Ramulus Cinnamomi extract attenuates neuroinflammatory responses via downregulating TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway in BV2 cells

Ramulus Cinnamomi （RC）, a traditional Chinese herb, has been used to attenuate inflammatory responses. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of RC extract on lipopolysaccharide （LPS）-induced neuroinflammation in BV2 microglial cells and the underlying mechanisms involved. BV2 cells were incubated with normal medium （control group）, LPS, LPS plus 30 pg/mL RC extract, or LPS plus 100 pg/mL RC extract. The BV2 cell morphology was observed under an optical microscope and cell viability was detected by MTT assay. Nitric oxide level in BV2 cells was detected using Griess regents, and the levels of interleukin-6, interleukin-1 β, and tumor necrosis factor u in BV2 cells were determined by ELISA. The expression levels of cyclooxygenase-2, Toll-like receptor 4 and myeloid differentiation factor 88 proteins were detected by western blot assay. Compared with the LPS group, both 30 and 100 μg/mL RC extract had no significant effect on the viability of BV2 cells. The levels of nitric oxide, interleukin-6, interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor ct in BV2 cells were all significantly increased after LPS induction, and the levels were significantly reversed after treatment with 30 and 100 μg/mL RC extract. Furthermore, RC extract significantly inhibited the protein expression levels of cyclooxygenase-2, Toll-like receptor 4 and myeloid differentiation factor 88 in LPS-induced BV2 cells. Our findings suggest that RC extract alleviates neuroinflammation by downregulating the TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway.

樟疫霉(Phytophthora cinnamomi)的研究进展

我国樟科植物众多,国外有关樟疫霉对樟科植物造成严重危害的报道较多,而国内对其研究较少。笔者从樟疫霉的分类地位、危害分布情况以及鉴定方法、遗传关系、生活史等方面进行综述,在此基础上认为应从以下方面深入研究:(1)对极易受到樟疫霉危害地区的樟属重要种植地的樟疫霉病害发生情况进行调查,明确樟疫霉的危害状况;(2)对来自不同地区的樟疫霉进行亚磷酸盐敏感程度研究;(3)对亚磷酸盐不同敏感程度菌株之间的遗传特性进行研究,明确亚磷酸盐的作用机制。

Wonderful Use of Cinnamomi Cortex to Conduct the Fire Back to the Origin

Cinnamomi Cortex(Rougui)has a lot of functions,including dissipating cold,relieving pain,benefiting joints,tonifying fire and assisting yang,warming blood vessels,dispersing abscesses and nodules and vaporizing fluid and humor.Among all functions,the wonderful use of Cinnamomi Cortex is in conducting the fire back to the origin.It can conduct the fire of triple energizers,which is not possessed by other drugs and is unique to Cinnamomi Cortex.Through observations and practices of some special medical records,it is found that the fire conducting of Cinnamomi Cortex can play a key and decisive role.

Mechanisms of Cinnamomi Ramulus for coronary heart disease treatment:prediction based on network pharmacology

Chinese medicine.However,little is known about the potential mechanism.Elucidating the effective components and mechanism based on network pharmacology was our purpose.Methods:Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology was screened to collect the possible active ingredients and their CAS and SMILES was searched in Pubchem,and the related potential targets were further predicted in Swiss Target Prediction database.Coronary heart disease molecular members were gained from GeenCards database,and the predicted targets of Cinnamomi Ramulus for coronary heart disease’s treatment were selected by Wayne diagram.As for mechanism analysis,String was used to construct the protein-protein interactions,and DAVID was used to conduct the GO and KEGG analysis.Results:Through GO and KEGG analysis,we found that cAMP signaling pathway,estrogen signaling pathway,calcium signaling pathway was related with coronary heart disease.Using network-based systems biology,we predicted that 10 active ingredients in Cinnamomi Ramulus have the treating effects with 78 potential targets.PIK3CG,MAPK8,BCL-2,BAX,PRKACA,CASP3,CALM1,CALM2,CALM3,NOS2,NOS3 were mainly involved in the treating effects of Cinnamomi Ramulus.Conclusion:Cinnamomi Ramulus may treat coronary heart disease through cAMP signaling pathway,estrogen signaling pathway,calcium signaling pathway.PIK3CG,MAPK8,BCL-2,BAX,PRKACA,CASP3,CALM1,CALM2,CALM3,NOS2,NOS3 were supposed to be considerable targets for treating coronary heart disease.

Innate Immunity of Phlomis purpurea against Phytophthora cinnamomi: A Transcriptomic Analysis

Phlomis purpurea L.grows spontaneously in dry and stony habitats from the south of Iberian Peninsula and in cork oak(Quercus suber L.)and holm oak(Q.ilex ssp.rotundifolia,Lam.)plantations infested with Phytophthora cinnamomi(Rands).The aim of this study is to understand the genetic basis of P.purpurea innate immunity to this pathogen.The transcriptome analysis of P.purpurea upon challenging with P.cinnamomi revealed a set of up-regulated genes,related to signaling,transcription factors and response to stress.Transcripts involved in the synthesis of a number of proteins,namely:ANKYRIN,AP2,AQUAPORIN,ARMADILLO,At1G69870-LIKE,BHLH,BON1,CALMODULIN,CALNEXIN,CALRETICULINE,CC-NBS-LRR,CHAPERONE,CYTOCHROME,DUF,GH3,GMP,G-TYPE,LIPOXYGENASE,MLO-LIKE,MYB,NAC,NBS-LRR,PENTATRICOPEPTIDE,SUBTILISIN,WAK,bZIP and hormones such as BRASSINOSTEROID,JASMONATE,SALICYLATE,ETHYLENE-RESPONSIVE were identified.P.purpurea ability to cope with P.cinnamomi attack is based on the expression of a set of transcription factors and signaling molecules targeted by the pathogen.The information gathered contributes to the elucidation of the overall response of P.purpurea to P.cinnamomi attempted infection which can be helpful for improving woody species resistance to pathogenic oomycetes.

Therapeutic Effect of Common Goldenrop Decoction Combined With Ramuli Cinnamomi Decoction in the Treatment of Patients with Insomnia during the Period of the Day from 11 PM to 3 AM

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of common goldenrop decoction combined with ramuli cinnamomi decoction in the treatment of patients with insomnia during the period of the day from 11 PM to 3 AM.Methods:80 patients with insomnia during the period of the day from 11 PM to 3 AM were randomly divided into control group and intervention group.The control group was treated with 1 mg of estazolam tablets at 9 PM every night;while the intervention group was given common goldenrop decoction combined with ramuli cinnamomi decoction based on the estazolam tablets.After 2 weeks of treatment and after 2 weeks of withdrawal,the improvement in sleep was observed.Results:After 2 weeks of treatment,the efficacy of the intervention group(97.5%)was significantly higher than that of the control group(75.0%).The difference was statistically significant.After 2 weeks of withdrawal,the intervention group still had an effective rate of 87.5%,which was significantly higher than that of the control group(55.0%).Conclusion:common goldenrop decoction combined with ramuli cinnamomi decoction can improve the short-term and long-term sleep quality of patients with insomnia during the period of the day from 11 PM to 3 AM.

Cortex cinnamomi extract prevents streptozotocin- and cytokine-induced β-cell damage by inhibiting NF-κB

AIM: To clarify the mechanism underlying the anti-diabetic activities of cortex cinnamomi extract (CCE). METHODS: To induce in vivo diabetes, mice were injected with streptozotocin (STZ) via a tail vein (100 mg STZ/kg body weight). To determine the effects of CCE, mice were administered CCE twice daily for 7 d by oral gavage starting 1 wk before the STZ injection. Blood glucose and plasma insulin concentration were measured as an index of diabetes. Also, to induce cytotoxicity of RINm5F cells, we treated with cytokines (IL-1β(2.0 ng/mL) and IFN-γ(100 U/mL)). Cell viability and nitric oxide production were measured colorimetrically. Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRIMA and protein expression were determined by RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. The activation of NF-κB was assayed by using gel mobility shift assays of nuclear extracts. RESULTS: Treatment of mice with STZ resulted in hyperglycemia and hypoinsulinemia, which was further evidenced by immunohistochemical staining of islets. However, the diabetogenic effects of STZ were completely prevented when mice were pretreated with CCE. The inhibitory effect of CCE on STZ-induced hyperglycemia was mediated through the suppression of iNOS expression. In rat insulinoma RINm5F cells, CCE completely protected against interleukin-1βand interferon-γ-mediated cytotoxicity. Moreover, RINm5F cells incubated with CCE showed significant reductions in interleukin-lp and interferon-γ-induced nitric oxide production and in iNOS mRNA and protein expression, and these findings correlated well with in vivo observations. CONCLUSION: The molecular mechanism by which CCE inhibits iNOS gene expression appears to involve the inhibition of NF-κB activation. These results reveal the possible therapeutic value of CCE for the prevention of diabetes mellitus progression.

Chemical component analysis of volatile oil in drug pair Herba Ephedrae-Ramulus Cinnamomi by GC-MS and CRM

Active volatile components in drug pair(DP)Herba Ephedrae-Ramulus Cinnamomi(HE-RC),single drug HE and RC were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry(GC/MS),chemometric resolution method(CRM)and overall volume integration.By means of CRM,the two-dimensional data obtained from GC-MS instruments were resolved into a pure chromatogram and a mass spectrum of each chemical compound.In total,97,62,and 78 volatile chemical components in volatile oil of HE,RC,and DP HE-RC,were respectively determined qualitatively and quantitatively,accounting for 90.08%,91.62%,and 89.76% total contents of volatile oil of HE,RC,and DP HE-RC respectively.It is further demonstrated that the numbers of volatile components of DP HE-RC are almost the sum of those of two single drugs,but some relative contents of them are changed.Some new components,such as 1,6-dimethylhepta-1,3,5-triene,tetracyclo[4.2.1.1(2,5).0(9,10)]deca-3,7-diene,globulol and(E,E)-6,10,14-trimethyl-5,9,13-pentadecatrien-2-one are found in DP HE-RC because of chemical reactions and physical changes during decoction.

Analysis of volatile components in herbal pair herba schizonepetae-ramulus cinnamomi

Analysis of volatile components in herbal pair (HP) herba schizonepetae-ramulus cinnamomi (HS-RC), single herb HS and RC was carried out by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) data and chemometric resolution method (CRM). The two-dimensional data obtained from GC-MS instruments were resolved into a pure chromatogram and a mass spectrum of each chemical compound by CRM. In total, 47, 61 and 51 chemical components in volatile oil of HS, RC, and HP HS-RC were respectively determined qualitatively and quantitatively, accounting for 90.52%, 88.37%, and 88.72% total contents of volatile oil of HS, RC, and HP HS-RC, respectively. The number of the volatile components of HP HS-RC is almost the addition of that of two single herbs, but their relative contents are changed.

The quality control and hypoglycemic effect of Cinnamomi Cortex aqueous extract

Cinnamomi Cortex was a material as medicinal and edible resources and it has been demonstrated that Cinnamomi Cortex aqueous extract(CCAE)possess hypoglycemic effect,but there were no active compounds identified as quality standard of CCAE to be used in the investigate of hypoglycemic activity.Hence,in this study,the quality standard and the hypoglycemic effect of CCAE were investigated.Cinnamaldehyde and coumarin as the quality control in CCAE were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)method.The results showed that the average yield of extraction was 10.06%.The concentration of coumarin was linear with peak area ranging from 0.02–1.00μg/mL(r=0.9996,n=6)and that of cinnamaldehyde also demonstrated a good linear relationship with peak area in the range of 1.05–52.50μg/mL(r=0.9997,n=6).The average recovery rate of coumarin and cinnamaldehyde was 99.42%and 100.11%,respectively.The investigation of hypoglycemic effect revealed that CCAE could improve weight loss,lower liver and pancreas indices,improve organ damage caused by diabetes,and lower fasting blood glucose,glycosylated serum protein(GSP)and total cholesterol(TC)levels.The results showed that CCAE can reduce fasting blood glucose and blood lipid levels in diabetic mice.

基于营卫理论探讨桂枝-赤芍配伍重塑肿瘤血管微环境的网络药理学机制

目的:采用网络药理学方法预测桂枝-赤芍配伍影响肿瘤血管生成的潜在靶点和通路,从分子网络药理学水平探索该配伍重塑肿瘤血管微环境的网络药理学机制。方法:采用中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台(TCMSP)检索桂枝、赤芍的化学成分和潜在靶点,选择口服生物利用度≥30%和类药性≥0.18作为化学成分筛选条件;在GeneCards数据库中检索血管生成的靶点;利用Cytoscape 3.6.0软件绘制桂枝-赤芍配伍-化合物-靶点-血管生成网络;使用STRING 11.0在线软件构建蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用(PPI)网络并挖掘核心靶点;采用David Bioinformatics Resources数据库对该复方活性成分潜在的靶点网络中的蛋白进行基因本体(GO)功能富集分析和京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)通路富集分析。结果:桂枝-赤芍配伍的33种有效成分作用于血管生成过程的77个靶点,PPI网络的核心靶点包括蛋白激酶B(Akt)1、JUN、白细胞介素6、基质金属蛋白酶、血管内皮生长因子A、一氧化氮合酶2和缺氧诱导因子-1α等多个蛋白。GO功能富集分析提示,该配伍的关键蛋白主要参与了DNA结合转录激活剂活性、血红素结合、抗氧化活性、核受体活性和转录因子活性等生物过程。KEGG通路富集分析显示,该配伍参与了缺氧诱导因子-1(HIF-1)信号通路、肿瘤蛋白53信号通路、细胞凋亡信号通路、表皮生长因子受体酪氨酸激酶抑制剂耐药信号通路、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)信号通路和磷脂酰肌醇3激酶-Akt信号通路等,提示桂枝-赤芍配伍与肿瘤血管生成的关系最为密切。结论:桂枝-赤芍配伍中的黄芩素、谷甾醇和鞣花酸等成分可能通过HIF-1信号通路、VEGF信号通路影响肿瘤血管生成,干预肿瘤的生物学行为。

桂枝及桂枝类方治疗心血管疾病研究进展

桂枝是我国传统中药材,因其具有发汗解肌、平冲降逆、温经通脉、温阳助气等功效被广泛应用于医疗实践中,特别是在心血管疾病中尤为突出。现代研究发现桂枝及桂枝类方具有保护血管和调节血管活性因子、抗炎、抗氧化应激、改善冠状动脉循环和心肌纤维化、降血压、防治心力衰竭等作用,充分发挥对心血管疾病的防治作用。文章综述了桂枝及桂枝类方从抗冠心病、抗高血压、改善冠状动脉循环和心肌纤维化、调节血脂代谢、改善心肌缺血再灌注、防治心力衰竭等内容,以求为桂枝及桂枝类方在心血管疾病的应用和研究提供参考和依据。

基于基准关联度与信息熵权法优选桂枝配方颗粒中挥发性成分的β-环糊精包合工艺

目的结合基准关联度与信息熵权法,采用正交试验对β-环糊精(β-Cyclodextrin,β-CD)与桂枝配方颗粒中挥发性成分的包合工艺进行优化。方法在单因素考察的基础上,选择β-CD与桂枝芳香水的投料比、包合温度、包合时间为主要影响因素,以包合物中桂皮醛的包合率、载药量及基准关联度为评价指标,采用信息熵权法计算各评价指标的权重系数,进行综合评价和优化正交试验包合工艺。通过薄层色谱法、紫外可见吸收光谱、傅里叶红外光谱、X射线衍射等方法对包合物进行表征。结果优选的最佳包合工艺为β-CD与芳香水的投料比3∶100(g·mL^(-1)),包合温度50℃,包合时间1 h。经验证,桂皮醛包合率为80.48%,载药量为8.63%,基准关联度为0.91。薄层、紫外、红外等表征实验表明芳香水中挥发性成分成功进入β-CD空腔,包合物制备成功。结论优选的包合工艺稳定可行,可为桂枝配方颗粒的制剂工艺研究提供参考。

经典名方中桂枝的关键信息考证与质量评价研究

目的通过本草考证和多批次道地产区桂枝药材的质量评价,为含桂枝的经典名方的研究提供依据与参考。方法对历代本草和经典医书进行考证,对经典名方中桂枝的药用部位、基原、产地与品质进行考证;并根据考证结果收集4个道地产地的15批次合格桂枝药材,建立适用于桂枝药材的高效液相色谱(HPLC)特征图谱方法并进行方法学验证;通过聚类分析、主成分分析和偏最小二乘-判别分析方法,结合特征图谱数据和桂皮醛含量,对古籍考证的道地产区桂枝药材的质量一致性进行综合评价。结果通过古籍考证,确定了经典名方中所用桂枝的药用部位(嫩枝)、基原(樟科植物肉桂)、产地(广东、广西);建立了通过方法学验证的HPLC特征图谱方法,形成的共有对照特征图谱共计10个共有特征峰,并指认出香豆素、肉桂酸、桂皮醛以及2-甲氧基肉桂醛4个色谱峰;3个化学识别分析结果均表明古籍考证的道地产区桂枝药材质量具有一致性。结论经典名方中桂枝选用樟科植物肉桂(Cinnamomum cassia Presl)的干燥嫩枝,产地可选用广西和广东两地;建立的桂枝特征图谱方法适用于桂枝的质量控制研究。

肉桂子化学成分鉴定、总黄酮提取工艺优化及其抗氧化活性研究

采用超高效液相色谱串联质谱法(UHPLC-MS/MS)鉴定肉桂子化学成分;基于单因素实验,采用响应面法优化肉桂子总黄酮提取工艺及含量测定;通过DPPH法、铁离子还原能力法评价其体外抗氧化活性。结果表明:肉桂子鉴定出135种化学成分;总黄酮最佳提取工艺为乙醇体积分数42%、料液比1∶36(g/mL)、功率350 W、超声时长43 min,在此条件下,总黄酮含量为377.90 mg/g;S4总黄酮含量最高,S18总黄酮含量最低;总黄酮对DPPH·和Fe^(3+)·均表现出较好的清除能力。综上,肉桂子含有黄酮类、萜类、酚类、生物碱等多种成分,该总黄酮提取工艺合理,不同批次肉桂子总黄酮均有一定的抗氧化作用。

Antipyretic Effect of Herba Ephedrae-Ramulus Cinnamomi Herb Pair on Yeast-Induced Pyrexia Rats: A Metabolomics Study

Objective： To investigate the antipyretic mechanism of Herba Ephedrae （Eph）-Ramulus Cinnamomi （RC） herb pair on yeast-induced pyrexia in rats. Methods： Totally 30 qualified male SD rats were randomly assigned to the normal control （NC） group, the pyrexia model （model） group, the Eph, RC and Eph-RC treatment groups by a random digital table, 6 rats in each group. Each rat received a 20% aqueous suspension of yeast （10 mL/kg） except the NC group. The 3 treatment groups were administered 8.1, 5.4 and 13.5 g/kg Eph, RC and Eph-RC respectively at 5 and 12 h after yeast injection, the NC group and the model groups were administered equal volume of distilled water. Rectal temperatures were measured at 0, 6, 8, 10, 12, 15, 18, 24 and 30 h and urine was collected prior to yeast injection and at 6, 10, 18, 24, 30, and 36 h after yeast injection. Then urine metabolomic profiling by gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, coupled with multivariate statistical analysis and pattern recognition techniques were used to explore the antipyretic effects of Eph-RC. Partial least squares discriminate analysis was used to analyze the metabolomics dataset including classification and regression in metabolomics plot profiling. Results： Compared with the NC group, rectal temperatures were significantly higher in the model group （P〈0.01）, while 3 treatment groups decreased significantly compared with the model group （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. Rectal temperatures of Eph-RC-treated rats started to go down at 6 h, and markedly decreased at 8, 12, 15, 18 and 24 h （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）, while those of the Eph and RC groups had decreased firstly at 8 h and were markedly lower at 12 h （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. Seventeen potential biomarkers related to pyrexia were confirmed and identified, including pyruvic acid, L-phenylalanine, L-tyrosine, phenylacetic acid, hippuric acid, succinic acid, citrate and so on. Eight potential alterations of metabolic pathways including phenylalanine metabolism, citrate cycle, tryptophan metabolism, biosynthesis of valine, leucine and isoleucine, were identified in relation to the antipyretic effects of Eph-RC using MetPA software. Conclusion： The antipyretic effect of Eph-RC herb pair on yeast-induced pyrexia in rats involved correction of perturbed amino acid, fatty acid, and carbohydrate metabolism according to the metabolic pathway analysis with MetPA.

基于“阴阳交感”及临床药理探讨“黄连-肉桂”对失眠的治疗

药物配伍是中医的魂之所在,用药如用兵,善用方者,必善药之配伍,执简驭繁。失眠皆因阳盛阴衰,阴阳失交所致,而临床上心肾不交型失眠尤为多见。黄连,味苦性寒,有泻火之功,当属阴药;肉桂,味辛甘、性大热,有补火助阳、引火归元之功,当属阳药。“黄连-肉桂”配伍,交通心肾阴阳二气,可治阴阳失调、心肾不交所致失眠之症。“黄连-肉桂”联用效果更显著,一种可能是由于两药联用后会使有效成分的溶出率更高,还有一种可能是会增多或抑制相关蛋白的表达。通过探讨“黄连-肉桂”所体现的阴阳交感的中医思想,不仅可以为治疗阴阳失调提供新的思路,也可以通过现代药理研究预测出治疗失眠的新机制,并通过实验进行药效验证,为中西医结合治疗失眠打开新思路。

Effect of Rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati and Ramulus Cinnamomi Compatibility on Uric Acid Metabolism and Urinary Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin and Kidney Injury Molecule-1 in Rats with Hyperuricemia

Objective：To explore the effects of Rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati and Ramulus Cinnamomicompatibility（PR） on uric acid metabolism and the expression of urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin（NGAL） and kidney injury molecule-1（KIM-1） in rats with hyperuricemia. Methods：Seventy male Sprague Dawley（SD） rats were randomly divided into 7 groups with 10 rats per group, including the normal group, model group, allopurinol group, benzbromarone group and PR groups at 3 doses（3.5, 7, 14 g/kg）. Except the normal group, rats of the other groups were intragastrically administered 100 mg/kg hypoxanthine and 250 mg/kg ethambutol, and subcutaneously injected with 200 mg/kg potassium oxonate. All rats were continuously modeled for 17 days, and gavaged with corresponding drugs. The rats of the normal and model groups were gavaged with saline, once a day, for 2 weeks. The levels of serum uric acid（SUA）, blood urea nitrogen（BUN） and creatinine（Cr） were determined. In addition, the contents of NGAL and KIM-1 in urine and the m RNA and protein expressions of xanthine oxidase（XOD） in liver of hyperuricemia rats were measured by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction（RT-PCR） and Western blot, respectively. Moreover, the pathological changes of kidney were analyzed by hematoxylin and eosin（HE） stain method. Results：Compared with the normal group, the levels of SUA, BUN, NGAL and KIM-1 and the expressions of hepatic XOD m RNA and protein in the hyperuricemia rats were increased significantly（P〈0.01）. PR significantly decreased the levels of SUA, BUN, NGAL and KIM-1 and down-regulated the m RNA and protein expressions of hepatic XOD（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. In addition, the pathological changes of kidney were significantly suppressed by oral administration of PR. Conclusions：PR ameliorated uric acid metabolism and protected renal function, the underlying mechanism was mediated by decreasing the levels of SUA, BUN, NGAL and KIM-1, inhibiting the expression of hepatic XOD and ameliorating the pathological change of kidney.

不同产地肉桂质量及炮制过程成分变化研究

建立了肉桂指纹图谱和5种有效成分的含量测定方法,对不同产地28批肉桂药材差异及炮制前后的成分变化进行了研究。采用超高效液相色谱法建立了肉桂指纹图谱并对共有峰进行了指认,采用OriginPro 2023软件对28批样品指纹图谱进行了聚类分析和主成分分析,聚类分析的样本和共有峰分类情况与主成分分析情况相近,其中阳春市、肇庆市高要区、防城港市和贵港市样本分类较为集中,采用SIMCA14.1软件进行了正交偏最小二乘判别分析,可实现对广东、广西两省/自治区肉桂的有效区分。通过香豆素、肉桂醇、肉桂酸、桂皮醛、2-甲氧基桂皮醛及挥发油的含量测定对炮制前后的肉桂样本进行对比分析,结果表明,药材与饮片5个成分和挥发油含量均值较为相近,肉桂炮制过程的成分差异较小;且各批次间桂皮醛、肉桂酸和肉桂醇的整体变化趋势相近,2-甲氧基桂皮醛和香豆素的变化趋势相近,与化学计量学分析结果一致。本研究可为肉桂产地选择、质量研究提供参考。

大果木姜子油调控miR-328基因抗心律失常H9c2细胞的机制研究

目的:探讨大果木姜子油通过调控miR-328基因抗心律失常H9c2细胞的可能机制。方法:慢病毒转染构建miR-328过表达H9c2细胞株,再运用生物机能实验系统构建H9c2细胞和miR-328过表达H9c2细胞心律失常模型。将H9c2细胞分为正常对照组、模型组、大果木姜子油组、miR-328过表达组和miR-328过表达+大果木姜子油组。根据分组条件培养结束后,qPCR检测H9c2细胞中miR-328相对表达量;ELISA检测炎性因子IL-1β、IL-6、TGF-β含量;比色法检测SOD活性和MDA浓度;DCFH荧光探针检测ROS水平;流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡率;Western Blot检测H9c2细胞L型钙通道相关蛋白表达。结果:成功构建H9c2细胞和miR-328过表达H9c2细胞心律失常模型。与正常对照组比较,模型组和miR-328过表达组细胞TGF-β、SOD活性及CaM、CaMKⅡ、p-CaMKⅡ蛋白表达显著降低,细胞凋亡率、miR-328及CaV1.2蛋白表达和IL-1β、IL-6、MDA、ROS水平显著升高(P<0.01)。经大果木姜子油干预后,心律失常模型细胞形态改善,上述指标均被显著逆转(P<0.01)。结论:大果木姜子油可改善心律失常H9c2细胞,其作用机制可能与调控miR-328基因降低炎症因子水平、调节氧化应激、抑制细胞凋亡及调节L型钙通道相关蛋白表达有关。