Class E变换器结构简单,变换效率高,有良好的发展前景。论文将磁集成技术应用到隔离型Class E变换器中,减小磁性元件的体积、重量、提高变换器的功率密度。文中详细分析了利用变压器漏感以及采用独立绕组两种磁集成方案,在此基础上,制...Class E变换器结构简单,变换效率高,有良好的发展前景。论文将磁集成技术应用到隔离型Class E变换器中,减小磁性元件的体积、重量、提高变换器的功率密度。文中详细分析了利用变压器漏感以及采用独立绕组两种磁集成方案,在此基础上,制作了输入12V、输出功率21W、输出电流0.43A的原理样机,通过实验验证了磁集成方案的有效性,从实验结果可以得出采用磁集成技术后,变换器中磁件的体积和重量明显降低,且变换器的效率有所提高。展开更多
Studies In model plants showed that SEPALLATA （SEP） genes are required for the Identification of floral organs and the determination of floral meristems In Arabidopsis. In this paper a SEP homolog, TrSEP3, was Isola...Studies In model plants showed that SEPALLATA （SEP） genes are required for the Identification of floral organs and the determination of floral meristems In Arabidopsis. In this paper a SEP homolog, TrSEP3, was Isolated from a China-specific species, Taihangla rupestrisi Yü et LI. Phylogenetlc analysis showed that the gene belongs to the SEP3-clade of SEP （previous AGL2） subfamily. In situ hybridization was used to reveal the potential functional specification, and the results showed that TrSEP3 expression was first observed in floral meristems and then confined to the floral primordla of the three inner whorls. In the matured flower, TrSEP3 was strongly expressed In the tips of pistils and weak In stamens and petals. The evolution force analysis shows that TrSEP3 might undergo a relaxed negative selection. These results suggested that TrSEP3 may not only function In determining the identity of floral merlstems and the primordia of three inner whorls, but also function In matured reproductive organs.展开更多
Due to e-business' s variety of customers with different navigational patterns and demands, multiclass queuing network is a natural performance model for it. The open multi-class queuing network(QN) models are bas...Due to e-business' s variety of customers with different navigational patterns and demands, multiclass queuing network is a natural performance model for it. The open multi-class queuing network(QN) models are based on the assumption that no service center is saturated as a result of the combined loads of all the classes. Several formulas are used to calculate performance measures, including throughput, residence time, queue length, response time and the average number of requests. The solution technique of closed multi-class QN models is an approximate mean value analysis algorithm (MVA) based on three key equations, because the exact algorithm needs huge time and space requirement. As mixed multi-class QN models, include some open and some closed classes, the open classes should be eliminated to create a closed multi-class QN so that the closed model algorithm can be applied. Some corresponding examples are given to show how to apply the algorithms mentioned in this article. These examples indicate that multi-class QN is a reasonably accurate model of e-business and can be solved efficiently.展开更多
This paper presents a 1.8 GHz class-E controlled power amplifier (PA). The proposed power amplifier is designed with two-stage architecture. The main advantage of the proposed technique for output control power is a h...This paper presents a 1.8 GHz class-E controlled power amplifier (PA). The proposed power amplifier is designed with two-stage architecture. The main advantage of the proposed technique for output control power is a high 37 dB output power dynamic range with good average power adding efficiency. The measurement results show that the PA achieves a high power gain of 23 dBm and power added efficiency (PAE) by 38%. The circuit was post layout simulated in a standard 0.18 μm CMOS technology.展开更多
基于0.25μm GaN HEMT设计了一种工作于C波段、结构简单、宽带高效的E类功率放大器。针对单片微波集成电路(MMIC)功率放大器设计中射频扼流圈所占面积较大且难以实现的问题,采用有限元直流馈电电感替代扼流圈电感,抑制晶体管寄生参数C_(...基于0.25μm GaN HEMT设计了一种工作于C波段、结构简单、宽带高效的E类功率放大器。针对单片微波集成电路(MMIC)功率放大器设计中射频扼流圈所占面积较大且难以实现的问题,采用有限元直流馈电电感替代扼流圈电感,抑制晶体管寄生参数C_(ds)对最高工作频率的影响,并采用低Q值混合参数匹配网络,将功率放大器电路输入输出的最佳阻抗匹配到标准阻抗50Ω。版图后仿真结果表明,在4.1~4.9 GHz工作频段内,功率附加效率为51.309%~58.050%,平均增益大于11 dB,输出功率大于41 dBm。版图尺寸为2.7 mm×1.4 mm。展开更多
基金Supported by the State Key Basic Research and Development Plan of China （2006CB100202） and the National Natural Science Foundation of China （30170093）.Acknowledgements The authors would like to thank Dr Gui-Sheng Li （Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences） for his helping on the analysis of selection force Dr Shihua Shen （Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences） for providing background information of Taihangia, and Dr Chun-Ming Liu for critical reading.
文摘Studies In model plants showed that SEPALLATA （SEP） genes are required for the Identification of floral organs and the determination of floral meristems In Arabidopsis. In this paper a SEP homolog, TrSEP3, was Isolated from a China-specific species, Taihangla rupestrisi Yü et LI. Phylogenetlc analysis showed that the gene belongs to the SEP3-clade of SEP （previous AGL2） subfamily. In situ hybridization was used to reveal the potential functional specification, and the results showed that TrSEP3 expression was first observed in floral meristems and then confined to the floral primordla of the three inner whorls. In the matured flower, TrSEP3 was strongly expressed In the tips of pistils and weak In stamens and petals. The evolution force analysis shows that TrSEP3 might undergo a relaxed negative selection. These results suggested that TrSEP3 may not only function In determining the identity of floral merlstems and the primordia of three inner whorls, but also function In matured reproductive organs.
文摘Due to e-business' s variety of customers with different navigational patterns and demands, multiclass queuing network is a natural performance model for it. The open multi-class queuing network(QN) models are based on the assumption that no service center is saturated as a result of the combined loads of all the classes. Several formulas are used to calculate performance measures, including throughput, residence time, queue length, response time and the average number of requests. The solution technique of closed multi-class QN models is an approximate mean value analysis algorithm (MVA) based on three key equations, because the exact algorithm needs huge time and space requirement. As mixed multi-class QN models, include some open and some closed classes, the open classes should be eliminated to create a closed multi-class QN so that the closed model algorithm can be applied. Some corresponding examples are given to show how to apply the algorithms mentioned in this article. These examples indicate that multi-class QN is a reasonably accurate model of e-business and can be solved efficiently.
文摘This paper presents a 1.8 GHz class-E controlled power amplifier (PA). The proposed power amplifier is designed with two-stage architecture. The main advantage of the proposed technique for output control power is a high 37 dB output power dynamic range with good average power adding efficiency. The measurement results show that the PA achieves a high power gain of 23 dBm and power added efficiency (PAE) by 38%. The circuit was post layout simulated in a standard 0.18 μm CMOS technology.
