Hepatoprotective effect of Cichorium intybus L.,a traditional Uighur medicine,against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats

AIM:To investigate the hepatoprotective effect of a Cichorium intybus L.extract(CIE)on CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats.METHODS:Seventy-two male Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into six groups of twelve rats each.The normal control group was allowed free access to food and water.Liver injury was performed in the remaining five groups with an i.p.injection of a 1.0mL/kg CCl4 and olive oil(2:3 v/v)mixture,twice weekly for 8 weeks.All rats,with the exception of the injury model group,were intragastrically(i.g.,)administered quantum satis(q.s.)dosages[CIE group:6,18,and 54 mg/kg,respectively;Fu Fang Bie Jia Ruan Gan Pian(FFBJRGP)group:780 mg/kg].The oral administration of different drugs was performed on the day before CCl4 administration and subsequently once per day for8 wk.The serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase(AST),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),hexadecenoic acid(HA),laminin(LN),hydroxyproline(Hyp),and glutathione(GSH),malondialdehyde(MDA)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)in the rat livers were measured.Histopathological changes in the liver were assessed for each group using HE staining and a Masson Trichrome examination.The expression of transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)andα-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA)was examined by immunohistochemical analysis.RESULTS:CIE at oral doses of 6,18,and 54 g/kg per day showed a significant hepatoprotective effect,especially at a dose of 54 g/kg per day.CIE doses reduced the levels of AST(149.04±34.44,P<0.01),ALT(100.72±27.19,P<0.01),HA(548.50±65.09,P<0.01),LN(28.69±3.32,P<0.01)and Hyp(263.33±75.82,P<0.01).With regards to hepatoprotective activity,the CIE dose of 54 g/kg per day produced the largest significant effect by increasing GSH(3.11±0.81),SOD(269.98±33.77,P<0.01)and reducing MDA(2.76±0.51,P<0.01)levels in the liver.The expressions of TGF-β1 andα-SMA were measured by immunohistology and found to be significantly reduced by CIE in a dose-dependent manner.

Effects of the Mixture of <i>Cichorium intybus</i>L. and <i>Cinnamomum zeylanicum</i>on Hepatic Enzymes Activity and Biochemical Parameters in Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) as a metabolic disorder affecting the liver function is rapidly increasing and there is a need to develop new and more efficient treatment. This study was designed to evaluate the protective effect of Cichorium intybus L. and Cinnamon mixture infusion (2.5 and 0.5 g/100mL and twice/day) on patients with NAFLD. This before-after clinical trial study was performed on 25 patients with NAFLD. They were administered the mixture of extract prepared in special bags twice a day for 30 days. Hepatic and metabolic markers of NAFLD like alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphates (ALP), fasting blood sugar (FBS), cholesterol (chol), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in plasma and also, fatty liver ultrasonographic grading were determined before and after using the extracts. 30-day treatment with extracts in NAFLD patients resulted in a significant decrease in ALT and AST. FBS, TG and ALP were also decreased after administration of the extracts but not significantly. A significant linear correlation was found between age and ALP, and between gender and liver enzymes. It is concluded that the mixture of Cichorium intybus L. and Cinnamon extracts has some benefits in NAFLD patients making them valuable for future investigations.

Effects of chicory(Cichorium intybus L.)on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

There is a dramatic increase in the prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, which is slowly turning into apandemic as well as a major challenge across the world. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is described as a range ofliver conditions such as fat accumulation, hepatic steatosis, or end-stage liver disease. Patients with nonalcoholicfatty liver disease are asymptomatic and their mortality is higher than people without nonalcoholic fatty liverdisease. The pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease has not been clearly determined yet. The “two hits”hypothesis is designed to explain the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Dyslipidemia, oxidativestress, insulin resistance, obesity, and chronic inflammation are some of the morbidities involved in the progressionof nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) is an herbaceous perennial, known as chicory.Chicory contains various compounds, such as vitamins, sonchuside A, caffeic acid derivatives,fructo-oligosaccharides, chlorogenic acid, magnolialide, polysaccharides, coumarins, phenolic acids, terpenoids,flavonoids, polyphenol, cichoriosides, ixerisosides, eudesmanolides, inulin, bitter sesquiterpene lactones, andalkaloids. Current research has revealed that chicory supplementation might be effective in the treatment ofnonalcoholic fatty liver disease. The anti-inflammatory, antihepatotoxic, antihyperlipidemic, antidiabetic,antihyperglycemic, and antioxidant properties of chicory provide plausible mechanisms by which chicory mayaffect the various steps of disease progression and severity. Existing studies have shown that chicorysupplementation has beneficial effects on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, but the existence of only one humanstudy and possible side effects of chicory necessitate further studies.

Advances in Research of Cichorium intybus L.in Preventing and Treating Hyperuricemia

With the rapid social development,people s living habits have undergone great changes.Fast-paced lifestyles have led to an increase in people s unhealthy living habits,especially in diet,such as unreasonable dietary structure and irregular diet.In this situation,the number of patients with hyperuricemia has also been increasing,and the hyperuricemia trend is becoming younger.Clinically,western medicines for lowering uric acid are commonly used,which are not safe and have the risk of injuring the liver and kidney functions.Cichorium intybus L.as a medicinal and edible material,plays an important role in treating the hyperuricemia.Recent studies have shown that C.intybus has significant effect of lowering the uric acid.This paper reviewed the experimental studies of C.intybus inhibiting uric acid production and promoting uric acid excretion,discussed its therapeutic effects and action mechanism,to provide a reference for the development of C.intybus drugs for lowering the uric acid.

基于高通量测序分析毛菊苣醇提物对db/db小鼠肠道菌群的影响

该文探究毛菊苣醇提物对糖尿病小鼠(db/db小鼠)肠道菌群的影响。该研究以m/m小鼠为正常对照组(CON组),db/db小鼠随机分为模型组(MOD组)、二甲双胍组(MET组)、毛菊苣醇提物低剂量组(CGL组)、毛菊苣醇提物高剂量组(CGH组)。灌胃给药8周,对小鼠体质量、空腹血糖、肝脏总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)进行分析,对小鼠粪便进行16S rRNA测序分析,探究毛菊苣醇提物对小鼠肠道菌群的影响。毛菊苣醇提物高剂量组可调节db/db小鼠体质量及血糖,显著降低db/db小鼠TC、TG水平(P<0.05);测序结果显示CON组、MOD组、CGH组三组小鼠肠道菌群情况存在差异,毛菊苣醇提物给药可改善db/db小鼠的肠道菌群失调,上调db/db小鼠肠道菌群中有益菌双歧杆菌属(Bifidobacterium)、Romboutsia、普雷沃氏菌属(Prevotella)菌群相对丰度。研究证明了毛菊苣醇提物给药能调节db/db小鼠肠道菌群,通过提高有益菌相对丰度调节糖脂代谢,可为新疆地产毛菊苣药材资源的开发利用提供全新的研究思路。

Chemical constituents and their pharmacological activities of plants from Cichorium genus

Plants of genus Cichorium are famous due to their therapeutic and medicinal properties.They are used as traditional medicine and edible food.To date,several scholars concentrated on compounds belonging to coumarins,flavonoids,sesquiterpenoids,triterpenoids,steroids,organic acids and other chemical constituents.Pharmacological effects such as photo-protective,hepatoprotective,anti-diabetic and lipid lowering,antioxidant,anti-inflammation,antifungal,antimalarial,increased bone mineral density,as well as vasorelaxant and antitumour activity were wildly reported.In this study,botanical resources,ethnopharmacological application,chemical constituents and bioactivities,as well as safety and toxicity of clinical applications of genus Cichorium were reviewed,which may provide a reliable basis for further development and utilization of Cichorium genetic resources.

12C^(6+)辐射对菊苣根黄酮类物质及抗氧化活性的影响

为探究12C^(6+)辐射对菊苣中黄酮类物质及抗氧化活性的影响,以菊苣根为试验材料,测定不同12C^(6+)辐射剂量下总黄酮含量及抗氧化活性。利用超高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联四级杆质谱仪(UPLC-ESI-MS/MS),对总黄酮含量显著增加的20、40 Gy辐射组与对照组中黄酮类物质进行靶向代谢组学分析。结果表明,10~40 Gy12C^(6+)辐射均提高了菊苣根总黄酮含量,其中20、40 Gy辐射组含量提升最显著;鉴定出5类11种黄酮类代谢物,橙皮素、氯化矢车菊素-3-O-芸香糖苷是响应12C^(6+)辐射致菊苣根总黄酮含量升高的关键差异代谢物,12C^(6+)辐射影响了紫云英苷、异鼠李素-3-O-葡萄糖苷、木犀草素和橙皮素的合成。类黄酮生物合成途径(ko00941)、黄酮和黄酮醇的生物合成途径(ko00944)富集显著。20、40 Gy剂量辐射提高了菊苣根黄酮提取液的1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH)、2,2’-联氮-双-(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)二铵盐(ABTS+)自由基清除能力及铁离子还原能力(FRAP),显著增强了其抗氧化活性。综上,20、40 Gy剂量的12C^(6+)辐射能提高菊苣根中总黄酮含量,改变菊苣根中黄酮类物质种类及含量,并增强其抗氧化活性。本研究结果为进一步研究菊苣辐射诱变育种提供了理论依据。

基于果蝇模型建立的菊苣提取物抗尿酸盐沉积作用研究

目的:建立尿酸盐沉积果蝇模型并确定其造模条件,并初步观察菊苣提取物抗尿酸盐沉积的作用。方法:以5%酵母提取物饲喂诱导果蝇尿酸盐沉积,通过果蝇马氏小管及后肠偏振光成像、六胺银染色及其匀浆液尿酸水平评价果蝇尿酸盐沉积状态,考察雌雄性别、不同造模时间对果蝇尿酸盐沉积的影响,并应用该模型研究菊苣提取物抗尿酸盐沉积的作用。结果:5%酵母提取物饲喂可成功诱导果蝇尿酸盐沉积;雄性果蝇在造模3 d后开始出现尿酸盐沉积,在造模7 d后大部分出现尿酸盐沉积,各造模时间点果蝇马氏小管及后肠匀浆液尿酸水平持续升高,各造模时间点之间差异不明显;雌性果蝇在造模10 d后开始出现尿酸盐沉积,在造模14 d后大部分出现尿酸盐沉积,各造模时间点果蝇马氏小管及后肠匀浆液尿酸水平持续升高,马氏小管及后肠匀浆液尿酸水平持续升高,各造模时间点之间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);菊苣提取物可减少果蝇马氏小管及后肠偏振光信号,并明显降低其匀浆液的尿酸水平(P<0.001)。结论:以5%酵母提取物饲喂雌性果蝇14 d可较稳定诱导尿酸盐沉积,菊苣提取物可在果蝇模式动物上发挥抗尿酸盐沉积的作用。

香菇菌渣提取物对苦菊生菜穴盘苗生长的影响

为研究香菇菌渣提取物对生菜穴盘苗生长的影响,以苦菊生菜为试验材料,用不同浓度的香菇菌渣提取物溶液(0.2、2、20、200、2000 mg∕L)进行叶喷处理,考察苦菊生菜幼苗的表观形态、株高、根鲜重与干重、地上部鲜重与干重、叶绿素含量、光合参数以及营养品质等指标。结果表明:随着香菇菌渣提取物溶液浓度的增加,苦菊生菜幼苗的株高、光合作用参数和营养品质指标均呈现出先升高后降低的趋势,其中,20 mg∕L香菇菌渣提取物溶液处理的苦菊生菜幼苗各项指标值均最大,可显著提高苦菊生菜育苗质量。

不同有机肥对菊苣(Cichorium intybus)产量和品质的影响

为了探究施用不同有机肥(羊粪,牛粪,鸡粪)对菊苣产量和品质的影响,利于在贵州地区种植优质高产的菊苣牧草。本研究通过田间试验,在贵州遵义播州区西坪镇研究施用不同的有机肥对将军菊苣生产性能和营养成分的影响。结果得出:施用3种不同有机肥后均可提高菊苣粗蛋白的含量,其中鸡粪的效果较好,含量为142.7 mg/g,较空白组提高32.4 mg/g,且对于菊苣的粗脂肪、粗纤维、粗灰分的含量变化影响比羊粪和牛粪的相对要大;牛粪处理后的菊苣株高和鲜草产量最高,株高、产量分别为36.1 cm、22658 kg/hm^2,株高和产量比空白组分别提高出13.8 cm、2504 kg/hm^2。本研究发现,鸡粪作为有机肥料后,能提高菊苣的生产性能和营养成分含量,对菊苣生长具有促进作用。本试验为菊苣在贵州地区高产优产种植以及生态养鸡提供一定的来源和参考。

菊苣根水提物对正常大鼠糖脂尿酸代谢及肝肾安全性的影响研究

目的:观察菊苣根水提物对正常大鼠糖、脂、尿酸代谢及肝肾安全性的影响。方法:SD大鼠随机分为空白对照组(水灌胃),菊苣高剂量、中剂量、低剂量组(10 mg/kg、5 mg/kg、2.5 mg/kg菊苣根水提物),别嘌醇组(20 mg/kg别嘌醇溶液),连续灌胃28 d,动态检测实验大鼠血清葡萄糖(GLU)、总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、血清尿酸(SUA)、尿尿酸(UUA)、粪便尿酸(FUA)水平,并计算尿酸清除率(CUUA)及12 h尿尿酸排泄量;检测实验大鼠血清中尿酸代谢相关酶,如黄嘌呤氧化酶(XOD)、腺苷脱氨酶(ADA)水平;检测肝肾功能指标,如谷丙转氨酶(GPT)、谷草转氨酶(GOT)、尿素氮(BUN)、肌酐(Cr),并计算肝脏指数及肾脏指数。结果:实验期间,相较于空白对照组,菊苣各给药组大鼠糖、脂、尿酸代谢相关指标GLU、TC、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C、SUA、XOD、ADA、UUA、FUA水平、CUUA、12 h尿尿酸排泄量,以及肝肾安全相关指标GPT、GOT、BUN、Cr、肝脏指数及肾脏指数均无明显差异。结论:菊苣根水提物不会影响正常大鼠糖、脂及尿酸代谢,且具有较好的肝肾安全性。

毛菊苣乙酸乙酯萃取物对大鼠溃疡性结肠炎合并急性肝损伤防治作用研究

目的研究毛菊苣根乙酸乙酯萃取物(CGEA)对大鼠急性肝损伤合并溃疡性结肠炎的保护作用。方法将SD大鼠36只随机分为正常组(Control)、模型组(Model)、柳氮磺吡啶肠溶片阳性对照组(Sulfasalazine,100 mg·kg^(-1))和CGEA高、低剂量组(150、100 mg·kg^(-1)),每组6只,除正常组外其余各组给予30%TNBS-40%乙醇溶液灌肠(60 mg·kg^(-1)),同时皮下注射含体积分数40%CCl4的橄榄油溶液2 mL·kg^(-1),一周2次,制备急性肝损伤模型合并溃疡性结肠炎模型,造模成功后将CGEA制备成水混悬液,按照CGEA高剂量组(150 mg·kg^(-1)),CGEA低剂量组(100 mg·kg^(-1))连续灌胃大鼠14 d,每日1次。14 d后,处死大鼠并取血清及肝脾组织,计算肝脾指数,检测大鼠血清相关指标;采用HE染色法观察肝、肠组织病理变化。结果与正常组比较,模型组大鼠肝脾指数明显上升(P<0.01);血清中AST、ALT、AKP、γ-GT和MDA水平显著升高(P<0.05或P<0.01),SOD水平显著降低(P<0.05);肝组织遭到破坏,炎性细胞浸润;结肠组织结构杂乱,出现炎症细胞浸润现象。与模型组比较,给药组肝脾指数显著降低(P<0.01);血清中AST、ALT、AKP、γ-GT和MDA指标水平显著降低(P<0.05或P<0.01);给药组肝肠组织破坏程度减轻,炎性细胞浸润减少。结论CGEA可以减轻大鼠溃疡性结肠炎合并急性肝损伤程度,对其起到保护作用。

菊苣种子中五种生物活性成分检测分析

采用加热回流法提取菊苣(Cichorium intybus L.)种子中的总多糖、总黄酮、总多酚、总皂苷、总生物碱的含量,利用紫外可见分光光度计测定其吸光度,计算活性成分含量率。结果表明,菊苣种子中菊苣总多糖(29%)、总黄酮(19%)含量较高,总多酚(11%)、总皂苷(8%)含量相近,总生物碱含量最低(2%)。该方法提取工艺简便,重现性好,具有一定的参考价值。

新疆毛菊苣乙酸乙酯萃取物对小鼠降糖作用的研究

目的探讨新疆毛菊苣乙酸乙酯萃取物(CEE)对糖尿病小鼠的降糖作用。方法95%乙醇浸提得毛菊苣根部提取物;使用乙酸乙酯萃取得CEE;取昆明种小鼠,随机分为正常对照组、模型对照组、CEE小剂量组(150 g·kg^(-1))、CEE中剂量组(300 g·kg^(-1))、CEE大剂量组(600 g·kg^(-1))和二甲双胍组(300 mg·kg^(-1));正常对照组给予0.9%氯化钠溶液,其余各组腹腔注射四氧嘧啶200 mg·kg^(-1)建立小鼠糖尿病模型;记录小鼠体质量变化,以5 d为间隔测定血糖值;实验期末对小鼠进行糖耐量及胰岛素耐量实验;检测小鼠血清总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、胰岛素(INS)、丙二醛(MDA)、一氧化氮(NO)水平。结果小鼠造模成功率为88.57%,死亡率为11.43%。除正常对照组外,其余各组体质量均呈下降趋势,四氧嘧啶对小鼠体质量具有显著的影响;药物干预后,CEE对糖尿病小鼠体质量有明显的影响;根据糖耐量实验结果表明,CEE能明显降低小鼠血糖值(P<0.05或P<0.01),提高小鼠的糖耐量,并且大剂量组效果比中剂量组更佳;胰岛素耐量实验结果表明,大剂量CEE可明显增加小鼠对葡萄糖的利用能力,降低糖尿病小鼠的胰岛素耐量;血糖水平检测结果表明,CEE各剂量组可显著降低糖尿病小鼠血糖水平(P<0.05或P<0.01),呈剂量依赖性;血清测定结果表明,CEE各剂量组均能提高糖尿病小鼠血清中的INS和HDL-C的水平,降低糖尿病小鼠血清中的MDA、NO、TG、TC、LDL-C的水平,其中CEE大剂量组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论CEE对四氧嘧啶诱导的糖尿病小鼠有显著的降血糖作用,其机制可能是显著抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶的活性的同时调节糖脂代谢紊乱,增强机体抗氧化能力。

响应面法优化毛菊苣总黄酮和总多酚的超声提取工艺

以通过熵权法计算的毛菊苣浸膏得率、总黄酮含量、总多酚含量的综合评分为评价指标,采用响应面法优化了毛菊苣总黄酮和总多酚的超声提取工艺。确定最佳提取工艺为:乙醇体积分数56%、超声时间35 min、料液比1∶50(g∶mL),在此条件下,浸膏得率为16.333%、总黄酮含量为17.977 mg·g^(-1)、总多酚含量为9.150 mg·g^(-1),综合评分为14.998,与模型预测值(14.974)接近。该提取工艺简便、稳定、省时,适用于毛菊苣总黄酮和总多酚的提取,为毛菊苣的进一步开发利用提供了依据。

不同采收期对菊苣根系营养成分和芽球产量的影响

以自选的菊苣株系为研究对象,于2020年9月9日播种,播种后76~181 d每隔1周左右采收1次,测定根的糖分、可溶性蛋白质、游离氨基酸含量以及软化后芽球的形态指标,探讨不同采收期对根系营养成分及芽球产量的影响。结果表明:根和叶含水量均随气温下降而降低并在大寒节气前后达到最低点;在播种后76~153 d,根的总糖含量持续增加,而还原糖含量则为当最低气温低于0℃且持续时间较长时增加,153 d以后根的总糖含量逐渐下降而还原糖含量的变化规律也发生了改变;根的可溶性蛋白质含量在104~146 d明显下降,游离氨基酸含量在90~160 d上升,以后下降。相关性分析表明,播种后76~153 d采收的植株,其芽球直径和重量分别与根的干重、总糖、还原糖、游离氨基酸含量呈显著相关,芽球转化率仅与单位重量根中的还原糖含量呈显著相关,软化天数分别与根干重、总糖、还原糖、游离氨基酸含量呈显著负相关。综合分析表明,所选菊苣株系在越冬期间未发生冻害,适当延期采收可使包括糖分和氨基酸在内的干物质充分积累,在南京地区1月初至2月上旬采收植株有利于保证芽球产量和品质。

菊苣不同部位的化学成分

利用液质联用技术对菊苣(Cichorium intybus Linn.)根、茎和叶中的化学成分进行分析。结果显示:菊苣中含有绿原酸和3,5-二咖啡酰奎宁酸2个酚酸类成分以及菊苣萜苷B、11β,13-二氢山莴苣素、山莴苣素、山莴苣苦素、8-脱氧山莴苣素、notoserolide A和假还阳参苷B 7个倍半萜内酯类成分。各成分含量在根、茎和叶中存在显著差异,叶中各酚酸类成分含量均最高,绿原酸含量(6.877 mg·g^(-1))分别为根和茎中的18.0和208.4倍,3,5-二咖啡酰奎宁酸含量(3.583 mg·g^(-1))分别为根和茎中的53.5和14.2倍;茎和叶中各倍半萜类成分含量总体上高于根,其中,茎中山莴苣素、山莴苣苦素和notoserolide A含量最高,叶中11β,13-二氢山莴苣素、8-脱氧山莴苣素和假还阳参苷B含量最高。综上所述,菊苣地上部分含有丰富的次生代谢产物,开发利用价值较高。

毛菊苣正丁醇萃取物中母菊素含量测定及其对大鼠肝纤维化保护作用

目的研究毛菊苣正丁醇萃取部位(Cichorium glandulosum N-butanol extraction site,CGE)对大鼠肝纤维化(hepatic fibrosis,HF)的保护作用并测定其主要有效成分母菊素的含量。方法采用HPLC法测定CGE中母菊素的含量及方法学考察;大鼠随机分为正常组,模型组,CGE低、中、高剂量组,姜黄素组,除正常组大鼠背部sc生理盐水外,其余各组大鼠按体质量剂量sc 40%CCl 4橄榄油溶液建立HF模型,每周2次,连续12周,于第5周起,对相应给药组的大鼠在每日同一时间ig相应剂量的药物。12周后取肝脾组织及血清,检测肝脾指数及相关血清指标;观察肝脏病理组织学变化;采用免疫组化染色法和Western blot法考察肝组织TGF-β1、Smad3、Smad7及α-SMA的蛋白表达。结果母菊素在CGE中的含量为7.69%;模型组大鼠肝功能严重受损,出现炎症细胞浸润及纤维蛋白,提示HF模型建立成功;与模型组比较,各给药组可明显降低肝脾指数及血清中的AST、ALT、LDH、γ-GT、AKP和MDA水平,明显改善肝组织病理损伤程度,能够有效抑制HF大鼠肝组织的TGF-β1、Smad3、α-SMA的蛋白表达,上调Smad7蛋白表达。结论CGE主要成分是母菊素,CGE对CCl 4诱导的大鼠HF具有保护作用,其作用机制可能与阻断TGF-β1/Smads信号转导通路有关。

菊苣活性成分研究进展

菊苣是一种分布广泛的菊科植物,主要以多糖类、黄酮类、多酚类、倍半萜内酯类、香豆素类等活性成分,还含有矿物质、氨基酸、维生素等成分,被认为是一种食品功能的潜在载体。本文主要针对菊苣不同生物活性研究进展进行归纳,为菊苣的研究开发和利用提供借鉴参考。

PBAT/PLA复合膜结合1-MCP处理对金玉兰菜保鲜效果的影响

为研究金玉兰菜新型可降解保鲜包装及保鲜新技术,以聚苯乙烯(expanded polystyrene,EPS)泡沫箱包装作为对照,采用聚己二酸/对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯/聚乳酸[poly(butyleneadipate-co-terephthalate)/polylactic acid,PBAT/PLA]复合膜包装结合1.0μL/L 1-甲基环丙烯(1-methylcyclopropene,1-MCP)对金玉兰菜进行处理,分析测定贮藏期间[(4.0±0.5)℃],金玉兰菜呼吸强度、色差、总酚含量、多酚氧化酶活性、营养物质含量等指标的变化。结果表明,采用PBAT/PLA复合膜包装的金玉兰菜在贮藏24 d后,硬度仍保持了1.98 kg/cm^(2),感官评分平均值维持在3.425,高于对照组(1.15);PBAT/PLA+1-MCP能够延迟呼吸高峰的出现时间,并降低呼吸峰值10.72 mg CO_(2)/(kg·h),褐变指数较未添加1-MCP的处理组降低了2.3~5.7,有效抑制了营养物质的损耗。PBAT/PLA复合膜结合1-MCP处理能够有效提高金玉兰菜冷藏过程中的品质,在拓宽可降解包装材料在农产品保鲜中的应用及提高金玉兰菜保鲜技术水平方面具有潜在应用前景。