心力衰竭患者和照护者对疾病症状的二元评价一致性现状及影响因素分析

目的 :调查并分析慢性心力衰竭患者和其照护者对疾病症状的二元评价一致性现状及影响因素,以期为制定有针对性的干预措施提供参考。方法 :采用便利抽样法,选取2021年8月至2022年9月在武汉市某三级甲等医院心内科接受治疗且病情稳定的198例慢性心力衰竭患者及其照护者为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、Memorial心力衰竭症状评估表、二元应对问卷、中文版Piper疲乏修订量表、自我隐瞒量表进行调查,并统计分析结果。结果 :慢性心力衰竭患者和照护者对疾病症状的二元评价在心理症状方面,照护者评分为(35.36±7.61)分,低于患者评分的(42.42±9.34)分(P<0.05)。多元线性回归结果显示,患者的二元应对、自我隐瞒水平、共患疾病数和照护者的性别及疲劳水平是心理症状二元评价差的影响因素。结论 :慢性心力衰竭照护者低估患者心理症状的严重程度,针对二元应对消极、自我隐瞒水平高、共患疾病数多的患者及男性、疲劳水平高的照护者,医护人员应鼓励患者主动倾诉,对照护者进行沟通及共情能力培训,提升二元疾病评价一致性。

耳部全息铜砭刮痧联合耳穴埋豆对社区肝阳上亢型高血压患者的干预效果评价

目的观察耳部全息铜砭刮痧联合耳穴埋豆对社区肝阳上亢型高血压患者的干预效果。方法选取2023年1月—6月厦门大学附属第一医院思明区中华道社区卫生服务中心参与慢病管理的肝阳上亢型高血压患者76例,按照随机数字表法分为对照组及研究组,各38例。对照组给予口服降压药物及常规高血压慢性病管理,研究组在对照组基础上采用耳部全息铜砭刮痧联合耳穴埋豆治疗。对比分析两组干预前后血压水平和中医症候总积分。结果干预后,两组患者收缩压和舒张压均较干预前下降,且研究组患者收缩压明显改善效果优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。干预后,两组患者中医证候评分均较干预前降低,且研究组中医证候评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论耳部全息铜砭刮痧联合耳穴埋豆对社区肝阳上亢型高血压患者的血压水平控制及中医症候的改善具有明确效果,对提高社区高血压慢性病管理质量具有重要促进作用,值得社区推广运用。

子宫内膜异位症患者腹腔镜手术后不同分型对消化功能的影响

目的探讨不同临床病理分型子宫内膜异位症(EMs)患者腹腔镜术后消化功能的影响。方法收集2018年12月至2022年12月期间115例腹腔镜诊断为EMs患者的临床资料,根据患者临床病理分型将患者分为腹膜型内异症(PEM)组(n=35)、卵巢内异症(OMA)组(n=37)、深部浸润型内异症(DIE)组(n=43)。收集患者一般资料,通过视觉模拟评分(VAS)评估所有患者术后6个月和12个月疼痛情况,并通过胃肠道生活质量指数(GIQLI)和诺尔斯爱克斯里斯科特症状量表(KESS)比较3组术后消化功能变化情况。结果3组研究对象在一般资料方面无显著差异,具有可比性。OMA组的手术时间显著长于PEM组,而DIE组的手术时间、出血量和住院时间均显著高于其他两组(P<0.01)。DIE组有88.37%的患者接受肠道手术,显著高于其他两组(P<0.01)。3组患者术后并发症发生率较低,无统计学意义(P>0.05)。DIE组在术前GIQLI评分较低,KESS评分较高,表明其胃肠功能较差。术后GIQLI评分和KESS评分相比于其他两组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。3组患者术前和术后12月的VAS得分无显著差异,但DIE组在术后1年的GIQLI评分和KESS评分显著低于PEM组和OMA组(P<0.01)。结论不同临床病理分型的EMs患者腹腔镜术后消化功能存在差异,DIE组的消化功能受损最严重,需要更多的关注和干预。

基于国医大师郭子光“人-症-病-证”体系探析慢性萎缩性胃炎临床辨治路径

慢性萎缩性胃炎(Chronic Atrophic Gastritis,CAG)中常见的肠上皮化生、异型增生属于胃癌前状态。中医在逆转肠上皮化生及异型增生方面具有治疗优势。笔者系国医大师郭子光教授学术传承人,在郭师学术思想指导下,初步提出基于“人-症-病-证”体系慢性萎缩性胃炎临床辨治路径。以病为纲,抓住CAG“脾气胃阴亏虚,湿热瘀阻胃络”的共性核心病机;兼顾个性,结合患者不同证型的个性病机。以“益气养阴,清热燥湿,和胃通络”为基本治则,创制了“益胃复萎”方这一验方,基于此方,分型分期加减论治。病证结合,最大化地优化临床疗效,更能发挥中医特色优势。