<strong>Introduction:</strong> Chronic renal failure (CRF) is defined as glomerular filtration rate (GFR) less than 60 ml/min/1.73m<sup>2</sup> for at least three (3) months. Anemia is one of i...<strong>Introduction:</strong> Chronic renal failure (CRF) is defined as glomerular filtration rate (GFR) less than 60 ml/min/1.73m<sup>2</sup> for at least three (3) months. Anemia is one of its most common complications. Anemia increases the risk factor for cardiovascular mortality by 18% per gram of hemoglobin loss. <strong>Objectives:</strong> To determine the prevalence and characteristics of this severe anemia, to determine the indications for transfusion, the complications related to this anemia, the evolution and the prognosis of these patients. <strong>Materials and Methods:</strong> This was a descriptive study with retrospective data collection over 18 months (January 1, 2017 to June 30, 2018) that included hospitalized CRF patients. Were included, non-dialyzed chronic renal failure patients with Hb ≤ 5 g/dl hospitalized during the said period. Not included were chronic renal failure patients with an Hb level ≥ 5 g/dl, those followed up and/or hospitalized outside the study period. <strong>Results:</strong> Among 1176 patients, 26 had severe anemia (Hb level ≤ 5 g/dl) on CRF, a prevalence of 2.21%. The mean age was 40 years ± 32.62 with extremes of 15 and 67 years. Seventeen women and 9 men. The etiology of chronic renal failure (CRF) was hypertensive vascular nephropathy in 50% of cases. CRF was end-stage in 18 patients (69.2%). The mean hemoglobin level was 4.10 g/dl ± 0.64 with extremes of 2 and 5 g/dl. The anemia was microcytic hypochromic in 50% and aregenerative (96.2%). The main symptoms were asthenia in 20 cases (76.9%), dizziness in 20 cases (76.9%), exertional dyspnea in 19 cases (73.1%). Signs of cardiac decompensation (n = 12) were jugular turgor 10 cases (38.5%), hepato-jugular reflux 06 cases (23.1%), mitral insufficiency murmur 06 cases (23.1%). The main complication was left ventricular hypertrophy 17 cases (77.3%). There was no correlation between anemia and sex (p = 0.291), age (p = 0.778), malaria (p = 0.158), etiology of CRF (p = 0.26). The evolution after treatment of anemia was favorable in 19 patients (73.1%), unfavorable in 02 patients (7.7%) and 05 deaths (19.2%). The deaths were of cardiovascular cause: left ventricular insufficiency 04 cases, stroke 01 case. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Anemia is frequent in patients with chronic renal failure and remains an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease and poor general condition.展开更多
Objective: Long-acting darbepoetin-α (DA) has recently been used to treat renal anemia in patients with chronic renal failure. It is considered clinically useful because its duration of action is longer than that of ...Objective: Long-acting darbepoetin-α (DA) has recently been used to treat renal anemia in patients with chronic renal failure. It is considered clinically useful because its duration of action is longer than that of conventional epoetin-α. In this study, we investigated changes in the levels of the oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde-modified low density lipoprotein (MDA-LDL), renal anemia, and renal function when patients were treated for chronic renal failure switched from epoetin-α to DA. Materials and Methods: The subjects included nine patients with chronic renal failure and renal anemia who were treated with epoetin-α on an outpatient basis at our department. Blood was sampled prior to the switch and at 3, 6, and 12 months after the switch. We then investigated changes in MDA-LDL, hemoglobin (Hb), and creatinine (Cr) levels. Results: There were no significant changes in MDA-LDL and Hb levels after switching to DA. A significant increase was observed in Cr levels after 12 months compared with those prior to switching. Conclusion: Once-a-month administration of DA did not result in an increase in oxidative stress, and therefore, DA is considered capable of controlling renal anemia.展开更多
<b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Objective:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> The aim of the work is to study the relationship between Red blood cell ...<b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Objective:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> The aim of the work is to study the relationship between Red blood cell osmotic fragility and level of parathyroid hormone in patients with different stages of Chronic Kidney Disease including End Stage Renal Disease. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Background:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Anaemia is one of the common complications associated with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) responsible for the increase in the morbidity and mortality in such patients. Several factors have been attributed to caus</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ing</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> renal anaemia, amongst which hyperparathyroidism is one of the less recognised reasons. The level of PTH in early stages of chronic kidney disease has not been much studied. The excess amount of Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) secondary to CKD has been suggested to be a causative factor for anaemia. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Method:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">A</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">number of chronic kidney disease patients were studied for the relationship between Red cell osmotic fragility and level of parathyroid hormone.</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> This study was conducted on a number of 111 patients with chronic kidney disease classified into three groups. The study revealed a significant fall in Hb%, along with a rise in Median Osmotic Fragility (MOF) and PTH in the CKD patients. iPTH and MOF were significantly lower in group 3 as compared with cases in group 1. Also, iPTH and MOF were significantly lower in cases in group 2 as compared with cases in group 1. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusions:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Based on our findings, secondary hyperparathyroidism has considerable effects on erythrocyte survival, contributing to increased fragility and anemia.</span>展开更多
文摘<strong>Introduction:</strong> Chronic renal failure (CRF) is defined as glomerular filtration rate (GFR) less than 60 ml/min/1.73m<sup>2</sup> for at least three (3) months. Anemia is one of its most common complications. Anemia increases the risk factor for cardiovascular mortality by 18% per gram of hemoglobin loss. <strong>Objectives:</strong> To determine the prevalence and characteristics of this severe anemia, to determine the indications for transfusion, the complications related to this anemia, the evolution and the prognosis of these patients. <strong>Materials and Methods:</strong> This was a descriptive study with retrospective data collection over 18 months (January 1, 2017 to June 30, 2018) that included hospitalized CRF patients. Were included, non-dialyzed chronic renal failure patients with Hb ≤ 5 g/dl hospitalized during the said period. Not included were chronic renal failure patients with an Hb level ≥ 5 g/dl, those followed up and/or hospitalized outside the study period. <strong>Results:</strong> Among 1176 patients, 26 had severe anemia (Hb level ≤ 5 g/dl) on CRF, a prevalence of 2.21%. The mean age was 40 years ± 32.62 with extremes of 15 and 67 years. Seventeen women and 9 men. The etiology of chronic renal failure (CRF) was hypertensive vascular nephropathy in 50% of cases. CRF was end-stage in 18 patients (69.2%). The mean hemoglobin level was 4.10 g/dl ± 0.64 with extremes of 2 and 5 g/dl. The anemia was microcytic hypochromic in 50% and aregenerative (96.2%). The main symptoms were asthenia in 20 cases (76.9%), dizziness in 20 cases (76.9%), exertional dyspnea in 19 cases (73.1%). Signs of cardiac decompensation (n = 12) were jugular turgor 10 cases (38.5%), hepato-jugular reflux 06 cases (23.1%), mitral insufficiency murmur 06 cases (23.1%). The main complication was left ventricular hypertrophy 17 cases (77.3%). There was no correlation between anemia and sex (p = 0.291), age (p = 0.778), malaria (p = 0.158), etiology of CRF (p = 0.26). The evolution after treatment of anemia was favorable in 19 patients (73.1%), unfavorable in 02 patients (7.7%) and 05 deaths (19.2%). The deaths were of cardiovascular cause: left ventricular insufficiency 04 cases, stroke 01 case. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Anemia is frequent in patients with chronic renal failure and remains an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease and poor general condition.
文摘Objective: Long-acting darbepoetin-α (DA) has recently been used to treat renal anemia in patients with chronic renal failure. It is considered clinically useful because its duration of action is longer than that of conventional epoetin-α. In this study, we investigated changes in the levels of the oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde-modified low density lipoprotein (MDA-LDL), renal anemia, and renal function when patients were treated for chronic renal failure switched from epoetin-α to DA. Materials and Methods: The subjects included nine patients with chronic renal failure and renal anemia who were treated with epoetin-α on an outpatient basis at our department. Blood was sampled prior to the switch and at 3, 6, and 12 months after the switch. We then investigated changes in MDA-LDL, hemoglobin (Hb), and creatinine (Cr) levels. Results: There were no significant changes in MDA-LDL and Hb levels after switching to DA. A significant increase was observed in Cr levels after 12 months compared with those prior to switching. Conclusion: Once-a-month administration of DA did not result in an increase in oxidative stress, and therefore, DA is considered capable of controlling renal anemia.
文摘<b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Objective:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> The aim of the work is to study the relationship between Red blood cell osmotic fragility and level of parathyroid hormone in patients with different stages of Chronic Kidney Disease including End Stage Renal Disease. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Background:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Anaemia is one of the common complications associated with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) responsible for the increase in the morbidity and mortality in such patients. Several factors have been attributed to caus</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ing</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> renal anaemia, amongst which hyperparathyroidism is one of the less recognised reasons. The level of PTH in early stages of chronic kidney disease has not been much studied. The excess amount of Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) secondary to CKD has been suggested to be a causative factor for anaemia. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Method:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">A</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">number of chronic kidney disease patients were studied for the relationship between Red cell osmotic fragility and level of parathyroid hormone.</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> This study was conducted on a number of 111 patients with chronic kidney disease classified into three groups. The study revealed a significant fall in Hb%, along with a rise in Median Osmotic Fragility (MOF) and PTH in the CKD patients. iPTH and MOF were significantly lower in group 3 as compared with cases in group 1. Also, iPTH and MOF were significantly lower in cases in group 2 as compared with cases in group 1. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusions:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Based on our findings, secondary hyperparathyroidism has considerable effects on erythrocyte survival, contributing to increased fragility and anemia.</span>