With China’s urban planning and construction entering the stock renewal stage, the focus of urban planning and construction has gradually shifted from the scale and speed of urban planning and construction to the imp...With China’s urban planning and construction entering the stock renewal stage, the focus of urban planning and construction has gradually shifted from the scale and speed of urban planning and construction to the improvement of urban spatial quality. The order of urban external public space is a representative field to show the quality of urban space. In history, the stable and clear outline in the external space of Western Europe gave people pleasant visual enjoyment with its strong sense of order. Ancient Greece, as one of the most important sources of civilization in Western Europe, profoundly influenced the history of urban development in Western Europe. Therefore, this study explained why ancient Greece had a strong pursuit of sense of order of external public space from the perspective of culture, hoping to provide a theoretical basis for the exploration of the ideal state of urban external space in China.展开更多
Objective:Demonstrate that some ancient Egyptian medical treatments are still used today while Greeks appropriated many concepts that have partially disappeared.Methods:Through the study of classical authors,Egyptian ...Objective:Demonstrate that some ancient Egyptian medical treatments are still used today while Greeks appropriated many concepts that have partially disappeared.Methods:Through the study of classical authors,Egyptian papyri,ancient medical sources and historical and recent research,this article examines some neglected aspects in the traditional picture of ancient Egyptian medicine,now considered the cradle of scientific inquiry.Results:A framework of important health conditions must be highlighted in Egypt:accurate diagnosis similar to the present,training of highly skilled specialists,a health care system,greatly advanced for its time,although including magical practices and spells,because all types of healers coexisted peacefully.Hippocratic medicine also adopted Egyptian incubation,the same scientific and rational systems in patient therapy and older Egyptian ideas and remedies.The brilliant Egyptian hypothesis about gastrointestinal residuals or wxdw,a methodical approach to interpreting internal diseases,opened the road to a coherent and scientific therapy.Based on the Egyptian idea of self-intoxication through dangerous materials and of pathogenic decay that survives in the modern use of the Greek word sepsis,different Greek medical schools have been influenced and are even well developed in modern times.When they realized that putrefaction began in the intestine,they applied mummification and embalming for corpses and employed emetics,purges and enemas in patients.Greeks,by contrast,to avoid contamination,adopted dead cremation and their false humoral theory remained until the 17th century AC,as well as the false benign pus.Conclusions:Egyptian physicians,still ignoring the concept of infection or inflammation,clearly recognized local purulence and identified the presence and growth of pathogenic agents in infections.Thus,they were pioneers in solving pyogenic lesion debridement and diagnose the feverish profile of a noxious laceration,starting the prevention and control of infection used today.展开更多
Historical changes in the view of friendship is an important tool for understanding the Western culture history. Ancient Greek society built tension between friendship theory and reality, relying on Life characteristi...Historical changes in the view of friendship is an important tool for understanding the Western culture history. Ancient Greek society built tension between friendship theory and reality, relying on Life characteristics and cultural prosperity contending. They integrated the common brotherhood love, friendship, family, relationships between God and person, citizenship love into their lives through its unique lifestyle, and began a process of mutual shaping. It is intense and harmonious of sex and love,this is the most significant feature of their friendship view. There are a number of reasons of culture, politics and life for the Transition of Ancient Greek view of friendship. Ancient Greek view of friendship has been echoed in history, and has important implications to China's cultural and moral construction.展开更多
The laws of the Greek city-states and the Hellenistic Kingdoms dealt with all aspects of life in the community.1 The laws regulated the main political institutions of the community and gave rules to its officials abou...The laws of the Greek city-states and the Hellenistic Kingdoms dealt with all aspects of life in the community.1 The laws regulated the main political institutions of the community and gave rules to its officials about how to conduct public business. Meetings of the Council and Assembly were run according to public statutes, and decrees submitted for approval had to conform to legal norms. All public officials were subject to a legal review of their conduct and could be prosecuted in court or punished by special magistrates.展开更多
The study of ancient Greece is essential for the proper understanding of the evolution of modern Western medicine. An important innovation of classical Greek medicine was the development of a body of medical theory as...The study of ancient Greece is essential for the proper understanding of the evolution of modern Western medicine. An important innovation of classical Greek medicine was the development of a body of medical theory associated with natural philosophy, i.e. a strong secular tradition of free enquiry,展开更多
文摘With China’s urban planning and construction entering the stock renewal stage, the focus of urban planning and construction has gradually shifted from the scale and speed of urban planning and construction to the improvement of urban spatial quality. The order of urban external public space is a representative field to show the quality of urban space. In history, the stable and clear outline in the external space of Western Europe gave people pleasant visual enjoyment with its strong sense of order. Ancient Greece, as one of the most important sources of civilization in Western Europe, profoundly influenced the history of urban development in Western Europe. Therefore, this study explained why ancient Greece had a strong pursuit of sense of order of external public space from the perspective of culture, hoping to provide a theoretical basis for the exploration of the ideal state of urban external space in China.
文摘Objective:Demonstrate that some ancient Egyptian medical treatments are still used today while Greeks appropriated many concepts that have partially disappeared.Methods:Through the study of classical authors,Egyptian papyri,ancient medical sources and historical and recent research,this article examines some neglected aspects in the traditional picture of ancient Egyptian medicine,now considered the cradle of scientific inquiry.Results:A framework of important health conditions must be highlighted in Egypt:accurate diagnosis similar to the present,training of highly skilled specialists,a health care system,greatly advanced for its time,although including magical practices and spells,because all types of healers coexisted peacefully.Hippocratic medicine also adopted Egyptian incubation,the same scientific and rational systems in patient therapy and older Egyptian ideas and remedies.The brilliant Egyptian hypothesis about gastrointestinal residuals or wxdw,a methodical approach to interpreting internal diseases,opened the road to a coherent and scientific therapy.Based on the Egyptian idea of self-intoxication through dangerous materials and of pathogenic decay that survives in the modern use of the Greek word sepsis,different Greek medical schools have been influenced and are even well developed in modern times.When they realized that putrefaction began in the intestine,they applied mummification and embalming for corpses and employed emetics,purges and enemas in patients.Greeks,by contrast,to avoid contamination,adopted dead cremation and their false humoral theory remained until the 17th century AC,as well as the false benign pus.Conclusions:Egyptian physicians,still ignoring the concept of infection or inflammation,clearly recognized local purulence and identified the presence and growth of pathogenic agents in infections.Thus,they were pioneers in solving pyogenic lesion debridement and diagnose the feverish profile of a noxious laceration,starting the prevention and control of infection used today.
基金Jiangsu Province Social Science Fund project(15MLC004)Jiangsu Province Quality Projects of Social Science Research(14SWA-009)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2013B33514)
文摘Historical changes in the view of friendship is an important tool for understanding the Western culture history. Ancient Greek society built tension between friendship theory and reality, relying on Life characteristics and cultural prosperity contending. They integrated the common brotherhood love, friendship, family, relationships between God and person, citizenship love into their lives through its unique lifestyle, and began a process of mutual shaping. It is intense and harmonious of sex and love,this is the most significant feature of their friendship view. There are a number of reasons of culture, politics and life for the Transition of Ancient Greek view of friendship. Ancient Greek view of friendship has been echoed in history, and has important implications to China's cultural and moral construction.
文摘The laws of the Greek city-states and the Hellenistic Kingdoms dealt with all aspects of life in the community.1 The laws regulated the main political institutions of the community and gave rules to its officials about how to conduct public business. Meetings of the Council and Assembly were run according to public statutes, and decrees submitted for approval had to conform to legal norms. All public officials were subject to a legal review of their conduct and could be prosecuted in court or punished by special magistrates.
文摘The study of ancient Greece is essential for the proper understanding of the evolution of modern Western medicine. An important innovation of classical Greek medicine was the development of a body of medical theory associated with natural philosophy, i.e. a strong secular tradition of free enquiry,
